Social anxiety and self-presentation: A conceptualization model.

Presents a self-presentation approach to the study of social anxiety that proposes that social anxiety arises when individuals are motivated to make a preferred impression on real or imagined audiences, but perceive or imagine unsatisfactory evaluative reactions from subjectively important audiences. The authors presume that specific situational and dispositional antecedents of social anxiety operate by influencing people's motivation to impress others and their expectations of satisfactorily doing so. In contrast to drive models of anxiety but consistent with social learning theory, it is argued that the cognitive state of the individual mediates both affective arousal and behavior. The traditional inverted-–U relation between anxiety and performance is reexamined in this light. Counseling implications are considered, including the recommendation that treatments be tailored to specific types of self-presentational problems. (142 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Sexism and beautyism in personnel consultant decision making.

Each of 72 professional personnel consultants rated the suitability of 1 bogus applicant for selected masculine, feminine, and neuter jobs, and for alternatives to employment. Each resumé was identical with the exception of the systematic variation of the applicant's sex and the omission or inclusion of a photo depicting the applicant as physically attractive or unattractive. As predicted, personnel decisions strongly reflected the operation of sex-role stereotypes. These factors similarly affected consultants' recommendations of alternatives to employment and consultants' causal attributions of applicants' projected occupational successes and failures. (28 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Readability and human interest scores of thirty-four current introductory psychology texts.

Applied the system developed by R. Flesch to judge the reading ease and human interest of 34 books considered appropriate for beginning courses in psychology. Reading ease scores varied from 29.87 to 53.30, with 1 text classified as very difficult, 29 as difficult, and 4 as fairly difficult. Human interest scores ranged from 3.39 to 32.24; 10 books were rated dull, 19 mildly interesting, and 5 interesting. Although many factors are involved when choosing a text for a particular course, and the most readable and interesting book is not necessarily the best book, human interest and readability are criteria to be considered. (39 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A Land Evaluation Model (LEM): concept, design, and application

Land use decisions become more important as growing populations exert increasing demands on available land for agriculture, recreation, urbanization and forestry. These decisions should be based on a comprehensive evaluation of all possible land uses. The LEM will make such an evaluation possible. It considers not only land capability but other relevant issues, such as society's long-range objectives regarding land, energy supplies, domestic food requirements, urban expansion, international commodity demands and balance of payment goals which influence policy decisions on land use. The LEM allows planners and policy-makers to explore regional objectives and determine the strategic importance of various uses for certain land areas. When fully developed, LEM will be able to study these potential changes and examine how these changing conditions might alter land use options.     

Private practice practica and graduate training in clinical psychology: A survey of APA-approved programs.

A survey of the directors of 107 programs showed that a small majority of respondents viewed such training as worthwhile, but only a few programs actually offered such placements. A large minority did not view such a training placement as worthwhile. Malpractice protection and the lack of a scientist–practitioner model were cited as the most common concerns that directors have relevant to private practice training placements. (9 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Economic Design of a Dual Purpose Multicharacteristic Quality Control System

Recent research on industrial quality control systems has emphasized economic modeling in contrast with earlier works based primarily on statistical considerations. Often treated as separate systems, process control and acceptance sampling have received considerable attention from the cost based approach. This article brings together these two related quality control functions through the development of an economic model for the situation in which lot by lot sampling has the dual purpose of controlling the lot mean and determining lot disposition     

Metastable and equilibrium phases in dilute V-N alloys

Alloys of vanadium containing 0 to 10 at. pct nitrogen were prepared and aged at temperatures from 300 to 950°C. The nitrogen solvus line was determined and the discontinuities are discussed in terms of the phases coexisting with the α-phase at various temperatures. Aging temperatures greater than 550°C produced only V₃N in equilibrium with the α-phase. Aging at 550°C and below resulted in a sequence of transformations beginning with the precipitation of V₁₆N from supersaturated α-phase. This transformation was followed by the decomposition of the V₁₆N into two other metastable phases, termed V_xN and V_γN. Longer aging times at 550°C resulted in dissolution of VγN and resultant large discs of V*N precipitate. Further aging yielded V₃N. Except for the α-phase, the phases involved in this sequence have nitrogen atoms which are ordered. The crystal structures of both the vanadium atoms and the nitrogen atoms in V_xN and VγN are presented and discussed. VN is shown to be bet while VγN is bcc with respect to the vanadium atoms. The morphology of the precipitates is described and discussed in terms of their crystal structures. Formerly Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Union College Formerly Graduate Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Union College Formerly student in Department of Physics, Union College     

Predicting accident involvement with the motorcycle operator skill test

The present study was conducted to assess the predictive validity of the Motorcycle Operator Skill Test (MOST) developed by McPherson and McKnight (1976). It was anticipated that among licensed motorcyclists those scoring higher on this off-road skill test would be less likely to become involved in an accident than motorcyclists scoring lower. A sample of motorcycle operator licence applicants was administered the MOST in addition to the regular licensing test. These motorcyclists were contacted about a year later and queried about their riding experiences including motorcycle accidents. Driver records were also searched for six months after the motorcyclist was licensed. Although bivariate analyses indicated that high scorers on the MOST were more likely to have had an accident than low scorers, multivariate analyses revealed no effect of test performance on subsequent accident involvement. However, accident likelihood was found to decrease as a function of age and increase as a function of vehicle distance travelled (i.e. exposure to risk).