Prospects for magnetization of large PM rotors: conclusions from a development case study

A development feasibility study has been conducted for magnetizing the rotor of a 1.7 MVA, 20-r/min, permanent magnets (PMs) excited synchronous wind turbine generator. Various technical problem areas and their likely influence on the overall design concept, are reviewed. Thus, some particularly important problems are identified: KERI's conventional facilities ensure sufficient energy for magnetizing, pair by pair, of all the PMs of the rotor. A rotor and inductor optimal arrangement for a magnetizing system's configuration is required in order to avoid a wrong, strong magnetization of the neighboring poles. It is also necessary to take into account the mechanical strength of the magnetizing inductor winding to withstand electromagnetic forces. This paper presents the result of the analytical calculation of such a specialized inductor and a PC Spice-based software simulation of the magnetizer circuit; finally, a transient finite element method (FEM) simulation of the inductors connected by the external electric circuit has been done. All three methods confirm the possibility for a successful magnetization, pair by pair, of all rotor poles. Design proposals are detailed and conclusions are relevant for magnetizing large rotors with surface-mounted PMs in general.     

Design of concatenated space-time block codes using signal space diversity and the Alamouti scheme

New full-rate space-time block codes achieving full diversity for quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) using an even number of transmit antennas over quasi-static Rayleigh fading channels are proposed. The proposed codes are constructed by serially concatenating unitary rotating precoders with the Alamouti code. The coding advantage of the proposed code for a codeword pair corresponding to any distinct input pair is shown to be greater than or equal to that of the ST-CR code.     

Experimental and Numerical Studies in a Vortex Tube

The present investigation deals with the study of the internal flow phenomena of the counter flow type vortex tube using experimental testing and numerical simulation. Visualization was carried out using the surface tracing method, injecting dye on the vortex tube wall using a needle. Vortex tube is made of acrylic to visualize the surface particle tracing and the input air pressure was varied from 0.1 MPa to 0.3 MPa. The experimentally visualized results on the tube show that there is an apparent sudden changing of the trajectory on the vortex tube wall which was observed in every experimental test case. This may indicate the stagnation position of the vortex flow. The visualized stagnation position moves towards the vortex generator with increase in cold flow ratio and input pressure. Three-dimensional computational study is also conducted to obtain more detailed flow information in the vortex tube. Calculated total pressure, static pressure and total temperature distributions in the vortex tube were in good agreement with the experimental data. The computational particle trace on the vortex tube wall is very similar to that observed in experiments.     

An oversampled digital PWM linearization technique for digital-to-analog conversion

An algorithmic-based linearization process for uniformly sampled digital pulsewidth modulation (PWM) is described. It is shown that linearization of the intrinsic distortion resulting in uniformly sampled PWM can be achieved by using a fractional delay digital filter embedded within a noise shaping re-quantizer. A technique termed direct PWM mapping is proposed as a pre-compensation filter scheme for applications in high-resolution digital-to-analog conversion.     

Scheduling algorithm for real-time imprecise computations tominimise maximum weighted errors using the linear programmingmethod

An optimal scheduling algorithm for imprecise systems is presented. The proposed algorithm aims at minimising the maximum weighted errors. A novel property of the algorithm is that the errors are evenly distributed among scheduled tasks. The complexity of the proposed algorithm is O(N³) in the worst case, where N is the number of tasks     

Effects of spin inaccuracy on PMD reduction in spun fibers

Spinning a fiber is the most viable and used technique to reduce polarization mode dispersion (PMD). Many papers have shown that by properly tuning the spin parameters, the differential group delay (DGD) of spun fibers can be greatly reduced. However, the precision with which these optimal profiles are practically implemented may be a problem. In this paper, we perform a statistical analysis of the effects that spin inaccuracy may have on fiber PMD, quantifying how the random uncertainty on spin parameters impairs the DGD. Some preliminary experimental results about spin-induced PMD reduction are also reported.