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11.
GC Borgia P Fantazzini C Palmonari G Timellini 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,14(7-8):899-901
NMR Relaxation and Imaging have been applied to study preparation processes of ceramic porous samples. Relaxation analysis gives a clear characterization of the materials, with high sensitivity. Differences in the method of preparation and steps as low as 25 degrees C in the firing temperatures are well detectable. Furthermore, the images permit distinguishing the different samples. The effects of the contrast in relaxation times dominate those due to the different porosities of the samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy confirms the interpretation that the changes in relaxation times are due to different pore space structures associated with the different firing temperatures. The higher the firing temperature, the larger are the pores and the higher is the amount of compact, sintered matrix, leading to higher relaxation times. 相似文献
12.
GC Viscomi 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,10(1):59-86
Type I IFNs constitute a family of proteins exhibiting high homology in primary, secondary, and tertiary structures. They interact with the same receptor and transmit signals to cellular nucleus through a similar mechanism, eliciting roughly homogeneous biological activity. Nevertheless, the members of that family, IFN alpha species, IFN beta and IFN omega, due to local differences in the structure sometime show distinct properties. From the reported data it results that even minute changes or differences in the primary sequences could be responsible for a significant variety of biological actions, thus inducing to the hypothesis that Type I IFNs, rather than to be the result of a redundant replication during the evolution play definite roles in the defense of living organisms to foreign agents. 相似文献
13.
The production of the cognitive internal state word know by four 2- to 5-year-old children and their parents was examined. The levels of meaning of cognitive words can be categorized hierarchically along the dimensions of conceptual difficulty and abstractness (see Booth & Hall, 1995). The present study found that children and their parents expressed low levels of meaning less frequently, whereas they expressed high levels of meaning more frequently as a function of age. The children's use of know was also correlated positively with (1) their number of different words produced suggesting that cognitive words are related to more general semantic processes, and (2) with parental use of those same cognitive words suggesting that parental linguistic input may be an important mechanism in cognitive word acquisition. Finally, young children tended to use know more to refer to themselves than to refer to others, whereas their parents tended to use know equally to refer to self and others. The importance of cognitive words in a theory of language acquisition is discussed. 相似文献
14.
Although long-term clinical studies have shown no excessive risk of lymphoma in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with methotrexate (MTX), an increasing number of reports of this association continue to appear. We describe two cases, review the cases in the world's literature, and summarize their important characteristics. Possible oncogenic mechanisms are discussed. Most lymphoproliferation cases presented here have features of immunosuppression-associated lymphoma. The immunosuppressed state is attributable to a combination of factors, such as RA itself and the actions of MTX. The risk factors for RA patients to develop lymphoma while on MTX include severe disease, intense immunosuppression, genetic predisposition, and an increased frequency of latent infection with prooncogenic viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The spontaneous remission of lymphomas in eight RA patients after MTX was stopped highlights the likely causative role of the drug in the development of these malignancies. If the clinical situation permits, a period of observation for spontaneous remission after MTX is stopped is advisable. The physicians caring for RA patients on MTX should maintain a high surveillance for signs and symptoms suggestive of lymphoma. 相似文献
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S. J. C. Irvine A. Stafford M. U. Ahmed A. Brown H. Kheyrandish 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1997,26(6):723-727
The first detailed comparison has been made of the metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy growth rates of CdTe, ZnTe, and ZnSe,
measured in situ with laser reflectometry. The comparison also includes the photo-assisted growth with visible radiation from
an argon ion laser. Using a standard Group II precursor (DMCd or DMZn.TEN) partial pressure of 1.5 × 10−4 atm, VI/II ratio of 1 and DIPM (M = Te, Se) the maximum growth rates are in the region of 10 to 15 AU/ s. Decrease in growth
rates of ZnTe at higher temperatures or higher laser powers have been attributed to the desorption from the substrate of unreacted
Te precursor. The behavior of DTBSe is quite different from DIPSe for both pyrolytic and photo-assisted growth. The maximum
growth rate is around 1 AU/ s with very little photo-enhancement, except at 300°C. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy analysis
of hydrogen concentration in the ZnSe layers shows high concentrations, up to 5.9 × 1019 atoms cm−3 for DTBSe grown ZnSe under pyrolytic conditions. These results show that the growth kinetics play an important part in the
incorporation of hydrogen and passivation of acceptor doped material. 相似文献
18.
Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats that had been on a low sodium diet for 3 days were given 1.5 mmol sodium chloride kg-1 body weight either orally or intravenously. The rats receiving an oral sodium load showed a greater natriuresis than those receiving the same saline load intravenously. No increase of renal sodium excretion was observed when the rats received a hypertonic mannitol solution orally. The cumulative sodium excretion during the 8 h following oral loading was two to three times larger in SHR than in WKY, whereas no difference between strains could be demonstrated after giving saline intravenously. Furthermore, after switching from normal to low sodium diet the rate of decrease of renal sodium excretion was greater in SHR than in WKY rats. It is proposed that there exists a gastrointestinal sensory mechanism for sodium controlling the renal sodium excretion. Furthermore, it is suggested that the function of this mechanism differs between SHR and WKY. 相似文献
19.
BACKGROUND: The emergence of psychogenic seizures after surgery for epilepsy is not well recognized. OBJECTIVES: To identify the frequency of psychogenic seizures in an 11-year surgical experience and to characterize the patients with this complication. METHODS: Ninety-six patients underwent surgery for epilepsy between 1985 and 1996. The surgical database was reviewed and all patients who experienced postoperative psychogenic seizures were identified. Patients were characterized by sex, age, psychopathologic conditions, full-scale IQ, duration of epilepsy, surgical procedure, and operative complications. Patients were compared with the surgical group as a whole for these variables. SETTING: A comprehensive epilepsy center. RESULTS: Five patients were identified: 3 men and 2 women. Mean full-scale IQ was 73 (range, 66-82). Mean age was 29.8 years (range, 22-36 years). Three patients were diagnosed as having psychosis, 1 with borderline personality disorder and 1 with generalized anxiety. Operations included 4 anterior temporal lobectomies and 1 occipital lobectomy. Two patients experienced operative complications. Compared with the surgical cohort, patients had a higher frequency of preoperative psychopathologic conditions, lower mean full-scale IQ, and a greater occurrence of operative complications. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Patients can develop new-onset psychogenic seizures after surgery for epilepsy. (2) Low full-scale IQ, serious preoperative psychopathologic conditions, and major surgical complications may be risk factors. (3) Atypical postoperative seizures should be evaluated with video electroencephalographic monitoring before concluding that they are epileptic. 相似文献
20.
JH Noseworthy P O'Brien BJ Erickson D Lee D Sneve GC Ebers GP Rice A Auty WJ Hader A Kirk P Duquette J Carter G Francis L Metz E Shuster 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,51(5):1342-1352
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether sulfasalazine is better than placebo in slowing disability progression in MS. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial, 199 patients with active relapsing-remitting (n = 151) or progressive (n = 48) MS were evaluated at 3-month intervals for a minimum of 3 years (94% completed 3 years of follow-up; mean follow-up, 3.7 years). MRI studies were performed at 6-month intervals on a subset of 89 patients. RESULTS: Sulfasalazine failed to slow or prevent disability progression as measured by the primary outcome (confirmed worsening of the Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score by at least 1.0 point on two consecutive 3-month visits). Sulfasalazine influenced favorably a number of secondary outcomes during the first 18 months of the trial (e.g., annualized relapse rate, proportion of relapse-free patients; progressive subgroup only: rate of EDSS progression at 1 and 2 years, median time to EDSS progression) but these positive findings were not sustained into the second half of the trial. CONCLUSIONS: Sulfasalazine does not prevent EDSS score progression in the subset of MS patients studied by this protocol. Treatments may improve relapse-related outcomes in MS, at least temporarily, without providing sustained slowing of EDSS progression. Phase III MS trials should be of sufficient length to determine a meaningful impact on disease course. 相似文献