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91.
Kazuhiro Nagata Katsumi Ohira Hisao Yamada Kazuhiro S. Goto 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》1987,18(3):549-555
The velocity and absorption coefficient of longitudinal ultrasonic waves with 5 and 10 MHz in molten and glassy silicates
and borates have been measured by means of the pulse-echo method in 300 to 1600 K. The silicate and borate were Na2O−SiO2, K2O−SiO2, PbO−SiO2, Na2O−B2O3, and PbO−B2O3. The velocity of sound decreased with increasing temperature and decreased rapidly near the transition temperature of glasses.
The product of the one-third power of velocity of sound and the molar volume of the oxide melt was constant and independent
of temperature. The absorption coefficient of ultrasonic waves in the oxide melts increased with an increase in viscosity.
The absorption mechanisms of ultrasonic waves and the mean free path of phonons in the oxide melts were discussed. 相似文献
92.
T. Hamada R. Morimo A. Takada Y. Yamashita K. Nakayama K. Nagata T. Yuji 《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2000,100(1-3)
An experimental study has been carried out to investigate the synergistic effect of Ba4CuPt2O9 compounds on the critical current density of fluorine-doped YBCO superconductors. The Ba4CuPt2O9 compounds were synthesized by a solid state reaction. It was found that the synthesis temperature of the Ba4CuPt2O9 compounds was over 800°C, which was higher than that ever reported previously. In addition, the influence of Ba4CuPt2O9 compounds on the critical current density of YBCO superconductors has been investigated using two types of Ba4CuPt2O9 compounds: one is not heat-treated, i.e. source materials; and the other is heat-treated at 950°C. It was found that the former affected the orientation of the c-axes, but the latter did not have an influence on the orientation of the c-axes, but adversely affected the superconductivity of samples quenched at temperatures above 850°C. 相似文献
93.
Kittipan Pongmorakot Shoichi Nambu Toshihiko Koseki 《Science & Technology of Welding & Joining》2018,23(4):344-350
Solid-state bonding between ultralow-carbon steel and pure nickel was conducted by hot pressing with various compressive strain ranging from 5 to 15% and subsequent isothermal holding at 923?K. It was found that the interfacial strength of contact area is accounted for by the evolution of the intrinsic strength of the interface and the amount of plastic energy dissipation at the crack tip during interface fracture. The compression induces severe deformation around the interface and consequently inhibits the plastic energy dissipation during interface fracture. In the first stage of isothermal holding, the residual strain around the interface on the steel side is reduced by recovery process, which concurrently decreases in the yield stress of the area adjacent to the interface. This promotes plastic energy dissipation of the area, leading to a significant increase in interfacial strength in the first stage. 相似文献
94.
The concentration changes of the cyclic amino acid ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyridine carboxylic acid) in Brevibacterium sp. JCM 6894 cells subjected to an osmotic downshock were investigated. When the cells grown in the presence of 2 M NaCl were suspended in deionized water, they immediately released about 60% of the ectoine synthesized intracellularly. During the subsequent incubation, we observed that both the extra- and intracellular concentrations of ectoine were reduced almost linearly with the incubation time. When ectoine was provided externally to the downshocked cells, a similar reduction in both intra- and extracellular ectoine concentrations was recognized. In addition, we observed an increase in ectoine accumulation at about 10 h of incubation, which indicates that ectoine was taken up by such downshocked cells in the absence of external Na+. Furthermore, the downshocked cells showed higher levels of survival, respiration, and growth in the presence of ectoine than in its absence. The ability to take ectoine up was induced in the cells grown in the presence of >0.25 M NaCl for >12 h. Thus, we conclude that even under the lower osmotic condition ectoine might be taken up and subsequently utilized by strain JCM 6894 subjected to the osmotic downshock, indicating that the uptake of ectoine by such cells occurred for the survival and growth of the cell itself rather than for cellular osmoregulation. 相似文献
95.
96.
Shoichi Kikuchi Atsushi Sasago Jun Komotori 《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2009,209(20):6156-6160
In order to improve the wear resistance of martensitic stainless steel, a surface treatment system was developed that combines high-frequency induction heating (IH) with fine particle peening (FPP). In this system, a compressed air spray from the FPP nozzle rapidly cools the specimen surface, which is heated by the IH system. The specimen surface can be simultaneously modified by work hardening and quenching. Vickers hardness and retained austenite measurements were conducted to characterize the surface-modified layer generated by the developed process. Surface microstructures were also observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. The process created a surface with a high hardness and an extremely fine-grained microstructure. The fine-grained microstructure was generated by dynamic recrystallization. The process reduced the amount of retained austenite in the surface layer because it increased the precipitated chromium carbide content. Reciprocating sliding wear tests were conducted to evaluate the wear resistance of the surface. The specimen modified by the developed process exhibited higher wear resistance than specimens that had only been quenched. This implies that the developed simultaneous process can significantly improve the wear resistance of steel surfaces. 相似文献
97.
98.
Songhak Yoon Jürgen DornseifferYan Xiong Daniel GrünerZhijian Shen Shoichi Iwaya Christian PithanRainer Waser 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2011,31(5):773-782
BaTiO3-Cu composite powders were prepared via an alkoxide-mediated synthesis approach. As-synthesized BaTiO3 nanoparticles were as small as 40 nm and coated partially larger Cu particles of approximately 1 μm in size. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dilatometry revealed a gradual increase in weight loss and retarded shrinkage with the increase of Cu addition. BaTiO3-Cu composites were successfully densified by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The microstructures show an average grain-size for BaTiO3 of around 100 nm and a crystallite size of about 1 μm for the Cu inclusions. The AC conductivity of the BaTiO3-Cu composites increased with increasing Cu content or with temperature. The dominant electrical conduction mechanism in SPSed BaTiO3-Cu composites changed from migration of oxygen vacancies to band conduction of trapped electrons in oxygen vacancies with the increase of Cu content. 相似文献
99.
Yoshiro Nagata Eigo Shimizu Naoki Hibio Kumiko Ui-Tei 《International journal of molecular sciences》2013,14(6):11171-11189
Most of the intracellular endogenous microRNAs (endo-miRNAs) are considered to be saturated in Argonaute (Ago) proteins in the RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs). When exogenous miRNAs (exo-miRNAs) are introduced into cells, endo-miRNAs in the RISC may be replaced with exo-miRNAs or exo-miRNAs, and endo-miRNAs might also compete for the position in the newly synthesized RISC with each other. This would lead to the fluctuation of global gene expression not only by repression of exo-miRNA target gene expression, but also by the increase of the endo-miRNA target gene expression. In the present study, we quantified the changes in the expression levels of target genes of exo-miRNA and endo-miRNA in the cells transfected with fifteen different exo-miRNAs by microarray experiments. Different exo-miRNAs increased ratios of expression levels of target genes of a given endo-miRNA to different extents, suggesting that the replacement efficiencies might differ according to the exo-miRNA types. However, the increased ratios in the expression levels of each endo-miRNA target genes by the transfection of any particular exo-miRNA were mostly equivalent, suggesting that the endo-miRNAs present in the RISC might be replaced with excessive exo-miRNAs at similar levels, probably because they exist in single-stranded forms in the RISC. 相似文献
100.
Wakako Tsuzuki Shoichi Kobayashi Tateo Suzuki 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(4):535-538
Previously, we devised the efficient modification of lipase, which can be dissolved and still maintain its activity in organic
solvents. In this work, the fluorescence of the modified lipase could be detected in chloroform. When glycerides were added
to the modified lipase solution, the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of the modified lipase decreased, which suggests that
the environment of the tryptophan residue was affected by the substrate. The interaction between the modified lipase and glyceride
was studied kinetically in terms of fluorescence intensity of the tryptophan residue. Because glyceride is not subject to
hydrolysis in nonaqueous solution, the dissociation constant of the enzyme-substrate complex could be determined. Thus, insight
into the direct interaction between enzyme and substrate provided some structural information regarding the active site of
lipase. 相似文献