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71.
Alexander Panov Vladimir I. Mayorov Sergey Dikalov 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(7)
We present evidence that metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents the postreproductive stage of the human postembryonic ontogenesis. Accordingly, the genes governing this stage experience relatively weak evolutionary selection pressure, thus representing the metabolic phenotype of distant ancestors with β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids (FAs) as the primary energy source. Mitochondria oxidize at high-rate FAs only when succinate, glutamate, or pyruvate are present. The heart and brain mitochondria work at a wide range of functional loads and possess an intrinsic inhibition of complex II to prevent oxidative stress at periods of low functional activity. Kidney mitochondria constantly work at a high rate and lack inhibition of complex II. We suggest that in people with MetS, oxidative stress is the central mechanism of the heart and brain pathologies. Oxidative stress is a secondary pathogenetic mechanism in the kidney, while the primary mechanisms are kidney hypoxia caused by persistent hyperglycemia and hypertension. Current evidence suggests that most of the nongenetic pathologies associated with MetS originate from the inconsistencies between the metabolic phenotype acquired after the transition to the postreproductive stage and excessive consumption of food rich in carbohydrates and a sedentary lifestyle. 相似文献
72.
Sergey Nickolayevich Mensov Gleb A. Abakumov Maxim V. Arsenyev Maxim A. Baten'kin Sergey A. Chesnokov Alexey N. Konev Yuri V. Polushtaytsev Margarita P. Shurygina Maria Yu. Zakharina 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2020,137(34):48976
The process of two-wave photopolymerization of a UV-curable composition with an optically degrading inhibitor is considered. By numerical simulation, it is shown that in the composition layer uniformly exposed to UV-radiation, such systems allow getting segments with different conversion under the action of inhomogeneous visible light. Based on the data on the photopolymerization kinetics of the compositions from triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and bisphenol-A glycidyl dimethacrylate (bis-GMA) with the UV-initiator 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA), it was shown that 3,5-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone (35Q) with N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA, “Aldrich”, 99%) can serve as an inhibitor that degrades under action of visible radiation. Combining inhomogeneous visible light generated with a conventional DLP-projector and uniform UV-radiation of LED (365 nm) the two-wave lithographic process was implemented to create polymeric 2D-structures in 20 μm layer of the compositions from TEGDMA (70)/bis-GMA (30)/DMPA (0.05 wt%)/35Q (0.5 wt%)/DMA (1 wt%). 相似文献
73.
Pavel P. Fedorov Vera Y. Proydakova Sergey V. Kuznetsov Valery V. Voronov Alexandr A. Pynenkov Konstantin N. Nishchev 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2020,103(5):3390-3400
The thermal analysis and X-ray powder diffraction studies of the Li2SO4–Na2SO4 system, including the high-temperature X-ray diffraction technique, have elucidated four phases of variable composition: three solid solutions based on the α-Li2SO4, α-Na2SO4, and α-LiNaSO4 high-temperature polymorphs, and a low-temperature β-LiNaSO4 phase. α-Na2SO4-Base solid solution disintegrates into two phases via a monotectoid phase transformation. It is quite probable that the monotectoid process is related to the conversion of the second-order phase transition to the first-order phase transition. 相似文献
74.
75.
Jean‐Thomas Fonné Ekaterina Burov Emmanuelle Gouillart Sergey Grachev Hervé Montigaud Damien Vandembroucq 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2018,101(4):1516-1525
Interdiffusion processes between aluminum enriched PVD‐sputtered silica thin films and industrial float soda‐lime silicate glass substrates are quantitatively studied using SIMS analysis. Heat treatments are performed at temperatures close or above the glass transition temperature of the float glass. Aluminum doping of the film is shown to strongly increase the migration of alkali from the glass substrate to the silica thin film. In particular the final alkali content in the film exhibits a linear scaling with the aluminum concentration. An interdiffusion process is evidenced between bulk alkali ions and protons originating from a significant water content in the as‐deposited silica film. Experimental measurements of sodium concentration are shown to be consistent with a simple thermodynamic model based on the equilibration of the activity of sodium between the film and the glass substrate. 相似文献
76.
Krassimira Ilieva Sergey Belousov Antonio Ballesteros Bohumil Osmera Sergey Zaritsky 《Progress in Nuclear Energy》2009,51(1):1-13
A state of the art review of Reactor Dosimetry used for reactor pressure vessel irradiation damage assessment and lifetime evaluation of the Russian type VVER reactors is presented. The necessity of prospective studies in Reactor Dosimetry for improvements that will reduce the neutron fluence uncertainty and in this way to substantiate the extension of NPP lifetime is summarized by specialists in Reactor Dosimetry from countries operating VVER reactors such as Russia, Ukraine, Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary, and Bulgaria, together with specialists from Western European countries such as France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, The Netherlands, and UK, operating PWR and BWR type reactors. 相似文献
77.
Wang Tao Semenov Sergey Wang Engang Delannoy Yves Fautrelle Yves Budenkova Olga 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》2019,50(6):3039-3054
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - Modeling of equiaxed solidification is vital for understanding the solidification process of metallic alloys. In this work, an extended literature... 相似文献
78.
Luhong Jin Fengqiang Zhao Wanni Lin Xiaoxu Zhou Cuifang Kuang Alexander Nedzved Sergey Ablameyko Xu Liu Yingke Xu 《Microscopy research and technique》2020,83(9):1056-1065
With the development of super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy, complex dynamic processes in living cells can be observed and recorded with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution. Single particle tracking (SPT) is the most important step to explore the relationship between the spatio‐temporal dynamics of subcellular molecules and their functions. Although previous studies have developed SPT algorithms to quantitatively analyze particle dynamics in cell, traditional tracking methods have poor performance when dealing with intersecting trajectories. This can be attributed to two main reasons: (a) they do not have point compensation process for overlapping objects; (b) they use inefficient motion prediction models. In this paper, we present a novel fan‐shaped tracker (FsT) algorithm to reconstruct the trajectories of subcellular vesicles in living cells. We proposed a customized point compensation method for overlapping objects based on the fan‐shaped motion trend of the particles. Furthermore, we validated the performance of the FsT in both simulated time‐lapse movies with variable imaging quality and in real vesicle moving images. Meanwhile, we compared the performance of FsT with other five state‐of‐the‐art tracking algorithms by using commonly defined measures. The results showed that our FsT achieves better performance in high signal‐to‐noise ratio conditions and in tracking of overlapping objects. We anticipate that our FsT method will have vast applications in tracking of moving objects in cell. 相似文献
79.
Quanlong Yang Sergey Kruk Yuehong Xu Qingwei Wang Yogesh Kumar Srivastava Kirill Koshelev Ivan Kravchenko Ranjan Singh Jiaguang Han Yuri Kivshar Ilya Shadrivov 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(4)
All‐dielectric metasurfaces have become a new paradigm for flat optics as they allow flexible engineering of the electromagnetic space of propagating waves. Such metasurfaces are usually composed of individual subwavelength elements embedded into a host medium or placed on a substrate, which often diminishes the quality of the resonances. The substrate imposes limitations on the metasurface functionalities, especially for infrared and terahertz frequencies. Here a novel concept of membrane Huygens' metasurfaces is introduced. The metasurfaces feature an inverted design, and they consist of arrays of holes made in a thin membrane of high‐index dielectric material, with the response governed by the electric and magnetic Mie resonances excited within dielectric domains of the membrane. Highly efficient transmission combined with the 2π phase coverage in the freestanding membranes is demonstrated. Several functional metadevices for wavefront control are designed, including beam deflector, a lens, and an axicon. Such membrane metasurfaces provide novel opportunities for efficient large‐area metadevices, whose advanced functionality is defined by structuring rather than by chemical composition. 相似文献
80.