Gunn-effect high-speed carry finding device for 8 bit binary adder

A high-speed carry finding device consisting of seven inhibitors, each an integrated Schottky electrode-triggered Gunn device and an m.e.s.f.e.t., was fabricated monolithically. The device could find and store carry signals of all digits in 330 ps at the worst logic case. The anode-voltage margin was 11%     

Performance/Reliability Measures for Fault-Tolerant Computing Systems

Some fault-tolerant computing systems are discussed and existing reliability measures are explained. Some performance/reliability measures are introduced. Several systems are compared by using numerical examples with the new measures.     

s-Shaped Software Reliability Growth Models and Their Applications

The s-shaped growth curves of detected software errors can be observed in software testing. The delayed s-shaped and inflection s-shaped software reliability growth models based on a nonhomogeneous Poisson process are discussed. The software reliability growth types of the models are investigated in terms of the error detection rate per error. In addition, a viable method for the software quality assessment, which integrates the capture-recapture method and the models above, is discussed, and its application to actual test data is illustrated.     

A biosensor in the time domain based on the diffusion coefficient measurement: intermolecular interaction of an intermediate of photoactive yellow protein

A new type of biosensor is presented for the first time. This method is based on the diffusion measurement in the time domain by the transient grating method. As the first demonstration of this new method, various intermolecular interactions with a reaction intermediate of photoactive yellow protein, such as the protein-protein interaction, protein-DNA interaction, and protein-small molecule binding are detected. The characteristic advantages and limitations are summarized.     

Reliability Analysis of a Two-Unit Standby-Redundant System with Preventive Maintenance

We consider a standby-redundant model of two units, where we assume that one unit is operative and the other unit is in standby at time t = 0. If the operative unit fails, a unit in standby is put into preventive maintenance policy of the operative unit to maintain our the preventive maintenance policy of the operative unit to maintain our system with high reliability. Our concern for the system is the time to the first system-down. The Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the time distribution to the first system-down and the mean time to the first system-down are derived by applying the relationship between Markov renewal processes and signal flow graph. Further, the behavior after the system-down is investigated by using the results of Markov renewal processes. Finally, numerical examples are presented for the k-Erlang failure time distributions. The optimal preventive maintenance time is discussed.     

Dependence of transverse spreading velocity of a high-field domain in a GaAs bulk element on the bias electric field

The transverse spreading velocity of a high-field domain, triggered by a pair of capacitive electrodes at the middle of a planar-type GaAs bulk element, was measured as a function of the bias electric field. The results show that the velocity increases from about 108 to 109 cm/s with an increase of the bias electric field from 2.8 to 3.15 kV/cm.     

Optimum Ordering Policies with Lead Time for an Operating Unit in Preventive Maintenance

An ordering policy allows a spare, delivered after a constant lead time, to be put into inventory. Under certain conditions there exists a finite and unique ordering policy maximizing the cost effectiveness, which balances the system effectiveness and the cost and is defined as [s-availability]/[s-expected cost rate].     

Combining Drift and Catastrophic Failure Modes

A failure model with degradation and catastrophic modes is briefly discussed and some general equations are shown.     

On a Two-Unit Standby-Redundant System with Imperfect Switchover

A standby-redundant repairable system having only two units and an imperfect switchover is considered. The Lapace-Stieltjes transform of the distribution of the time to first system faflure (TFSF) and the mean TFSF are derived. Numerical comparisons of the mean TFSF with both perfect and imperfect switching are made. All time distributions, except repair of the main units, are exponential.