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231.
232.
Björn Täljsten 《International Journal of Fracture》1996,82(3):253-266
This paper presents the use of fracture mechanics for the plate bonding technique. Plates of steel or carbon-fibre reinforced
plastic are bonded with an epoxy adhesive to rectangular concrete prisms and loaded in shear up to failure, what is normally
known in fracture mechanics as mode II failure. In this special application a linear and a nonlinear approach are presented.
The nonlinear equation derived for a realistic shear-deformation curve can only be used for numerical calculations. However,
for simplified shear-deformation curves, the derived formula can be solved analytically. Results from tests, which are compared
with the theory, are also presented. 相似文献
233.
A method is described for experimentally determining the dose rate created in building bricks by incorporated natural radionuclides.
It was established using the thermoluminescence dosimetry method that the measured dose rate depends on the detector thickness,
the mass of the ceramic product investigated, and the irradiation geometry. The contributions to the measured dose of weakly
penetrating α and β radiation and hard ψ radiation are separated, the ratio between them depending on the experimental conditions.
Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 7, pp. 62–66, July, 1996. 相似文献
234.
235.
236.
G
V Vijaya T Gireesh Gajanan S Bhat 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2002,82(5):493-496
The effect of enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins in milk using neutrase on the growth of the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium bifidus was evaluated by estimation of microbial growth, acidity, viscosity and flavour production. A significant increase in the growth of B bifidus was observed in neutrase‐hydrolysed milk. The setting time of bifidus‐cultured milk was advanced by about 12 h at 5% degree of hydrolysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins prior to cultivation also significantly increased the viscosity of the product. An approximately 60% increase in viscosity of the product was observed in neutrase‐hydrolysed milk. Production of steam‐volatile monocarbonyls as an indication of development of flavour was also higher in neutrase‐hydrolysed milk. The concentration of steam‐volatile monocarbonyls was 2.47 µmol per 100 ml in neutrase‐hydrolysed milk but only 1.84 µmol per 100 ml in control milk at the setting point of the curd. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
237.
A PAC-Bayesian margin bound for linear classifiers 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Herbrich R. Graepel T. 《IEEE transactions on information theory / Professional Technical Group on Information Theory》2002,48(12):3140-3150
We present a bound on the generalization error of linear classifiers in terms of a refined margin quantity on the training sample. The result is obtained in a probably approximately correct (PAC)-Bayesian framework and is based on geometrical arguments in the space of linear classifiers. The new bound constitutes an exponential improvement of the so far tightest margin bound, which was developed in the luckiness framework, and scales logarithmically in the inverse margin. Even in the case of less training examples than input dimensions sufficiently large margins lead to nontrivial bound values and-for maximum margins-to a vanishing complexity term. In contrast to previous results, however, the new bound does depend on the dimensionality of feature space. The analysis shows that the classical margin is too coarse a measure for the essential quantity that controls the generalization error: the fraction of hypothesis space consistent with the training sample. The practical relevance of the result lies in the fact that the well-known support vector machine is optimal with respect to the new bound only if the feature vectors in the training sample are all of the same length. As a consequence, we recommend to use support vector machines (SVMs) on normalized feature vectors only. Numerical simulations support this recommendation and demonstrate that the new error bound can be used for the purpose of model selection. 相似文献
238.
The early history of the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society (IEEE MTT-S) is summarized since its founding in 1952, and all administrative committee members and presidents are listed. Some of the more recent changes resulting from growth and multinational participation are described. Publications are discussed with editors listed for this Transactions, the IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, the IEEE Microwave Newsletter, and IEEE Microwave Magazine. The chronological evolution of the IEEE MTT-S's awards is presented, including a listing of all award winners. Distinguished lecturers and microwave symposia sites and chairpersons are also discussed. Early technology trends are described 相似文献
239.
Depletion and hillock formation were examined in-situ in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) during electromigration of bamboo
Al interconnect segments. Hillocks formed directly at the anode ends of the segments by epitaxial addition of Al at the bottom
Al/TiN interface. Depletion occurred nonuniformly from the cathode end and stopped once the distance between the leading void
and the hillock reached the critical length for electromigration at the given current density. A modified equation for the
drift velocity is proposed, which includes the effect of nonuniform depletion and predicts that interconnects with nonuniform
depletion are more reliable than those with uniform depletion. 相似文献
240.
Test Case Generation as an AI Planning Problem 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Adele E. Howe Anneliese von Mayrhauser Richard T. Mraz 《Automated Software Engineering》1997,4(1):77-106
While Artificial Intelligence techniques have been applied to a variety of software engineering applications, the area of automated software testing remains largely unexplored. Yet, test cases for certain types of systems (e.g., those with command language interfaces and transaction based systems) are similar to plans. We have exploited this similarity by constructing an automated test case generator with an AI planning system at its core. We compared the functionality and output of two systems, one based on Software Engineering techniques and the other on planning, for a real application: the StorageTek robot tape library command language. From this, we showed that AI planning is a viable technique for test case generation and that the two approaches are complementary in their capabilities. 相似文献