全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2466篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
综合类 | 2篇 |
化学工业 | 4篇 |
金属工艺 | 1篇 |
机械仪表 | 1篇 |
建筑科学 | 7篇 |
能源动力 | 3篇 |
轻工业 | 4篇 |
水利工程 | 1篇 |
石油天然气 | 1篇 |
一般工业技术 | 12篇 |
冶金工业 | 2430篇 |
自动化技术 | 3篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 1篇 |
2014年 | 1篇 |
2012年 | 3篇 |
2011年 | 1篇 |
2009年 | 2篇 |
2008年 | 3篇 |
2007年 | 2篇 |
2004年 | 2篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 72篇 |
1998年 | 747篇 |
1997年 | 416篇 |
1996年 | 301篇 |
1995年 | 148篇 |
1994年 | 128篇 |
1993年 | 143篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 25篇 |
1989年 | 21篇 |
1988年 | 22篇 |
1987年 | 21篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 14篇 |
1980年 | 23篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 63篇 |
1976年 | 176篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
1964年 | 3篇 |
1963年 | 1篇 |
1960年 | 1篇 |
1955年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有2469条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
11.
BACKGROUND: FRTL-5 thyroid cells are a cell line extensively used for the investigation of thyroid functions. Activation of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors stimulates both arachidonic acid (AA) release and cytosolic Ca2+ increase in this cell line. Cytosolic Ca2+ and arachidonic acid are known to be important second messengers regulating a variety of thyroid functions. The generation of these messengers is regulated primarily by two different types of phospholipases, phospholipase C (PLC) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2). METHODS: Norepinephrine (NE, 10 mumol/L) was used as an alpha-1 adrenergic activator, and cytosolic-free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was determined using the fluorescent dye indo-1. Arachidonic acid release was measured as an indicator of PLA2 activation, and protein kinase C (PKC) activity determination and isoforms identification were performed using commercial kits. RESULTS: Norepinephrine increased [Ca2+]i and AA release. Prevention of NE-induced cytosolic Ca2+ influx, either by removal of extracellular Ca2+ or by use of Ca2+ channel blockers, NiCl2 or CoCl2, inhibited AA generation entirely. Inhibition of NE-induced increase in [Ca2+]i by the Ca2+ chelator, 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA), also significantly suppressed NE-induced AA release. Inhibition of PKC activity by PKC inhibitors (H-7 or staurosporine) or downregulation induced by prolonged treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or thyleametoxin (TX) significantly blocked the NE-induced AA release, which indicates PKC is involved in mediating NE-induced AA release. Protein kinase C activity measurement indicated that NE induced an activation of PKC in 5 minutes. To further characterize the role of PKC or Ca2+ in regulation of AA release, we identified PKC isoforms by immunoblotting with specific antibodies against 8 different Protein kinase C isoforms. PKC-alpha, -beta I, -beta II, -gamma, delta, -epsilon, -zeta, and -eta isoforms were identified. Norepinephrine induced translocation of PKC-alpha, -beta I, -beta II, -gamma, -delta, and -epsilon isoforms but not -zeta and -eta from cytosol to membrane. Chelation of intracellular Ca2+, prevention of Ca2+ influx, or prolonged treatment with thymeleatoxin (TX) completely blocked the NE-induced translocation of PKC-alpha. CONCLUSIONS: These results, taken together with data obtained from AA experiments, suggest that PKC plays a critical role in alpha-1 adrenergic receptor mediated PLA2 activation and subsequent AA release. Extracellular Ca2+ influx is a prerequisite for both PKC-alpha translocation and AA release. Whether Ca2+ acts directly upon the PLA2, or via PKC-alpha, to regulate AA generation is an intriguing question that remains to be clarified. 相似文献
12.
JG Mulder 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,14(12):1052-1056
Eight hundred and ninety-two strains of Staphylococcus species were identified by means of desferrioxamine susceptibility and fermentation results of three carbohydrates, with the API Staph system (bioMérieux, France) as reference method. No identification could be obtained for 34 strains with API Staph. Of the remaining 858 strains, identical identification was obtained with 842 (98.1%). All 707 strains identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis or Staphylococcus hominis by the API Staph system were found to be desferrioxamine susceptible, and all but 5 (3.3%) of 151 strains identified as other staphylococcal species were found to be resistant, yielding an identification correlation of 99.4% for desferrioxamine. The five additional strains which were susceptible to desferrioxamine were identified as Staphylococcus capitis (2 strains), Staphylococcus lugdunensis (2 strains), and Staphylococcus warneri (1 strain) by API Staph, and as Staphylococcus epidermidis (1 strain), Staphylococcus hominis (3 strains), and one other staphylococcal species by the experimental system. 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
SA Syed KS Zahir JR Zink O Saglaam RJ Restifo JG Thomson 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,38(4):396-403
Reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of previously extinguished nicotine-taking behavior were examined in rats. Male subjects were trained to self-administer nicotine (30 microg/kg per infusion, IV; one 60-min session per day for 3 weeks). Extinction sessions were then given for 5-10 days during which saline was substituted for nicotine. Subsequently, in the first set of tests for nicotine seeking, the reinstatement of lever presses that previously delivered nicotine was examined after priming injections of saline and nicotine (75, 150 and 300 microg/kg, SC; and 30 and 60 microg/kg, IV). In the second set of tests for nicotine-seeking, rats were tested after an additional 21-day drug-free period during which they were not exposed to the self-administration chambers (a test for the spontaneous recovery of drug seeking), and after priming injections of nicotine (150 and 300 microg/kg, SC). Reinstatement of extinguished food-reinforced behavior after exposure to nicotine was also determined. Priming injections of nicotine reinstated nicotine seeking regardless of the route of administration. In addition, previously extinguished nicotine seeking recovered spontaneously after a 21-day period during which rats were not exposed to the drug-taking environment. Nicotine also reinstated extinguished food-reinforced behavior in rats with a history of nicotine self-administration, but not in drug-naive rats. The present results extend previous work with opioid and stimulant drugs on reinstatement of drug seeking by the self-administered drug. It also appears that, as with other positive reinforcers, the mere passage of time is a sufficient condition for the spontaneous recovery of extinguished nicotine seeking. 相似文献
16.
17.
Recurrent hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid autografts: incidence, presentation, and management
Recurrent hyperparathyroidism (HPT) occurs in a small percentage of patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for primary HPT and is usually due to inadequate excision of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue in the neck, a missed ectopic and hyperplastic parathyroid, or, less commonly, parathyroid carcinoma and parathyroid autografts. In order to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcome of patients with recurrent HPT due to parathyroid autografts, we reviewed our experience with 604 consecutive patients operated on for primary HPT between 1965 and 1989. One hundred of these patients received parathyroid autografts consisting of portions of one or more parathyroid glands. Three patients with autografts, placed in the sternocleidomastoid muscle, developed recurrent HPT due to their autografts for an incidence of 3 per cent. Recurrent disease was diagnosed between 62 and 113 months with an average of 89 months. The autotransplants in all three of these patients were from hyperplastic or adenomatous parathyroid tissue. Two patients had a history of neck irradiation. Preoperative thallium scans accurately localized the hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue in all three patients. At operation, the hyperfunctioning autografts had grown into a discrete mass with a single vascular pedicle and were resected. Histologic examination disclosed either hyperplastic or adenomatous tissue, and corresponded to the histology and location of the original tissue transplanted in each case. Follow-up ranges from 12 to 67 months, with an average of 48 months. All patients remain cured and none require oral calcium supplementation. We conclude that graft-dependent recurrent HPT is due to the autotransplantation of hyperplastic or adenomatous parathyroid tissue and that thallium scanning is instrumental for diagnosis and localization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
18.
19.
Tim Baines Stephen Mason Peer-Olaf Siebers John Ladbrook 《Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory》2004,12(7-8):515
Computer based discrete event simulation (DES) is one of the most commonly used aids for the design of automotive manufacturing systems. However, DES tools represent machines in extensive detail, while only representing workers as simple resources. This presents a problem when modelling systems with a highly manual work content, such as an assembly line. This paper describes research at Cranfield University, in collaboration with the Ford Motor Company, founded on the assumption that human variation is the cause of a large percentage of the disparity between simulation predictions and real world performance. The research aims to improve the accuracy and reliability of simulation prediction by including models of human factors. 相似文献
20.
JG Amar 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,54(20):14742-14753