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The influence of cyclic potentiodynamic passivation (CPP) of 316L stainless steels (SS) of different crystallographic orientation produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) on the resulting general and pitting corrosion resistance is discussed. CPP was performed by cyclic voltammetry in aqueous 0.1 M NaNO3. Electrochemical tests including open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and linear potentiodynamic polarization were employed to evaluate the resulting corrosion properties of the surfaces in aqueous 3.5 wt.% NaCl. It was found that the CPP method enables the formation of a passive oxide surface film which significantly improved the materials' general and pitting corrosion resistance in comparison to the naturally-formed passive film under the experimental conditions investigated. It was also found that the general corrosion resistance, for both the unmodified (naturally-passivated) and CPP-modified LPBF 316L samples, decreased in the order of {111} > {100} > polycrystalline > {110}. Although the CPP-modified samples showed a significantly lower current in the passive region and higher pitting potentials, in comparison to the unmodified samples, their crystalline structure was found not to have any influence on the corresponding behaviours.  相似文献   
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Electrodialysis (ED) has been recently known as a highly effective technique to remove and recover ionic liquids from aqueous solution. When a conventional electrolyte solution for the ED process containing Na2SO4 was used, a recovery ratio of an acidic IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([Bmim][HSO4]), was 90%. On the other hand, the value clearly increased to 96% when we employed [Bmim][HSO4] as the electrolyte solution. In an acid hydrolysis of bagasse using the IL under microwave irradiation, the recovery ratio maintains 96%, irrespective of reaction time. This demonstrates the applicability of the proposed ED system in biomass processing.  相似文献   
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The Journal of Supercomputing - Facial expression recognition (FER) serves as an essential tool for understanding human emotional behaviors. Facial expressions provide a wealth of information about...  相似文献   
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Noncovalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes by wrapping them using π‐conjugated polymers is one of the most promising techniques to sort, separate, and purify semiconducting nanotube species for applications in optoelectronic devices. However, wide energy bandgap polymers commonly used in this technique reduce charge transport through the nanotube network. To avoid the formation of insulating barriers between the tubes, challenging procedures for the removal of the polymer from the nanotube walls are necessary. Here, the use of two narrow bandgap polymers based on naphthalene‐bis(dicarboximide) (NDI), namely, poly{[N,N′‐bis(2‐octyldodecyl)‐naphthalene‐1,4,5,8‐bis(dicarboximide)‐2,6‐diyl]‐alt‐5,59‐(2,29‐bithiophene)}, (P(NDI2OD‐T2 or ActivInk N2200 ) and its molecular cousin, poly{[(N,N′‐bis(2‐octyldodecyl)‐1,4,5,8‐naphthalenedicarboximide‐2,6‐diyl)‐alt‐5,5′‐(2,2′‐bithiophene)]‐co‐[(N,N′‐bis(2‐octyldodecyl)‐1,4,5,8‐naphthalenedicarboximide‐2,6‐diyl)‐alt‐5,5′‐(2,2′‐(4,4′‐dimethoxybithiophene))]}(ActivInk PE‐N‐73 ), for selecting semiconducting single‐walled carbon nanotubes (s‐SWNTs) is demonstrated. The influence of the chemical structure of these polymers on the nanotube selectivity, as well as the effect of residual excess polymer and their band‐gaps, are investigated through optical spectroscopy and charge transport measurements. While the electron transport of the devices fabricated with PE‐N‐73 and N2200 wrapped SWNTs is comparable, a substantial difference is observed in the hole transport. The better alignment of the HOMO level of PE‐N‐73 with that of the nanotubes allows achieving improved p‐type characteristics even with a large amount of residual polymer in the network.  相似文献   
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We report a novel concept for multi-color light emission from an ambipolar organic single-crystal transistor using natural optical waveguides, the self-absorption effect, Davydov splitting and the unique alignment of the transition dipole moments. We used 9,10-bis-(2,2-diphenylvinyl)-anthracene single crystals to produce blue and green light from identical single-crystal transistors. We also observed red light, which corresponds to the emission from in-gap states that are caused by impurities. Importantly, each of these different colors corresponds to a distinguishable light polarization, which enables us to tune the emission color by using a light polarizer.  相似文献   
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All‐optical networks are the aspiration of bandwidth‐greedy applications providers and users such as telecom operators and scientific research centres. Because of the limitations of current network infrastructures, some optical switching paradigms have been proposed. Among these paradigms, optical burst switching (OBS) is seen as the most appropriate solution. However, OBS suffers from high burst loss ratio as a result of contention at the buffer‐less core node. According to current optical technology reviews, cost effective optical memories are yet to be cost effective. In this paper, an ant‐based route, wavelength and timeslot allocation algorithm is proposed to address high burst loss in OBS and improve the overall network performance. The solution was implemented in hierarchical time‐sliced OBS and was evaluated through computer simulation where it was compared with shortest path (SP) algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms SP in terms of burst loss ratio and delay. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
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Neural Computing and Applications - In human communication, facial expressions play an important role, which carries enough information about human emotions. Last two decades, it becomes a very...  相似文献   
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