锦屏一级拱坝黏弹性工作性态反演分析

针对锦屏一级拱坝历年1 880 m高水位稳定期坝体向下游侧位移持续增大的异常变形性态,基于现场位移监测数据和坝体混凝土徐变试验数据,对该拱坝当前运行性态进行了反演分析。结果表明:坝体目前处于黏弹性工作状态,监测发现的短期趋势性变形是由水压荷载作用下黏弹性滞后变形效应和年周期环境温降效应所共同引起。混凝土黏弹性力学参数之间具有较好的线性关系,基于弹性水压分量反演得到的坝体混凝土弹性模量实际是瞬时弹性模量与延迟弹性模量的等效值,对于锦屏一级拱坝,该反演值为35.5 GPa,与前期反演值和试验值较为接近;而基于黏弹性水压分量反演得到的广义Kelvin模型中瞬时弹性模量、2延迟弹性模量和2黏滞系数分别为47.3 GPa、189.4 GPa、132.3 GPa、383.8 GPa·d和20 574.6 GPa·d。建议今后对锦屏一级拱坝建立变形监控模型时,应在HST模型中引入黏弹性滞后水压分量。     

贵州地区粉煤灰种类对长龄期砂浆力学性能与孔隙率的影响

为了区别不同电厂Ⅱ级粉煤灰对长龄期砂浆性能的影响作用,采用贵州地区常见的4种粉煤灰（鸭溪、大方、六盘水和都匀Ⅱ级粉煤灰）,探索各粉煤灰对长龄期砂浆力学性能、孔隙率、吸水率和微观形貌的影响。结果表明：粉煤灰等质量替代水泥后,有利于提高长龄期砂浆的抗折强度和抗压强度,最大分别增大了94.6%和52.1%（鸭溪）、71.6%和49.5%（大方）,100.0%和92.0%（六盘水）以及51.8%和47.6%（都匀）;粉煤灰的掺量越大,砂浆的抗折强度和抗压强度的增加速率越大,孔隙率的降低幅度越大,分别为29.7%（六盘水）、40.0%(鸭溪)、28.7%（都匀）和34.9%（大方）,同时,4种粉煤灰砂浆的最大吸水率分别降低了21.6%（六盘水）、44.0%(都匀)、39.8%（鸭溪）和38.9%（大方）;综合分析发现,养护1 000 d后,粉煤灰仍主要发挥填充作用和火山灰效应,其中活性较低的粉煤灰仍以填充作用为主。     

基于手势的交互式三维场景并行光线跟踪绘制研究

利用光线跟踪可以绘制出高质量的真实感场景画面,但计算量很大,难以实现实时交互式绘制.为此,三维真实感场景的实时交互式绘制往往需要用到集群,但集群的绘制速度是由绘制速度最慢的节点决定的,如果节点之间的任务没有被划分均匀,集群的绘制效率就会下降.为了满足实时交互式绘制的要求、提高集群的绘制效率,设计了在粗粒度和细粒度两个层次上同时实现并行计算的集群绘制系统,并针对集群的负载均衡问题提出了基于像素递归深度的负载均衡方法.该方法首先统计出每个像素的递归深度从而得到整个场景的递归深度图,然后对上一帧按递归深度进行均衡划分.根据连续两帧所对应的场景具有的时空相关性,上一帧的划分结果可作为下一帧划分的依据.本算法的优势在于能够快速实现三维动态场景下的集群负载均衡.实验表明,该集群绘制系统可以高效地实现基于Kinect的实时交互式绘制.     

黄酒类黑精的提取、成分及光谱特性研究

为进一步揭示黄酒的褐变机理,将不同年份黄酒进行乙醇丙酮分级沉淀、超滤、冷冻干燥,分别得到3个类黑精组分(MWCO1 000),对其总氮含量、总糖含量、骨架肽段氨基酸组成、UVVis和FT-IR吸收光谱进行了研究。结果表明:黄酒陈化过程中,类黑精的总氮含量增加,总糖含量减少,说明游离氨基酸等氨基化合物逐渐参与类黑精形成,糖类参与生成羰基或二羰基中间体,并进一步与蛋白质骨架结合形成类黑精;其骨架肽段氨基酸组成的变化表明脯氨酸最具类黑精形成活性;其UV-Vis光谱呈现典型的"尾巴模式",紫外区有强吸收,吸光度随波长增大而逐渐减小;FT-IR光谱表明黄酒类黑精存在显著的酰胺Ⅰ带和糖类特征吸收带,酰胺Ⅱ带及Ⅲ带几乎消失表明其肽段骨架因Maillard反应改变了部分结构。     

Collapse mechanism of deep tunnels with three-centered arch cross section

The possible collapse of different circumstances is derived with the help of the limit analysis theory.Analytical equations related to collapsing mechanisms in deep tunnel with smooth three-centered arc cross sections are derived on the basis of Hoek-Brown failure criterion and upper bound limit analysis.The pore water pressure is considered in the analysis,as a work rate of external force.Numerical results about the shape of detaching curve and the weight of collapsing block per unit length corresponding to different parameters are obtained with the help of mathematical software.The shapes of collapsing block are drawn with respected to different parameters.Furthermore,the effects of different parameters on the shape of detaching curve and the weight of the collapsing block are discussed.     

Rigid-Flexible Coupling Dynamic Analysis of Sub-Launched Vehicle During the Vertical Tube-Exit Stage

During the launching stage,hydrodynamic pressure and adapters’ reaction loads can influence the vehicle’s rigid motion as well as cause its structural vibration,which is a typical rigid-flexible coupling dynamic problem. This paper presents a 2-D rigid-flexible coupling model to calculate the vehicle’s dynamic responses in that period.The vehicle was equivalent to a flexure beam with axial deformation. Hybrid coordinate and modal superposition methods were used to describe its large rigid displacement and small deformation. By the second Lagrange equation,the vehicle centroid’s displacements,rotational angle and modal coordinates were chosen as generalized coordinates and then the vehicle ’s rigid-flexible coupling dynamic equations were obtained. By numerical simulation,the results of vehicle’s motion parameters and transverse internal loads were acquired.The calculation results showed that differences of the vehicle’s motion parameters between the rigid-flexible coupling model and the rigid body assumption are noticeable and the peak magnitude of the vehicle’s transverse internal loads in the rigid-flexible coupling model is higher remarkably than that in the rigid body assumption.     

Modal Identification of Linear Time-varying Systems Using Continuous Wavelet Transform

A wavelet based identification method for linear time-varying systems is presented,and the ridge and skeleton of the continuous wavelet transform of free response is used to extract time-varying parameters. The stiffness and damping coefficients of single-degree-of—freedom systems,frequencies and damping ratios of multi-degree-of-freedom systems are estimated without any prior information of systems. The proposed method is applied to linear time-varying systems with both abrupt and smooth variation parameters. Gaussian white noise is added to the response to test the anti-noise performance of the algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed method is capable of accurately tracking the variation of the systems.     

发电企业与电网企业上网电价的博弈

借助博弈理论,以社会效益的最大化和新能源发电企业的可持续发展为目标,建立了一种发电企业和电网企业在不完全信息条件下对于上网电价的贝叶斯博弈,确定了上网电价的定价策略,通过测算分析,验证了模型的适用性.     

双层聚类模型在日志数据分析中的应用

提出了一种基于自组织特征映射(SOM)神经网络和模糊c-均值(FCM)的双层聚类方法,对Web日志中的日志数据集进行聚类.第一层是无监督SOM神经网络聚类方法,它所产生的类的个数大大减少了原始数据集的个数,降低了FCM对类初始中心点的依赖;然后利用FCM聚类算法的优势对第一层中产生的类的中心点进行聚类,从而大大减少了聚类的时间复杂度;最后通过平行坐标技术可视化展示聚类前后的日志数据集,方便对日志数据进行分析.     

基围虾冻藏过程中的品质变化

通过测定基围虾不同冻藏时间点(0、1、3、5、7周)质构、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性、脂肪氧化、脂肪酸组成、风味及鲜度的变化,探究了对虾冻藏过程中品质变化的机理。结果表明,随着冻藏时间的延长,基围虾的黏附性逐渐增加,弹性、硬度、咀嚼性显著下降。PPO活性呈现先升后降的趋势。基围虾冻藏过程中脂肪氧化水平(TBARS)不断增加,饱和脂肪酸显著增加,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)显著降低。基围虾冻藏过程中共检测出50多种挥发性风味物质,其中醇类和芳香族化合物含量降低,醛、酮及含氮化合物的含量增加。由ATP、ADP、AMP和HxR及Hx等鲜度指标的测定结果可知,基围虾冻藏7周后仍比较新鲜。虽然基围虾在冻藏过程中品质和营养价值降低,但仍较新鲜。