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11.
We describe methods for the production of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes and the utilization of these probes for the detection of complementary DNA sequences with accuracy and sensitivity for application in both basic research and clinical diagnosis. Due to the frequent use of FISH in many laboratories, it is important to apply the most convenient and reproducible approach. This review describes some of the most recent techniques, and includes versatile, effective and simple methods of probe production and fluorescence in situ hybridization. We also describe methods for the production of region-specific and chromosome-specific DNA probes and hybridization techniques for the visualization of these probes. 相似文献
12.
Aman Singh Jaydip Chandrakant Mehta Divya Anand Pinku Nath Babita Pandey Aditya Khamparia 《Expert Systems》2021,38(1)
In real world, the automatic detection of liver disease is a challenging problem among medical practitioners. The intent of this work is to propose an intelligent hybrid approach for the diagnosis of hepatitis disease. The diagnosis is performed with the combination of k‐means clustering and improved ensemble‐driven learning. To avoid clinical experience and to reduce the evaluation time, ensemble learning is deployed, which constructs a set of hypotheses by using multiple learners to solve a liver disease problem. The performance analysis of the proposed integrated hybrid system is compared in terms of accuracy, true positive rate, precision, f‐measure, kappa statistic, mean absolute error, and root mean squared error. Simulation results showed that the enhanced k‐means clustering and improved ensemble learning with enhanced adaptive boosting, bagged decision tree, and J48 decision tree‐based intelligent hybrid approach achieved better prediction outcomes than other existing individual and integrated methods. 相似文献
13.
Binod Chandra Tripathy Mausumi Sen Soumitra Nath 《Soft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications》2012,16(6):1021-1027
In this article we introduce the notion of I-Cauchy sequence and I-convergent sequence in probabilistic n-normed space. The concept of I*-Cauchy sequence and I*-convergence in probabilistic n-normed space are also introduced and some of their properties related to these notions have been established. 相似文献
14.
A suspension of mica particles (40m diameter and 3.7 thick) obtained in a mechanically stirred Al-4 wt % Cu-1.5 wt % Mg melt was poured and solidified in a variety of moulds under different heat flow configurations. The resulting cast structure showed a non-uniform distribution of dispersed mica particles with mica-depleted and segregated zones due to their flotation before and during solidification. The experimentally observed profiles of mica-free regions deviate significantly from those computed on the basis of Stokes's law and freezing-time computations. In relatively thick castings, segregation of mica could be minimized by using low pouring temperatures and/or side as well as bottom chilling. It was found, however, that thin castings (12.5 mm) could easily be produced with a homogeneous distribution of mica particles. 相似文献
15.
Sanjeev Chawla Vanessa Shehu Pradeep K. Gupta Kavindra Nath Harish Poptani 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(8)
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor in adults, with a dismal prognosis despite aggressive multi-modal therapy. Immunotherapy is currently being evaluated as an alternate treatment modality for recurrent GBMs in clinical trials. These immunotherapeutic approaches harness the patient’s immune response to fight and eliminate tumor cells. Standard MR imaging is not adequate for response assessment to immunotherapy in GBM patients even after using refined response assessment criteria secondary to amplified immune response. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of effective and alternative neuroimaging techniques for accurate response assessment. To this end, some groups have reported the potential of diffusion and perfusion MR imaging and amino acid-based positron emission tomography techniques in evaluating treatment response to different immunotherapeutic regimens in GBMs. The main goal of these techniques is to provide definitive metrics of treatment response at earlier time points for making informed decisions on future therapeutic interventions. This review provides an overview of available immunotherapeutic approaches used to treat GBMs. It discusses the limitations of conventional imaging and potential utilities of physiologic imaging techniques in the response assessment to immunotherapies. It also describes challenges associated with these imaging methods and potential solutions to avoid them. 相似文献
16.
In large antenna arrays, the possibility of occurrence of faults in some of the radiating elements cannot be precluded at all times. In such situations, the radiation pattern of the array gets distorted, mostly with an increase in sidelobe level and decrease in gain. Although it is not possible to restore the pattern fully by rearranging the excitations of the functioning elements, compensation methods have been reported in the literature for restoring one performance parameter of the array and making a trade‐off on some other parameter. In this article, we have made a study on the tolerance level of this compensation process. One part of the study deals with the thinning in the failed array, that is, to find a limit on the minimum number of functioning elements of the array that can restore the digital beamforming of the failed array. The second part of study deals with finding the maximum number of element failures that can be compensated. The study was carried out by optimizing the amplitude excitations of the failed array. Instead of classical optimization techniques, particle swarm optimization was used for the compensation process. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 24:635–645, 2014. 相似文献
17.
Swapan Kumar Mandal Rabindra Nath Datta Prasanta Kumar Das Dipak Kumar Basu 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1988,35(4):987-994
The reaction between bis(diisopropyl) thiophosphoryl disulfide (DIPDIS) and silica has been investigated. The study reveals that DIPDIS can be used as a coupling agent for silica. The chemical bond between the silanol groups of silica and DIPDIS has been established through the isolation and characterization of isopropyl alcohol that is eliminated from the reaction. The chemical nature of the bond is also supported by the IR analysis of the reaction products of silica and DIPDIS obtained both in the presence and absence of rubber. From the exploratory studies it is indicated that DIPDIS can also react with NR even during mixing of ingredients. When used with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) or N-oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide (OBTS) in the presence of silica, DIPDIS exhibits notable activation of cure and enhances the torque, modulus, tensile strength, and the scorch safety. 相似文献
18.
Dipendra Nath Goswami 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1979,23(2):529-537
The Cole-Cole method has been applied for an analysis of the dielectric relaxation data of the natural resin shellac, obtained by Bhattacharya in the temperature range 20–110°C. Three relaxation processes were observed for temperatures 20–60°C. At 70°C, two relaxation processes were noticed, whereas only one was observed by Bhattacharya between 20 and 110°C. The relaxations at 80°C and above represented typical Cole-Cole type. The variation of the static dielectric constant with temperature revealed three distinct slopes, which indicated different phases of the resin during its thermal transition from solid to liquid state. Two “transformation points,” around 40 and 70°C were noted, i.e., the glass transition temperature and melting point of the resin, respectively. Significant changes in static dielectric constant, dielectric increment, relaxation time, and Cole-Cole distribution parameter were observed during a rise of temperature from 80 to 110°C. The results of the present study indicate that some rearrangement in the teriary disposition of the resin molecules takes place during the rise of temperature from 20 to 110°C. 相似文献
19.
Ruchir Gupta Nitin Singha Yatindra Nath Singh 《Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications》2016,9(6):1101-1113
Free riding is a major problem in peer-to-peer networks. Reputation management systems are generally employed to overcome this problem. In this paper, a new reputation based scheme called probabilistic resource allocation is proposed. This strategy probabilistically decide whether to provide the resource to requesting peer or not. Aforesaid method gives selection preference to higher reputation peers and at the same time provides some finite probability of interaction between those peers who don’t have good reputation about each other. This avoids disconnection between the aforesaid peers. The proposed scheme also introduces a new mechanism for resource distribution which not only allocates resources based on peers’ reputation but simultaneously maximizes network utility also. Algorithm for formation of interest groups based upon both similarity of interests and reputation between peers is also presented. 相似文献
20.
Tree index structures are crucial components in data management systems. Existing tree index structure are designed with the implicit assumption that the underlying external memory storage is the conventional magnetic hard disk drives. This assumption is going to be invalid soon, as flash memory storage is increasingly adopted as the main storage media in mobile devices, digital cameras, embedded sensors, and notebooks. Though it is direct and simple to port existing tree index structures on the flash memory storage, that direct approach does not consider the unique characteristics of flash memory, i.e., slow write operations, and erase-before-update property, which would result in a sub optimal performance. In this paper, we introduce FAST (i.e., Flash-Aware Search Trees) as a generic framework for flash-aware tree index structures. FAST distinguishes itself from all previous attempts of flash memory indexing in two aspects: (1) FAST is a generic framework that can be applied to a wide class of data partitioning tree structures including R-tree and its variants, and (2) FAST achieves both efficiency and durability of read and write flash operations through memory flushing and crash recovery techniques. Extensive experimental results, based on an actual implementation of FAST inside the GiST index structure in PostgreSQL, show that FAST achieves better performance than its competitors. 相似文献