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81.
Utilizing the extra-ordinary properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) in metal matrix composite (MMC) for macroscopic applications is still a big challenge for science and technology. Very few successful attempts have been made for commercial applications due to the difficulties incorporating CNTs in metals with up-scalable processes. CNT reinforced copper and copper alloy (bronze) composites have been fabricated by well-established hot-press sintering method of powder metallurgy. The parameters of CNT–metal powder mixing and hot-press sintering have been optimized and the matrix materials of the mixed powders and composites have been evaluated. However, the effect of shape and size of metal particles as well as selection of carbon nanotubes has significant influence on the mechanical and electrical properties of the composites. The hardness of copper matrix composite has improved up to 47% compared to that of pure copper, while the electrical conductivity of bronze composite has improved up to 20% compared to that of the pure alloy. Thus carbon nanotube can improve the mechanical properties of highly-conductive low-strength copper metals, whereas in low-conductivity high-strength copper alloys the electrical conductivity can be improved.  相似文献   
82.
The main goal of this research is to develop and apply a robust Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) model for predicting the characteristics of the osmotically drying treated potato and apple samples as a model heat-sensitive product in vacuum contact dryer. Concentrated salt and sugar solutions were used as the osmotic solutions at 27C. Series of experiments were performed at various temperatures of 35C, 40C, and 55C for conduction heat input under vacuum ( −760 mm Hg) condition. Some experiments were also performed in a pure vacuum without heat addition. Dimensionless moisture content (DMC), effective moisture diffusivity, and mass flux were considered as the performance parameters in this study. Results revealed that the osmotic dehydration using a concentrated sugar solution shows a higher reduction in the initial moisture loss of 19.87% compared to 5.3% in the salt solution. Furthermore, a significant enhancement of drying performance of about 27% in DMC was observed for both samples at vacuum and 40C compared to pure vacuum drying conditions. Using the experimental data, a robust artificial neural network (ANN) was proposed to describe the osmotic dehydration’s behavior on the drying process. The ANN model outputs are the dimensionless moisture contents (DMC), the diffusivity, and the mass flux. Whereas the ANN inputs were the drying time, the percent of sugar solution, and the percent of salt solution. For the ANN apple’s model, the minimum root mean square error (RMSE) values were 0.0261, 0.0349 and 0.0406, for DMC, diffusivity, and mass flux, respectively. Whereas the best correlation coefficients of the above three parameters’ determination values were 0.9909, 0.9867 and 0.9744, respectively. For the ANN potato’s model, the minimum RMSE values were 0.0124, 0.0140 and 0.0333, for DMC, diffusivity, and mass flux, respectively. And the best correlation coefficients of the parameters’ values were found 0.9969, 0.9968 and 0.9736, respectively. Accordingly, the ANN model’s prediction has a perfect agreement with the experimental dataset, which confirmed the ANN model’s accuracy.  相似文献   
83.
A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay applied to the measurement of ibuprofen in rat plasma has been developed. Two parameters have been investigated to improve ibuprofen detectability using fluorescence detection: variation of mobile phase pH and the use of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Increasing the pH value from 2.5 to 6.5 and adding 5 mM β-CD enhanced the fluorescence signal (λexc = 224 nm; λem = 290 nm) by 2.5 and 1.3-fold, respectively, when using standards. In the case of plasma samples, only pH variation significantly lowered detection and quantification limits, down to 10 and 35 ng/mL, respectively. Full selectivity was obtained with a single step for plasma treatment, that is, protein precipitation with acidified acetonitrile. The validated method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study of ibuprofen encapsulated in microspheres and subcutaneously administered to rats.  相似文献   
84.
Data communication at rates near or above 2 kbits/s on 3 kHz-baadwidth HF radio channels is subject to impairment from severe linear dispersion, rapid channel time variation, and severe fading. In this investigation, recorded 2.4 kbit/s QPSK signals received from HF channels were processed to extract a time-varying estimate of the channel impulse response. From the estimated channel impulse responses, performance-related parameters were computed for ideal matched filter reception, maximum-likelihood sequence-estimation (MLSE), and decision feedback equalization (DFE). The results indicated that the simpler DFE receiver suffered only a small theoretical performance degradation relative to the more complex MLSE receiver. Other HF channel impulse response statistics were also obtained to shed light on equalization and filter adaptation techniques.  相似文献   
85.
In this paper a novel multiresolution human visual system and statistically based image coding scheme is presented. It decorrelates the input image into a number of subbands using a lifting based wavelet transform. The codec employs a novel statistical encoding algorithm to code the coefficients in the detail subbands. Perceptual weights are applied to regulate the threshold value of each detail subband that is required in the statistical encoding process. The baseband coefficients are losslessly coded. An extension of the codec to the progressive transmission of images is also developed. To evaluate the performance of the coding scheme, it was applied to a number of test images and its performance with and without perceptual weights is evaluated. The results indicate significant improvement in both subjective and objective quality of the reconstructed images when perceptual weights are employed. The performance of the proposed technique was also compared to JPEG and JPEG2000. The results show that the proposed coding scheme outperforms both coding standards at low compression ratios, while offering satisfactory performance at higher compression ratios.  相似文献   
86.
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus is defined as a mental status change from baseline of at least a 30-min duration associated with constant or near-continuous ictal discharges on an electroencephalogram (EEG). Nonconvulsive status epilepticus is an often-overlooked diagnosis as a cause of acute confusional state. There are few case reports in dialysis patients. We are reporting 5 patients on chronic dialysis treatment who presented with an acute confusional state. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus was diagnosed by EEG and response to intravenous benzodiazepines. We recommend early EEG to be considered in the evaluation of dialysis patients with an acute confusional state.  相似文献   
87.
88.
Facial expression recognition has been a hot topic for decades, but high intraclass variation makes it challenging. To overcome intraclass variation for visual recognition, we introduce a novel fusion methodology, in which the proposed model first extract features followed by feature fusion. Specifically, RestNet-50, VGG-19, and Inception-V3 is used to ensure feature learning followed by feature fusion. Finally, the three feature extraction models are utilized using Ensemble Learning techniques for final expression classification. The representation learnt by the proposed methodology is robust to occlusions and pose variations and offers promising accuracy. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed model, we use two wild benchmark datasets Real-world Affective Faces Database (RAF-DB) and AffectNet for facial expression recognition. The proposed model classifies the emotions into seven different categories namely: happiness, anger, fear, disgust, sadness, surprise, and neutral. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed model is also compared with other algorithms focusing on the analysis of computational cost, convergence and accuracy based on a standard problem specific to classification applications.  相似文献   
89.
Multimedia Tools and Applications - In e-healthcare applications integrity of the received information is of prime importance for ensuring the accurate diagnosis. The integrity of electronic...  相似文献   
90.
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