蚕蛹蛋白挥发性成分分析及体外消化特性研究

本文以碱溶酸沉提取的蚕蛹蛋白为原材料,采用GC-MS比较了烘干与冻干两种蚕蛹蛋白挥发性成分,同时研究了热处理温度及时间,不同处理方式对蚕蛹蛋白体外消化率的影响。试验结果表明:从烘干蚕蛹蛋白和冻干蚕蛹蛋白中分别鉴定出26种和35种挥发性化合物,蚕蛹蛋白中挥发性物质主要为醛类化合物,而其臭味主要来源于醇类化合物和硫化物,且含量较少,亦与部分醛类化合物有关;热处理可显著提高蚕蛹蛋白体外消化率(p0.05),不同处理方式下蚕蛹蛋白体外消化率高低依次为辐照(10 k Gy)蒸煮(100℃,1 h)微波(700 W,3 min)蒸煮(100℃,20 min)干热(130℃,1 h)未处理,热处理60 min后,蚕蛹蛋白胰蛋白酶抑制因子活性值(TIA)仅为14.52%,胰蛋白酶被抑制百分比下降到38.37%。     

微孔沸石对卷烟烟气中多环芳烃去除的机理研究

通过多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon,PAHs）荧蒽（fluoranthene,Flu）和蒽（anthracene,Ant）在微孔沸石Y、ZSM-5和NaA上的吸附和催化裂解实验,探讨了沸石对卷烟烟气中PAHs选择性去除作用机理。实验结果表明：Y型沸石能吸附和催化裂解Flu和Ant;ZSM-5沸石能吸附和催化裂解Ant而不能吸附Flu;NaA沸石受孔径限制,不能吸附和催化裂解Ant和Flu。然而,将这些沸石添加到卷烟中,它们都不同程度地减少了烟气中B[a]P、Ant和Flu的含量。结合沸石吸附PAHs的红外图谱及量子化学计算结果：微孔沸石对卷烟烟气中PAHs的去除不是直接吸附或催化降解,而是吸附了形成PAHs的中间体/前体从而减少了PAHs的生成。     

油脂工业与环境保护

从废水处理废气排放、噪声控制等方面入手,论述了油脂厂的主要污染问题及所采取的环保措施,给出了有关最 及实现这些目标所必须的途径,将国内现状与发达国家作了比较,可供同行参考借鉴。     

分形图案与传统纺织印花图案的形式美感对比

 分形图案和传统纺织印花图案属于不同的美学范畴。通过分析分形图案和传统纺织印花图案各自的美感特征,从对称与均衡、奇异与和谐、重复与渐变、节奏与韵律、简单与复杂5个方面对分形图案和传统纺织印花图案的形式美感进行了对比,指出分形图案虽然有其独特的视觉审美价值,但在印花技术、创作方式、文化内涵等方面存在一定的局限性,传统纺织印花仍然具有不可替代性。     

Rapid quantitative method for total brominated vegetable oil in soft drinks using ion chromatography

A simple, quantitative and rapid method for total brominated vegetable oil (BVO) using ion chromatography (IC) with suppressed conductivity detection was developed and successfully applied to soft drinks with results expressed as inorganic bromide anion. The procedure involves extraction of BVO with diethyl ether and treatment with zinc dust in a solution of acetic acid, giving recoveries ranging between 92.5 and 98.5%. The calibration curves obtained were linear with correlation coefficients (r (2)) of 0.998, a coefficient of variation (CV) of less than 5% and limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 250 and 750?μg?l(-1), respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of BVO in several commercial soft drinks which were found to contain BVO in the range 1.8-14.510?mg?l(-1). The method has less sources of error compared to previously published methods.     

卷烟鉴别仪器分析技术研究进展

介绍了人工嗅觉系统、近红外光谱分析技术和气相色谱或气相色谱-质谱联用3种仪器分析技术在卷烟鉴别中的应用,探讨了仪器分析技术在卷烟鉴别中存在的问题,对应用前景进行了展望。     

基于二氧化锡/碳化硅空心球纳米链的电化学传感器检测食用油中黄曲霉毒素B1

在电极基底和抗体探针修饰生物相容性良好的二氧化锡/碳化硅空心球纳米链、聚苯胺纳米线、金纳米颗粒等纳米材料,放大电化学信号,提高检测灵敏度,构建黄曲霉毒素B₁直接竞争检测电化学传感器。结果表明:该传感器对黄曲霉毒素B₁的检测线性范围为3.81pg/mL～1.00μg/mL,检出限为1.13pg/mL。传感器具有良好的稳定性、重现性和特异性,对食用油的检测添加回收率在84.6%～107.6%,变异系数在5.42%～10.49%,可应用于食用油中黄曲霉毒素B₁的快速筛查。     

Mathematical modelling of perorally induced immunological tolerance

A mathematical model of the mechanism of development of orally induced immunologic tolerance has been suggested. The model presents a system of differential non-linear equations, and it is realized as a program in FORTRAN. The model describes primary and secondary immune responses, reflects the main features of the immune system response to antigen intake with food. The immune system model response to varying doses and frequency of the antigen intake with food has been studied. It has been established that repeated administration of small doses of the food antigen leads to a deeper tolerance due to lower stimulation of the immune system. The existence of optimal tolerogenic doses of the food antigen has been proved. Qualitative changes in the immune system response to the food antigen have been recorded in case of increased permeability of the intestinal wall.