Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with low density, high porosity, and easy tunability of functionality and structural properties, represent potential candidates for use as semiconductor materials. The rapid development of the semiconductor industry and the continuous miniaturization of feature sizes of integrated circuits toward the nanometer (nm) scale require novel semiconductor materials instead of traditional materials like silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide etc. MOFs with advantageous properties of both the inorganic and the organic components promise to serve as the next generation of semiconductor materials for the microelectronics industry with the potential to be extremely stable, cheap, and mechanically flexible. Here, a perspective of recent research is provided, regarding the semiconducting properties of MOFs, bandgap studies, and their potential in microelectronic devices. 相似文献
With a view to gaining an in-depth assessment of the response of particleboards (PBs) to different in-service loading conditions, samples of high-density homogeneous PBs of sugarcane bagasse and castor oil polyurethane resin were manufactured and subjected to low velocity impacts using an instrumented drop weight impact tower and four different energy levels, namely 5, 10, 20 and 30 J. The prediction of the damage modes was assessed using Comsol Multiphysics\(^\circledR .\) In particular, the random distribution of the fibres and their lengths were reproduced through a robust model. The experimentally obtained dent depths due to the impactor were compared with the ones numerically simulated showing good agreement. The post-impact damage was evaluated by a simultaneous system of image acquisitions coming from two different sensors. In particular, thermograms were recorded during the heating up and cooling down phases, while the specklegrams were gathered one at room temperature (as reference) and the remaining during the cooling down phase. On one hand, the specklegrams were processed via a new software package named Ncorr v.1.2, which is an open-source subset-based 2D digital image correlation (DIC) package that combines modern DIC algorithms proposed in the literature with additional enhancements. On the other hand, the thermographic results linked to a square pulse were compared with those coming from the laser line thermography technique that heats a line-region on the surface of the sample instead of a spot. Surprisingly, both the vibrothermography and the line scanning thermography methods coupled with a robotized system show substantial advantages in the defect detection around the impacted zone. 相似文献
The future generation of wireless communications systems uses the generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) due to its viable candidate waveform to perform multiple user scheduling. It is a non-orthogonal waveform susceptible to intercarrier and intersymbol interference (ISI); still, it offers flexible pulse shaping that enhances the efficiency of user scheduling. Here, to accomplish spatial diversity, the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is incorporated with GFDM to enhance the performance; there is also an extra inter-antenna interference problem that limits the model's performance. The issue concerning inter-antenna interference can be resolved by adopting pilot-based information transfer. The detection of a signal at the receiver based on the minimum mean square error has the issue of computational complexity while enhancing the estimation quality of a detector. Hence, a low-complexity channel estimation technique is proposed in this research using the V-degree polynomial-based channel estimation technique, wherein the cubic order computation is reduced to square order. Also, the proposed adaptive pulse shaping technique, wherein the filter coefficient is optimized using the gazelle optimization algorithm (GOA) to provide optimal pulse shaping filter parameters by employing bit error rate (BER) as the objective function. The performance of a proposed V-degree polynomial-based channel estimation is analyzed based on various assessment measures like BER and MSE and acquired the minimal values of 5.75E-05 and 2.07E-05, respectively. 相似文献
Eight miso products sold in supermarket were purchased from Japan and analyzed for the determination of biogenic amines (BAs). Quantitative
determination of BAs in miso products was carried out by means of HPLC with spectrophotometric UV-VIS detector. The amines were extracted in acid aqueous
solution (HClO4) and then derivatized by dansyl chloride. The levels of pH in the tested miso samples were ranged from 4.8–5.5. The BAs (tryptamine, 2-phenyl ethylamine, putrescine, cadaverine, agmatine, tyramine, and
spermidine) determined in 8 miso samples were found in their respective range of ND-0.13, ND-4.20, ND-1.29, ND-0.87, ND-0.90, ND-4.19, and ND-3.57 mg%. None
of the miso samples contained histamine and spermine, the major BAs of food poisoning. 相似文献
Thin anatase TiO2 nanoleaves (NLs) with high surface area (∼93 m2/g) are synthesized by hydrothermal route and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) made using such NLs are compared with those made with hydro-thermally synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles and the Degussa P25 powder. The NLs-based DSSCs show increment of 16% and 24% in the total conversion efficiency over the cells made with NPs and P25 respectively. Interestingly, the highest increment in the conversion efficiency (∼35%) is achieved for cells made using a 50:50 (wt/wt) mixture of NLs and NPs. In this case the dye loading is found to be >50% higher than the case of NP films. Moreover the DC resistance of diffusion of in electrolyte (as revealed by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) is substantially lower than the NP film case, other cell parameters being nominally comparable. 相似文献
Objective: The objective of the current study was to establish the use of PyroButton data-logging device to monitor and quantify the thermodynamic environment (temperature and humidity) of a pan coating process.
Material and methods: PyroButtons were placed (fixed) at various locations in a pan coater, including exhaust plenum, spray-gun bar, baffles and were also allowed to freely move with the tablet-bed. A full factorial design of experiments (DOE) study on three process parameters, exhaust temperature, pan speed and spray rate was conducted on a 24 inch pan coater, using a coating system and a core tablet combination expected to have a narrow process operating space.
Results: It was shown that the PyroButtons can provide a detailed and useful signature of the coating process. PyroButton data showed that the tablet-bed temperature was always lower than exhaust temperature and that the difference was a function of the operating conditions such as spray rate. Similarly, the tablet-bed humidity was found to always be higher than exhaust humidity. Some of the DOE batches showed coating defects (logo-bridging). It was shown that the relative humidity (RH), as measured by the freely-moving PyroButtons in the tablet-bed, correlated well with the logo-bridging events. A critical RH value (30%) was established, above which logo-bridging was observed for the selected formulation.
Conclusions: This study showed that PyroButtons can provide very meaningful micro-environmental data that can be correlated to coating defects, and can aid in establishing a process design space for a given coating and tablet formulation. 相似文献
Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) transparent conducting films were deposited on sapphire (0001) substrates using dual ion beam sputtering deposition system. The impact of growth temperature on the structural, morphological, elemental, optical, and electrical properties was thoroughly investigated and reported. X-ray diffraction measurements explicitly confirmed that all GZO films had (002) preferred crystal orientation. The film deposited at 400 °C exhibited the narrowest full-width at half-maximum value of 0.24° for (002) crystalline plane and the lowest room temperature electrical resistivity of 4.11 × 10?3 Ω cm. The Raman spectra demonstrated the vibrational modes at 576 and 650–670 cm?1, associated with native oxygen vacancies and elemental Ga doping in ZnO lattice, respectively. All doped films showed an overall transmittance of above 95 % in the visible spectra. A correlation between structural, optical, elemental, and electrical properties with GZO growth temperature was established. 相似文献
This study was aimed to produce a polyclonal antibody against Salmonella Typhimurium and to develop a liposome-based immunoassay to validate its detection. Formalin-killed cells of S. Typhimurium were subcutaneously injected as an antigen into rabbit to produce antibody. The optimum production of rabbit
anti-Salmonella immunoglobulin G (anti-Salmonella IgG) antibody was reached to the highest level on 8 week. Purification of rabbit anti-Salmonella IgG from immunized rabbit sera was accomplished using caprylic acid and ammonium sulfate precipitation method. The purified
anti-Salmonella IgG was used to conjugate with liposome to prepare anti-Salmonella IgG-tagged liposome (immunoliposome). Finally, an improved immunoassay method was developed using the immunoliposome for
the detection of S. Typhimurium. As a result, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis produced two bands around 25 and 51 kDa,
corresponding to a light and a heavy chain, respectively. The immunoliposome was successfully developed for the detection
of S. Typhimurium in a 96-well microtiter plate, using purified anti-Salmonella IgG antibody. The improved technique was able to detect 103 cells/mL of Salmonellas. In the future, even better detection may be achieved by using this immunoliposome with some modifications
or other detection methods. 相似文献
We investigated retailer compliance with point-of-sale display legislation, using a New Zealand region as a case study. An observational survey was conducted of nonspecialist tobacco retailers in the lower North Island of New Zealand during 2006. Compliance was assessed in relation to store type (dairies, convenience stores, supermarkets, and service stations) and by characteristics of the population of the census area unit in which the store was situated. These characteristics include the level of socioeconomic deprivation and proportions of Maori (indigenous New Zealanders), Pacific Islanders, and children aged less than 19 years. Out of the 288 stores surveyed, 185 (64%) had at least one breach of the point-of-sale regulations. The most common breaches were a failure to display a "Smoking Kills" sign, visibility of tobacco from outside the premises, and displaying tobacco less than 1 m from children's products. Compliance was significantly worse in dairies (small local general stores) and convenience stores. Stores situated in areas in the top quartile for the proportion of children were much more likely to have high levels of noncompliance (> or =3 breaches) and to display tobacco products close to children's products. This study is one of very few to systematically investigate retailer compliance with point-of-sale display regulations for tobacco products. The results suggest that the implementation of legislation to partly limit retail displays of tobacco products can be difficult. A ban on retail displays of tobacco products is likely to be a more effective and enforceable policy. 相似文献