考虑流体压缩性的应力敏感油藏水平井稳定渗流模型

将水平井的渗流场划分为以水平井两端点为焦点的椭球体内部三维渗流和以椭圆柱状直井为中心的外部平面渗流,分别推导出内部渗流区域和外部渗流区域考虑流体压缩性和油层应力敏感性的渗流模型,再利用保角变换和等值渗流阻力法来整合内外部渗流,最终求得考虑流体压缩性和油层应力敏感性的水平井稳定渗流产能公式。与经典公式对比计算表明,该公式合理、可靠。考虑流体压缩性和油层应力敏感性,即α≠0时,水平井产量与生产压差不再呈线性关系;产量随CK的增大而减小,随Cρ的增大而增大;当储层的应力敏感性较强时,产量随生产压差增大而增加缓慢。     

氧化镓钠米带的制备研究

纳米带是继纳米线、纳米管之后,最新报道的又一种准一维纳米结构。文中介绍了Ga2O3纳米带制备的新方法。这种方法与首次报道的纳米带的生长方法有很大不同。用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对产物形貌进行了分析,纳米带宽约500nm,厚度约10nm,宽度/厚度比大于20。选区电子衍射（SAED）分析表明,产物是纯净的Ga2O3单晶。实验还发现了一些特殊形态的纳米结构,如纳米片等,证明了纳米带是一种常见并稳定存在的形态。最后,根据实验现象对纳米带的生长机制进行了初步的分析与讨论。     

表面处理对HfO_2栅介质MOS电容界面特性的影响

在溅射淀积HfO2栅介质之前,采用NO、N2O、O2+CHCCl3(TCE)进行表面预处理。结果表明,预处理能改善界面和近界面特性,减小界面层厚度,尤其是新颖的TCE+少量O2的表面处理工艺,能有效抑制界面层的生长,大大降低界面态密度,减小栅极漏电流。其机理在于TCE分解产生的Cl2和HCl能有效地钝化界面附近Si悬挂键和其它结构缺陷,并能去除离子污染。     

Uncertain programming models for portfolio selection with uncertain returns

In an indeterminacy economic environment, experts’ knowledge about the returns of securities consists of much uncertainty instead of randomness. This paper discusses portfolio selection problem in uncertain environment in which security returns cannot be well reflected by historical data, but can be evaluated by the experts. In the paper, returns of securities are assumed to be given by uncertain variables. According to various decision criteria, the portfolio selection problem in uncertain environment is formulated as expected-variance-chance model and chance-expected-variance model by using the uncertainty programming. Within the framework of uncertainty theory, for the convenience of solving the models, some crisp equivalents are discussed under different conditions. In addition, a hybrid intelligent algorithm is designed in the paper to provide a general method for solving the new models in general cases. At last, two numerical examples are provided to show the performance and applications of the models and algorithm.     

中空纤维膜分离的现状和进展

中空纤维膜作为一种特种纤维 ,近年来发展迅猛 ,其应用已渗透到各个领域。本文对其近十年的研制和应用进展作了回顾     

非典型数字化变电站电压切换技术方案分析

介绍一种非典型数字化变电站（110kV久长变）工程项目中电压切换技术实施遇到的问题,并提出相应的整改方案,同时进行方案评价。最后阐明了数字化变电站保护装置的电压切换技术方案设计应与其相应的电压互感器配置相配合,并应注重各数字化设备生产厂家之间的配合。     

仿壁虎机器人的步态设计与路径规划

对仿壁虎机器人的步态规划问题进行探讨,在观察分析大壁虎爬行方式的基础上,总结出1324、伪1324以及对角线三种步态,并简要介绍不同步态规划之间的区别,最终选择对角线步态作为仿壁虎机器人的爬行步态。在此基础上设计仿壁虎机器人的直线位移步态规划和原地转弯步态规划。针对仿壁虎机器人的单足路径规划,根据步态规划结果将每一条步行足的运动过程分为支撑相和摆动相两种状态,通过对路径约束条件的分析,用多项式逼近的方法分别得出仿壁虎机器人单足路径支撑相和摆动相的一般性表达式,为计算关节控制量提供相应的依据。最后结合实际研制的仿壁虎机器人对步态路径规划进行实例仿真分析,得出支撑相和摆动相的位移时间关系,证明用多项式逼近的方法生成的路径曲线具有良好的起落特性,为仿壁虎机器人的稳定姿态爬行移动控制提供了理论依据。     

GC-MS法分析蔬菜、水果、食用菌中嘧霉胺等4种农药残留及基质效应探讨

建立了GC-MS法同时测定蔬菜、水果、食用菌中嘧霉胺、氟虫腈、哒螨灵、苯醚甲环唑4种农药残留的方法。农药经过乙腈提取,NH2/Carbon复合固相萃取小柱净化,HP-5MS（30m×0.25mm×0.25μm）弹性石英毛细管柱分离后,用GC-MS选择离子模式进行测定及基质匹配标准溶液外标法校准。农药在0.10 mg/kg的添加水平时,4种农药的回收率为87.2%～108.7%,RSD（n=5）为2.2%～6.9%,检出限为2.6～14.9μg/kg。方法适用于蔬菜、水果、食用菌中多种农药残留的测定要求。     

Nanoflake Arrays of Lithiophilic Metal Oxides for the Ultra‐Stable Anodes of Lithium‐Metal Batteries

A molten lithium infusion strategy has been proposed to prepare stable Li‐metal anodes to overcome the serious issues associated with dendrite formation and infinite volume change during cycling of lithium‐metal batteries. Stable host materials with superior wettability of molten Li are the prerequisite. Here, it is demonstrated that a series of strong oxidizing metal oxides, including MnO₂, Co₃O₄, and SnO₂, show superior lithiophilicity due to their high chemical reactivity with Li. Composite lithium‐metal anodes fabricated via melt infusion of lithium into graphene foams decorated by these metal oxide nanoflake arrays successfully control the formation and growth of Li dendrites and alleviate volume change during cycling. A resulting Li‐Mn/graphene composite anode demonstrates a super‐long and stable lifetime for repeated Li plating/stripping of 800 cycles at 1 mA cm^?2 without voltage fluctuation, which is eight times longer than the normal lifespan of a bare Li foil under the same conditions. Furthermore, excellent rate capability and cyclability are realized in full‐cell batteries with Li‐Mn/graphene composite anodes and LiCoO₂ cathodes. These results show a major advancement in developing a stable Li anode for lithium‐metal batteries.     

串联质谱法检测洋葱中36种例行监测农药及其基质效应的探讨

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)同时测定洋葱中36种例行监测农药残留的方法。样品经过乙腈提取,异丙基键合硅胶+石墨化炭黑(NH2/Carbon)复合固相萃取小柱净化,以串联质谱作为检测器,多反应监测(MRM)模式进行测定。农药在0.020 mg/kg的添加水平时,采用基质后加标制定标准曲线校正,除甲胺磷、敌敌畏、乙酰甲胺磷、氧乐果外,农药的回收率为73.4%～110.0%,RSD(n=5)为2.8%～11.7%,检出限为0.2～11.1μg/kg。同时探讨了36种农药通过串联质谱法检测的基质效应情况,结果表明采用三种不同方式配制标准溶液,标准曲线斜率大小顺序为:洋葱基质后加标>洋葱基质前加标>试剂标样(正己烷:丙酮(9+1))。采用基质后加标,能节省标样配制时间,同时克服基质效应对校正结果的影响。