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41.
42.
Behavioural models for distributed Fractal components 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Tomás Barros Rabéa Ameur-Boulifa Antonio Cansado Ludovic Henrio Eric Madelaine 《电信纪事》2009,64(1-2):25-43
This paper presents a formal behavioural specification framework for specifying and verifying the correct behaviour of distributed Fractal components. The first contribution is a parameterised and hierarchical behavioural model called pNets that serves as a low-level semantic framework for expressing the behaviour of various classes of distributed languages and as a common internal format for our tools. Then, we use this model to define the generation of behavioural models for applications ranging from sequential Fractal components, to distributed objects, and finally to distributed components. Our models are able to characterise both functional and non-functional behaviours and the interaction between the two concerns. Finally, this work has resulted in the development of tools allowing the non-expert programmer to specify the behaviour of his components and (semi)automatically verify properties of his application. 相似文献
43.
Metal Organic Framework Crystals in Mixed‐Matrix Membranes: Impact of the Filler Morphology on the Gas Separation Performance 下载免费PDF全文
Anahid Sabetghadam Beatriz Seoane Damla Keskin Nicole Duim Tania Rodenas Salman Shahid Sara Sorribas Clément Le Guillouzer Guillaume Clet Carlos Tellez Marco Daturi Joaquin Coronas Freek Kapteijn Jorge Gascon 《Advanced functional materials》2016,26(18):3154-3163
Mixed‐matrix membranes comprising NH2‐MIL‐53(Al) and Matrimid or 6FDA‐DAM have been investigated. The metal organic framework (MOF) loading has been varied between 5 and 20 wt%, while NH2‐MIL‐53(Al) with three different morphologies, nanoparticles, nanorods, and microneedles has been dispersed in Matrimid. The synthesized membranes have been tested in the separation of CO2 from CH4 in an equimolar mixture. At 3 bar and 298 K for 8 wt% MOF loading, incorporation of NH2‐MIL‐53(Al) nanoparticles leads to the largest improvement compared to nanorods and microneedles. The incorporation of the best performing filler, i.e., NH2‐MIL‐53(Al) nanoparticles, into the highly permeable 6FDA‐DAM has a larger effect, and the CO2 permeability increases up to 85% with slightly lower selectivities for 20 wt% MOF loading. Specifically, these membranes have a permeability of 660 Barrer with a CO2/CH4 separation factor of 28, leading to a performance very close to the Robeson limit of 2008. Furthermore, a new non‐destructive technique based on Raman spectroscopy mapping is introduced to assess the homogeneity of the filler dispersion in the polymer matrix. The MOF contribution can be calculated by modeling the spectra. The determined homogeneity of the MOF filler distribution in the polymer is confirmed by focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy analysis. 相似文献
44.
With the increasing demands for mobile wireless sensor networks in recent years, designing an energy‐efficient clustering and routing protocol has become very important. This paper provides an analytical model to evaluate the power consumption of a mobile sensor node. Based on this, a clustering algorithm is designed to optimize the energy efficiency during cluster head formation. A genetic algorithm technique is employed to find the near‐optimal threshold for residual energy below which a node has to give up its role of being the cluster head. This clustering algorithm along with a hybrid routing concept is applied as the near‐optimal energy‐efficient routing technique to increase the overall efficiency of the network. Compared to the mobile low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol, the simulation studies reveal that the energy‐efficient routing technique produces a longer network lifetime and achieves better energy efficiency. 相似文献
45.
To reduce the number of radio frequency (RF) chains in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, generalized spatial modulation (GSM) techniques have been proposed in the literature. In this paper, we propose a zero‐forcing (ZF)‐based detector, which performs an initial pruning of the search tree that will be considered as the initial condition in a sphere decoding (SD) algorithm. The proposed method significantly reduces the computational complexity of GSM systems while achieving a near maximum likelihood (ML) performance. We analyze the performance of the proposed method and provide an analytic performance difference between the proposed method and the ML detector. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed method is very close to that of the ML detector, while achieving a significant computational complexity reduction in comparison with the conventional SD method, in terms of the number of visited nodes. We also present some simulations to assess the accuracy of our theoretical results. 相似文献
46.
Highly Robust Indium‐Free Transparent Conductive Electrodes Based on Composites of Silver Nanowires and Conductive Metal Oxides 下载免费PDF全文
Kirill Zilberberg Felix Gasse Richie Pagui Andreas Polywka Andreas Behrendt Sara Trost Ralf Heiderhoff Patrick Görrn Thomas Riedl 《Advanced functional materials》2014,24(12):1671-1678
A hybrid approach for the realization of In‐free transparent conductive layers based on a composite of a mesh of silver nanowires (NWs) and a conductive metal‐oxide is demonstrated. As metal‐oxide room‐temperature‐processed sol–gel SnOx or Al:ZnO prepared by low‐temperature (100 °C) atomic layer deposition is used, respectively. In this concept, the metal‐oxide is intended to fuse the wires together and also to “glue” them to the substrate. As a result, a low sheet resistance down to 5.2 Ω sq‐1 is achieved with a concomitant average transmission of 87%. The adhesion of the NWs to the substrate is significantly improved and the resulting composites withstand adhesion tests without loss in conductivity. Owing to the low processing temperatures, this concept allows highly robust, highly conductive, and transparent coatings even on top of temperature sensitive objects, for example, polymer foils, organic devices. These Indium‐ and PEDOT:PSS‐free hybrid layers are successfully implemented as transparent top‐electrodes in efficient all‐solution‐processed semitransparent organic solar cells. It is obvious that this approach is not limited to organic solar cells but will generally be applicable in devices which require transparent electrodes. 相似文献
47.
High Precision,Electrochemical Detection of Reversible Binding of Recombinant Proteins on Wide Bandgap GaN Electrodes Functionalized with Biomembrane Models 下载免费PDF全文
Nataliya Frenkel Jens Wallys Sara Lippert Jörg Teubert Stefan Kaufmann Aparna Das Eva Monroy Martin Eickhoff Motomu Tanaka 《Advanced functional materials》2014,24(31):4927-4934
We report a novel hybrid charge sensor realized by the deposition of phospholipid monolayers on highly doped n‐GaN electrodes. To detect the binding of recombinant proteins with histidine‐tags, lipid vesicles containing chelator lipids were deposited on GaN electrodes pre‐coated with octadecyltrimethoxysilane monolayers. Owing to its optical transparency, GaN allows the confirmation of the fluidity of supported membranes by fluorescence recovery after photo‐bleaching (FRAP). The electrolyte‐(organic) insulator‐semiconductor (EIS) setup enables one to transduce variations in the surface charge density ΔQ into a change in the interface capacitance ΔC p and, thus, the flat‐band potential ΔU FB. The obtained results demonstrate that the membrane‐based charge sensor can reach a high sensitivity to detect reversible changes in the surface charge density on the membranes by the formation of chelator complexes, docking of eGFP with histidine tags, and cancellation by EDTA. The achievable resolution of ΔQ ≥ 0.1 μC/cm2 is better than that obtained for membrane‐functionalized p‐GaAs, 0.9 μC/cm2, and for ITO coated with a polymer supported lipid monolayer, 2.2 μC/cm2. Moreover, we examined the potential application of optically active InGaN/GaN quantum dot structures, for the detection of changes in the surface potential from the photoluminescence signals measured at room temperature. 相似文献
48.
M.R.X. de Barros G. Nykolak D.J. DiGiovanni A. Bruce W.H. Grodkiewicz P.C. Becker 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》1996,8(6):761-763
We report the gain, noise figure, output saturation power, and conversion efficiency of a highly concentrated Er/sup 3+/-doped alumino silicate fiber amplifier. We obtain a gain per unit length of 1.0 dB/cm, which corresponds to the highest gain per unit length obtained in an Er/sup 3+/-doped fiber amplifier. The pump power threshold ranges from 2 to 5 mW, depending on the fiber length. 相似文献
49.
Marius Keunecke Fryderyk Lyzwa Danny Schwarzbach Vladimir Roddatis Nicolas Gauquelin Knut Müller‐Caspary Johann Verbeeck Sara J. Callori Frank Klose Markus Jungbauer Vasily Moshnyaga 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(18)
Heterostructures of strongly correlated oxides demonstrate various intriguing and potentially useful interfacial phenomena. LaMnO3/SrMnO3 superlattices are presented showcasing a new high‐temperature ferromagnetic phase with Curie temperature, TC ≈360 K, caused by electron transfer from the surface of the LaMnO3 donor layer into the neighboring SrMnO3 acceptor layer. As a result, the SrMnO3 (top)/LaMnO3 (bottom) interface shows an enhancement of the magnetization as depth‐profiled by polarized neutron reflectometry. The length scale of charge transfer, λTF ≈2 unit cells, is obtained from in situ growth monitoring by optical ellipsometry, supported by optical simulations, and further confirmed by high resolution electron microscopy and spectroscopy. A model of the inhomogeneous distribution of electron density in LaMnO3/SrMnO3 layers along the growth direction is concluded to account for a complex interplay between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic layers in superlattices. 相似文献
50.
Bissessur H. Charlet G. Idler W. Simonneau C. Borne S. Pierre L. Dischler R. De Barros C. Tran P. 《Electronics letters》2002,38(8):377-379
50 GHz-spaced 80 × 40 Gbit/s WDM transmission over 300 km of TeraLightTM fibre is demonstrated without polarisation demultiplexing, using the PSBT format. A record capacity of 3.2 Tbit/s is thus achieved over the C-band only, with a spectral efficiency of 0.8 bit/s/Hz 相似文献