豆天蛾多糖CBP3结构初步研究

对豆天蛾多糖CBP3的结构进行表征,研究发现豆天蛾多糖CBP3的单糖组成是甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖,其摩尔比是27.89∶1∶3.16,不含核酸和蛋白质等杂质成分。综合IR、¹H-NMR、β-消去反应、KI-I₂反应,X-衍射、扫描电镜分析,推测豆天蛾多糖CBP3可能为含羧基的酸性多糖,具有较长的侧链和较多的分枝,可能含O-型糖肽键,以β-型吡喃环的形式存在。有少部分多糖以晶体形式存在,大部分为无定形物质。      

大孔吸附树脂纯化制备京尼平苷酸的研究

研究了大孔吸附树脂从栀子黄色素生产废液的京尼平苷碱水解液中纯化制备京尼平苷酸(GPA)的影响因素及工艺条件,比较了大孔吸附树脂对GPA的脱色、吸附及解吸附性能,确定了最佳制备工艺。结果表明,弱极性DA201树脂的脱色效果较好,且对GPA的吸附性差;非极性树脂DA201C对GPA的吸附率、解吸率较高,分别达到88.7%、98%。在树脂用量1 g/25 m L 10 mg/m L GPA粗提液稀释液、p H 4.0、25℃、120 r/min振荡6 h的条件下,DA201树脂的脱色率为85.9%,GPA保留率为92.3%。DA201C树脂高效吸附GPA的条件为10 mg/m L脱色液、p H3.0、上样速度1 BV/h、上样量7.2 BV。经25%乙醇溶液洗脱、干燥,制备的GPA纯度达到95.1%,回收率为86.2%。上述结果表明,在GPA的分离纯化中,DA201适用于脱色,DA201C适用于吸附和解吸。      

响应面法优化酶解马铃薯淀粉工艺

采用中温型α-淀粉酶对马铃薯淀粉进行水解,以马铃薯淀粉水解液的DE值为评价指标,在p H、酶解温度、酶解时间单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面法优化了马铃薯淀粉酶解工艺条件。结果表明:p H7.90,酶解温度62℃,酶解时间60 min,在此最优条件下酶解马铃薯淀粉的DE值达57.93%。      

响应面法优化牛骨制备骨多肽工艺的研究

以牛骨为原料,利用蛋白酶对牛骨水解进行单因素实验,在单因素基础上,根据中心组合实验设计原理运用响应面法,以水解度和多肽得率为响应值,得到最佳酶解条件为:酶解时间3.45 h,加酶量10500 U/g,底物浓度12%,温度45℃,p H7.5,此参数下水解度(DH)为14.29%,多肽得率69.76%,接近响应面预测值。结果表明,酶水解牛骨可以有效分解骨蛋白产生短链肽类,对牛骨蛋白利用以及开发活性肽有十分重要意义,为牛骨资源的精深加工提供实验依据。      

四川传统发酵肉中乳酸菌的分离及发酵特性研究

对四川传统发酵肉中乳酸菌进行分离鉴定,并对其发酵特性进行研究。以四川腊肉为研究对象,采用平板划线法对乳酸菌进行分离纯化,利用16S r DNA的序列测定技术对其鉴定,并对分离菌株在不同温度、p H、Na Cl浓度、亚硝酸盐浓度条件下的生长代谢、产酸能力进行研究,并对发酵产物中游离氨基酸进行测定分析。结果表明:筛选出的一株优势乳酸菌经分子生物学鉴定为戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus pentosaceus)。分离菌株对数生长期为6~18 h;最适发酵温度30℃,发酵p H5.5;对Na Cl及Na NO2耐受能力分别高达10%和150 mg/L;其代谢产物中共测出16种游离氨基酸,共包含5种人体必需氨基酸。      

PD-BertEDL: An Ensemble Deep Learning Method Using BERT and Multivariate Representation to Predict Peptide Detectability

Peptide detectability is defined as the probability of identifying a peptide from a mixture of standard samples, which is a key step in protein identification and analysis. Exploring effective methods for predicting peptide detectability is helpful for disease treatment and clinical research. However, most existing computational methods for predicting peptide detectability rely on a single information. With the increasing complexity of feature representation, it is necessary to explore the influence of multivariate information on peptide detectability. Thus, we propose an ensemble deep learning method, PD-BertEDL. Bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) is introduced to capture the context information of peptides. Context information, sequence information, and physicochemical information of peptides were combined to construct the multivariate feature space of peptides. We use different deep learning methods to capture the high-quality features of different categories of peptides information and use the average fusion strategy to integrate three model prediction results to solve the heterogeneity problem and to enhance the robustness and adaptability of the model. The experimental results show that PD-BertEDL is superior to the existing prediction methods, which can effectively predict peptide detectability and provide strong support for protein identification and quantitative analysis, as well as disease treatment.     

The Blocking of Integrin-Mediated Interactions with Maternal Endothelial Cells Reversed the Endothelial Cell Dysfunction Induced by EVs,Derived from Preeclamptic Placentae

Placental extracellular vesicles (EVs) have increasingly been recognized as a major mediator of feto-maternal communication. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the uptake of placental EVs by recipient cells are still not well-understood. We previously reported that placental EVs target a limited number of organs in vivo. In the current study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the uptake of placental EVs into target cells. Placental EVs were derived from explant cultures of normal or preeclamptic placentae. The mechanisms underlying the uptake of placental EVs were elucidated, using the phagocytosis or endocytosis inhibitor, trypsin-treatment or integrin-blocking peptides. The endothelial cell activation was studied using the monocyte adhesion assay after the preeclamptic EVs exposure, with and/or without treatment with the integrin blocking peptide, YIGSR. The cellular mechanism of the uptake of the placental EVs was time, concentration and energy-dependent and both the phagocytosis and endocytosis were involved in this process. Additionally, proteins on the surface of the placental EVs, including integrins, were involved in the EV uptake process. Furthermore, inhibiting the uptake of preeclamptic EVs with YIGSR, reduced the endothelial cell activation. The interaction between the placental EVs and the recipient cells is mediated by integrins, and the cellular uptake is mediated by a combination of both phagocytosis and endocytosis.     

二氧化氯处理含氰废水处理工艺浅析

用二步氯化氧化法处理含氰废水,各种氯化氧化剂比较选择的结果表明二氧化氯具有一系列优点。通过具体工程实例介绍二氧化氯处理含氰废水工艺流程设计、工艺参数、自动控制运行参数等。     

Synergistic Function between Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardant and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes towards Fire Safe Polystyrene Composites with Enhanced Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

As a universal polymer material, polystyrene (PS) is widely applied in electrical devices and construction. Thus, it is necessary to improve the flame retardancy and electromagnetic shielding properties of PS material. In this work, PS/silicon-wrapped ammonium polyphosphate/Inorganic acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites (PS/SiAPP/aMWCNT, abbreviated as PAC) were prepared via methods of filtration-induced assembly and hot-pressing. Morphology and structure characterization demonstrated that SiAPP and aMWCNT had good dispersion in PS and excellent compatibility with the PS matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the addition of aMWCNT to PS improved its thermal stability and carbon-forming characteristics. The peak heat release rate, the peak carbon monoxide production rate, and the peak smoke production rate of the PAC10 composite decreased by 53.7%, 41.9%, and 45.5%, respectively, while its electromagnetic shielding effectiveness reached 12 dB. These enhancements were attributed to the reason that SiAPP and aMWCNT synergistically catalyzed the char generation and SiAPP produced free radical scavengers and numbers of incombustible gases, which could decrease the oxygen concentration and retard the combustion reaction. Therefore, the assembled PS/SiAPP/aMWCNT system provides a new pathway to improve the flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding properties of PS.