恶意代码分析技术综述

随着全球信息化的不断推进,整个世界越来越被连成一个整体,威胁计算机系统安全的领域也越来越广泛,其中以恶意代码最为严重。而随着计算机系统安全攻击与防御技术的不断较量,恶意代码的攻击手法、攻击形式也越来越趋于隐秘化、复杂化。因此,有必要对当下的恶意代码分析技术进行总结,从中发现新的发展方向,以应对不断变化的恶意代码形势。     

Novel last passage time based jitter model with application to low slew rate/high noise ring oscillator

In a ring oscillator, the behaviour in which the output voltage ramp (up/down) of its individual delay cell crosses the threshold, which triggers the next stage delay cell, is crucial in determining the timing jitter, and hence phase noise. Specifically, as the slew rate of the ramp decreases and/or the amount of noise contribution from the transistors in the delay cell increases, the voltage ramp (up or down) has a higher probability of crossing the threshold multiple times, before finally passing it at a time denoted as last passage time, which is more accurate than the conventional first passage time model. This multiple crossing results in a higher jitter. In the past, investigation in last passage time jitter model results in jitter expression that can only be calculated numerically and thus no design guidelines/insights are apparent. In this paper, a novel model is presented with a simple closed form formula, which shows the extra jitter, due to multiple crossing, adds a term that increases as a function of the fourth power of the noise strength/slew rate ratio. The formula is applied to a real life practical low slow rate/high noise ring oscillator which finds application, for example, in random number generator implementation. Corresponding transistor level simulation results agree reasonably well with the model. Furthermore, it is shown that, on example designs, the last passage time approach in this paper can lead to time jitter that is 100 % larger than that due to conventional first passage time model.     

视觉显著性检测：一种融合长期和短期特征的信息论算法

针对传统视觉显著性检测算法单纯使用当前观测图像的信息或是先验知识的不足,该文引入了长期特征和短期特征的概念,分别代表先验知识和当前观测图像的信息,并提出了一种基于信息论的算法将它们融合。首先,分别根据人眼跟踪数据和当前观测图像的内容来训练长期和短期稀疏词典并对图像进行稀疏编码,将得到的稀疏编码作为长期和短期特征。其次,针对现有算法只能在整幅图像上或是在一个固定大小的局部邻域内进行统计的缺陷,该文提出一种基于信息熵的特征概率分布估计方法,该方法可以根据当前观测图像的具体情况自适应地选择一个最佳的区域大小来计算长期和短期特征出现的概率。最后,利用香农自信息来输出图像的显著性检测结果。同8种流行算法在公开的人眼跟踪测试库上进行的主观和定量的实验对比证明了该文算法的有效性。     

Spatial pooling for measuring color printing quality attributes

Many objective image quality assessment algorithms firstly apply quality metrics in local regions that results in a quality map, and then pool the quality values in the quality map into a single quality score. The simplest pooling method is the average of quality values, which assumes that all the quality values are independent and equally important. However, visual perception is so complex that the assumption underlying average pooling might be too strict. There is an agreement that some regions in the images might be more perceptually significant, which leads to more advanced spatial pooling methods. In this work we evaluate existing spatial pooling methods for five important quality attributes, which are proposed to reduce the complexity of image quality assessment. The results show that: (1) more advanced spatial pooling methods are generally better than simple average; (2) spatial pooling depends on both image quality metrics and the attributes of the image.     

WiFi外辐射源雷达参考信号重构及其对探测性能影响研究

利用WiFi (Wireless Fidelity)信号作为外辐射源进行探测可获得较好的性能,然而WiFi信号本身及其应用环境的复杂性又决定了其参考信号获取的难度。该文分析了利用WiFi信号进行探测的特点,探讨了参考信号获取的不同方式,针对典型WiFi信号结构,提出了与WiFi无源探测相适应的参考信号重构方法,并结合接收信号的信噪比分析了参考信号重构质量对探测性能的影响。研究表明,参考信道所接收信号的信噪比越高,其解调误比特率越低,重构后的参考信号对于杂波抑制性能越好,其模糊函数噪声基底也越低,越有利于目标探测。同时,针对接收信号中的非监测信号成分所产生的虚假目标重影,提出了基于重构的参考信号修正方法进行消除。仿真分析表明了以上处理方法对参考信号获取的有效性。      

掺饵光纤放大器测试系统研制

报导了用积木式设计方法、由下列几部分组成的一套以拟合技术为基础的掺饵光纤放大器( EDFA)测试系统 :1低边模抑制波长和功率可调光源 ;2测试控制单元 ;3单色光功率计 ;4控制与数据采集和处理微机系统 ;5专用机柜 ;6系统控制与测试数据采集和处理软件。该系统可以测量EDFA的增益 G、噪声指数 NF和光功率 P等参数及其与波长λ的关系。波长测量范围是 1530～1570 nm,精度为± 0 .1nm;G和 N F的测量不确定度分别为± 0 .5d B和± 0 .7d B;光功率的测量精度为± 0 .2 d B。在这套系统中用“单色光功率计”代替了价格昂贵的光谱分析仪 ,并开发有良好的测试与控制系统软件 ,使该系统成为一套适用性与经济性很好、操作使用灵活、简单快速的 EDFA测试系统     

Architecture and Engineering Issues in Building an IP over WDM Networks

The technologies of IP over WDM have presently received increasing attention owing to the rapid growth in Internet traffic and the need for next-generation Internet technologies. The challenge now is how to integrate the services of IP over WDM optical networks to take full advantages of WDM technologies and IP technologies, and yield a high-throughput optical platform directly underpinning next generation data networks. This article discusses some of the architecture and technology issues for the design of IP over WDM optical networks.     

被动调Q固体激光器的稳定性及增益预泵浦技术

研究了造成被动调 Q激光脉冲不稳定的原因 ,针对泵浦功率的起伏和饱和吸收体响应时间的影响 ,进行了深入的分析。提出了采用增益预泵浦方式提高被动调 Q激光器稳定性的方法 ,并就这种激光器进行了分析。结果表明 ,采用增益预泵浦 ,可提高被动调 Q激光器脉冲输出能量和工作效率。     

温度和工艺参数浮动下双阈值footed多米诺电路的漏电流特性

考虑到温度和工艺参数浮动的影响,对休眠双阈值footed多米诺电路的漏电流特性进行了系统的量化研究和比较,得到了不同温度下的最佳休眠状态.基于65和45nm BSIM4模型的HSPICE仿真表明：与业已提出的CHIL（时钟为高,输入均为低电平）状态和CHIH（时钟和输入均为高电平）状态相比,本文提出的CLIL（时钟和输入均为低电平）状态更有利于减小低温下电路的漏电流和高温下的多扇入电路的漏电流.而且,分析了工艺参数的浮动对双阈值footed多米诺电路的漏电流特性的影响,并给出了温度和工艺参数浮动下,双阈值footed多米诺电路漏电流最小的休眠状态.     

Surface Regulation Towards Stimuli‐Responsive Luminescence of Ultrasmall Thiolated Gold Nanoparticles for Ratiometric Imaging

The surface chemistry of the ultrasmall thiolated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, < 3.0 nm) plays key roles in both governing the intrinsic emission and establishing interfaces surrounded by various amine‐containing biomolecules in the biomedical applications such as imaging, targeting, and diagnostics. However, a fundamental understanding of the surface ligand's role in the stimuli‐responsive emissions of AuNPs toward the amine molecules is currently lacking. Here, through investigation of the thiolate surface and exotic amine structures, it is discovered that the nucleophilic amines tend to closely bind the electrophilic gold surface, generating a high‐energy stimuli‐responsive emission from the low‐energy intrinsically emitting AuNPs. Both the intrinsic and stimuli‐responsive emissions show a unique amine concentration‐dependent ratiometric pattern for quantitative assessments of important biogenic amines in the biological samples. This discovery opens a new pathway to the design of stimuli‐responsive AuNPs, and would promote more experimental and theoretical research on the application‐driven surface engineering for advanced biological applications.