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11.
A new methodology for the calibration of bond microparameters in rocks represented by a package of joined random spherical particles in the discrete element method (DEM) framework is presented. Typically, calibration is achieved through a trial-and-error procedure using several DEM simulations of uniaxial compressive tests (UCTs). The bond calibration model (BCM) does not need a time-dependent UCT-DEM simulation to establish the relation between the microproperties of the bond and the macroproperties of the rock specimen. The BCM uses matrices to describe the interaction forces exerted by bonds and, by means of an assembly process similar to the finite element method, it can describe the complex network of bonds, enabling the model to capture small variations in particle size and bond distribution as demonstrated in this work. In this work, the BCM is presented and compared with UCT simulations performed using Esys Particle software. Multiple simulations are done with constant bond properties and different particle size ratios (\(D_{MAX}/D_{MIN})\) that cause small variations in the specimen’s Young’s modulus; these variations are well captured by the BCM with an error of <10%. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to analyse the adoption of crisis preparedness measures by meeting planners. The study sought to determine how the adoption of crisis preparedness measures relates to meeting planner characteristics and identify the elements that influence their adoption (or lack of adoption) of these measures. A survey of professional meeting planners identified significant differences in the frequency of use of some key core crisis preparedness measures. Additionally, 10 categories of elements influencing the adoption of or failure to adopt crisis preparedness measures were identified. The findings of this study should be of interest to meeting organizers and professionals who want to make their meetings more crisis prepared rather than crisis prone. 相似文献
13.
Renata de Freitas Paulo A.S. Veloso Sheila R.M. Veloso Petrucio Viana 《Information and Computation》2009,207(10):1000-1014
In this paper, we study the (positive) graph relational calculus. The basis for this calculus was introduced by Curtis and Lowe in 1996 and some variants, motivated by their applications to semantics of programs and foundations of mathematics, appear scattered in the literature. No proper treatment of these ideas as a logical system seems to have been presented. Here, we give a formal presentation of the system, with precise formulation of syntax, semantics, and derivation rules. We show that the set of rules is sound and complete for the valid inclusions, and prove a finite model result as well as decidability. We also prove that the graph relational language has the same expressive power as a first-order positive fragment (both languages define the same binary relations), so our calculus may be regarded as a notational variant of the positive existential first-order logic of binary relations. The graph calculus, however, has a playful aspect, with rules easy to grasp and use. This opens a wide range of applications which we illustrate by applying our calculus to the positive relational calculus (whose set of valid inclusions is not finitely axiomatizable), obtaining an algorithm for deciding the valid inclusions and equalities of the latter. 相似文献
14.
Evaluating Multimembership Classifiers: A Methodology and Application to the MEDAS Diagnostic System
Ben-Bassat M Campell DB Macneil AR Weil MH 《IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence》1983,(2):225-229
Performance evaluation measures for multimembership classifiers are presented and applied in a retrospective study on the diagnostic performance of the MEDAS (Medical Emergency Decision Assistance System) system. Admission and discharge diagnoses for 122 patients with one or more of 26 distinct disorders in five major disorder categories were gathered. The average number of disorders per patient was 2 with 36 (29.5 percent) patients having 3 or more disorders simultaneously. The features (symptoms, signs, and laboratory data) available at admission were entered into a multimembership Bayesian pattern recognition algorithm which permits for diagnosis of multiple disorders. When the top five computer-ranked diagnoses were considered, all of the correct diagnoses for 86.1 percent of the patients were displayed by the fifth position. In 71.6 percent of these cases, no false diagnosis preceded any correct diagnosis. In ten cases a discharge diagnosis which was suggested by the available findings was omitted by the admitting physician. In six of these ten cases, the overlooked diagnoses appeared at the computer ranked list above all false diagnoses. Considering the urgency of diagnosis in the Emergency Department, the high uncertainty involved due to the limited availability of data, and the high frequency with which multiple disorders coexist, this limited study encourages our confidence in the MEDAS knowledge base and algorithm as a useful diagnostic support tool. 相似文献
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Irene R. Grant Antonio C.G. Foddai James C. Tarrant Brenna Kunkel Faye A. Hartmann Sheila McGuirk Chungyi Hansen Adel M. Talaat Michael T. Collins 《Journal of dairy science》2017,100(12):9723-9735
When advising farmers on how to control Johne's disease in an infected herd, one of the main recommendations is to avoid feeding waste milk to calves and instead feed calf milk replacer (CMR). This advice is based on the assumption that CMR is free of viable Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) cells, an assumption that has not previously been challenged. We tested commercial CMR products (n = 83) obtained from dairy farms around the United States by the peptide-mediated magnetic separation (PMS)-phage assay, PMS followed by liquid culture (PMS-culture), and direct IS900 quantitative PCR (qPCR). Conventional microbiological analyses for total mesophilic bacterial counts, coliforms, Salmonella, coagulase-negative staphylococci, streptococci, nonhemolytic Corynebacterium spp., and Bacillus spp. were also performed to assess the overall microbiological quality of the CMR. Twenty-six (31.3%) of the 83 CMR samples showed evidence of the presence of MAP. Seventeen (20.5%) tested positive for viable MAP by the PMS-phage assay, with plaque counts ranging from 6 to 1,212 pfu/50 mL of reconstituted CMR (average 248.5 pfu/50 mL). Twelve (14.5%) CMR samples tested positive for viable MAP by PMS-culture; isolates from all 12 of these samples were subsequently confirmed by whole-genome sequencing to be different cattle strains of MAP. Seven (8.4%) CMR samples tested positive for MAP DNA by IS900 qPCR. Four CMR samples tested positive by both PMS-based tests and 5 CMR samples tested positive by IS900 qPCR plus one or other of the PMS-based tests, but only one CMR sample tested positive by all 3 MAP detection tests applied. All conventional microbiology results were within current standards for whole milk powders. A significant association existed between higher total bacterial counts and presence of viable MAP indicated by either of the PMS-based assays. This represents the first published report of the isolation of viable MAP from CMR. Our findings raise concerns about the potential ability of MAP to survive manufacture of dried milk-based products. 相似文献
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Crowell Sheila E.; Beauchaine Theodore P.; Linehan Marsha M. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2009,135(3):495
Over the past several decades, research has focused increasingly on developmental precursors to psychological disorders that were previously assumed to emerge only in adulthood. This change in focus follows from the recognition that complex transactions between biological vulnerabilities and psychosocial risk factors shape emotional and behavioral development beginning at conception. To date, however, empirical research on the development of borderline personality is extremely limited. Indeed, in the decade since M. M. Linehan initially proposed a biosocial model of the development of borderline personality disorder, there have been few attempts to test the model among at-risk youth. In this review, diverse literatures are reviewed that can inform understanding of the ontogenesis of borderline pathology, and testable hypotheses are proposed to guide future research with at-risk children and adolescents. One probable pathway is identified that leads to borderline personality disorder; it begins with early vulnerability, expressed initially as impulsivity and followed by heightened emotional sensitivity. These vulnerabilities are potentiated across development by environmental risk factors that give rise to more extreme emotional, behavioral, and cognitive dysregulation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
20.
Our objective is spoken-language classification for helpdesk call routing using a scanning understanding and intelligent-system
techniques. In particular, we examine simple recurrent networks, support-vector machines and finite-state transducers for
their potential in this spoken-language-classification task and we describe an approach to classification of recorded operator-assistance
telephone utterances. The main contribution of the paper is a comparison of a variety of techniques in the domain of call
routing. Support-vector machines and transducers are shown to have some potential for spoken-language classification, but
the performance of the neural networks indicates that a simple recurrent network performs best for helpdesk call routing.
Sheila Garfield received a BSc (Hons) in computing from the University of Sunderland in 2000 where, as part of her programme of study, she
completed a project associated with aphasic language processing. She received her PhD from the same university, in 2004, for
a programme of work connected with hybrid intelligent systems and spoken-language processing. In her PhD thesis, she collaborated
with British Telecom and suggested a novel hybrid system for call routing. Her research interests are natural language processing,
hybrid systems, intelligent systems.
Stefan Wermter holds the Chair in Intelligent Systems and is leading the Intelligent Systems Division at the University of Sunderland, UK.
His research interests are intelligent systems, neural networks, cognitive neuroscience, hybrid systems, language processing
and learning robots. He has a diploma from the University of Dortmund, Germany, an MSc from the University of Massachusetts,
USA, and a PhD in habilitation from the University of Hamburg, Germany, all in Computer Science. He was a Research Scientist
at Berkeley, CA, before joining the University of Sunderland. Professor Wermter has written edited, or contributed to 8 books
and published about 80 articles on this research area. 相似文献