Grout‐Verbindungen von Monopile‐Gründungsstrukturen – Trag‐ und Ermüdungsverhalten

Grouted Joint Connections of Monopile Support Structures – Structural and Fatigue Behaviour. This paper summarises the state of the art for grouted connections of support structures of Offshore Wind Energy Converters (OWECs). Results of numerical and experimental investigations of small and large scale tests of grouted joints which have been carried out within the research project “ForWind – TP V: Fatigue Assessment of Support Structures of Offshore Wind Energy Conversion Systems” at the Institute for Steel Construction, Leibniz Universität Hannover are presented. Furthermore the results of the numerical and experimental investigations are used for an exemplary calculation of a grouted joint connection of an OWEC located in the Baltic Sea. Besides the analysis of grouted joints with plain pipes the effects of an increased mechanical interlock due to shear keys on the fatigue design of grouted connections is demonstrated and fatigue classes for shear keys are presented.     

Geothermal use of an Alpine aquifer—Davos pilot study

Grundwasser - Topographically induced Alpine regional groundwater flow systems below the unconsolidated valley fillings constitute a substantial unused geothermal resource. Within the...     

Technical note: A toy as tool: a low-cost image analysis system for the evaluation of tumor size in experimental small animal models

Image analysis systems are an essential tool in measurements of size of intraparenchymal tumors or lesions in experimental small animal models. Conventional image analysis systems are relatively expensive. We therefore compared the performance of a professional image analysis system with an inexpensive setup by evaluating tumor size in an orthotopic glioma mouse model. The maximum cross-sectional tumor area of H&E stained brain-slides of two groups of mice (treatment and control group) was measured by two independent investigators using a professional image analysis system (Leica DM IRB microscope) with the Leica Quantimet 500c software, and a low-cost-system (Intel QX3 microscope) with a non-commercial image analysis software. Mean tumor volumes were calculated and the results from each of the image analysis systems, investigators, and treatment effects were compared. The tumor volumes as measured with the low-cost and the professional system differed between -3.7 and +7.5% (P = 0.69-0.99). Measurements made by investigator A and B differed between -7.0 and +3.9% (P = 0.69-0.88). Treatment in all cases significantly reduced the tumor volume between 58.4 and 62.7% (P = 0.0002 or 0.0003), regardless of the investigator or the used image analysis system. We therefore conclude that the QX3 low-cost microscope in combination with a non-commercial image-analysis software represents an inexpensive solution to reliably analyze the size of regions of interest, if they provide a sufficient contrast. However, the low-cost setup due to its low resolution definitely limits a detailed analysis of histologic features.     

Nichtlinearer Bettungsansatz von Besler bei Baugrubenwänden

Besler's nonlinear subgrade reaction approach for excavation walls. It is investigated how the displacements of the foot of the wall in service states can be described close to the real behaviour. Thereby Besler's non linear approach for the subgrade reaction is used. The main points of the paper are the numerical implementation and the influence of the flexibility and preloading by the weight of the excavation on the displacements. Finally recommendations are given for the use in practice.     

实体与通透的对比——升喜购物广场立面重建设计

升喜购物广场是吉隆坡最具代表性的购物中心．以其内部的奢侈品店和雅致餐厅而著名。思邦承担了该商场朝向武吉免登大街的立面重建工程的设计。思邦的创始总监StephenPimbley说：”与吉隆坡其他面朝街道的购物广场不同．升喜购物广场与周围公共区域紧密连接,并以巨大的橄榄球形状使沿武吉免登大街形成有效的视觉联系。我们为升喜购物广场设计了一个灯塔．强调它与城市之间的关系。”     

Self‐employment and local economic performance: Evidence from US counties*

This study explores the relationship between self‐employment and income growth, employment growth, and change in poverty in metro and non‐metro areas in the United States using county‐level panel data. We investigate the impact of the relative size of the self‐employment sector measured by the share of non‐farm proprietorships (NFPs) in total full and part‐time employment on three key economic performance indicators. We first estimate an income growth model to analyse the effects of self‐employment on income growth. Then we investigate the independent effects of self‐employment on employment growth and changes in family poverty rates. Our results indicate that higher self‐employment rates are associated with statistically significant increases over time in income and employment growth, and reductions in poverty rates in non‐metro counties. We find similar effects on metro county income and employment, but not on poverty dynamics.     

Instandsetzung einer Betonbrücke mit Walzträgern nach dem Prinzip des Kathodischen Korrosionsschutzes

Für die Instandsetzung chloridbelasteter Stahlbetonbauwerke muss bei den so genannten konventionellen Verfahren oftmals Beton in großer Tiefe abgetragen werden. Dies verursacht hohe Kosten, stellt einen erheblichen Eingriff in das Bauwerk dar und führt nicht zuletzt zu Nutzungseinschränkungen während der Instandsetzung. Aus diesem Grund gewinnt der Kathodische Korrosionsschutz (KKS) von Stahl in Beton, eine zum Großteil zerstörungsfreie Instandsetzungsmethode, als wirtschaftliches Instandsetzungsverfahren korrosionsgefährdeter bzw.‐geschädigter Bauteile zunehmend an Bedeutung. Nachfolgend wird die Instandsetzung der Brücke über den Auer Mühlbach in München mit KKS beschrieben. Das Tragsystem der Auer Mühlbachbrücke besteht aus einbetonierten Walzträgern, die mit diskreten Einzelanoden geschützt wurden. Auf Grund der sehr hohen Überschüttung und der verkehrlichen Bedeutung dieser Brücke war der KKS besonders vorteilhaft anwendbar, da es während der gesamten Instandsetzung keinerlei Einschränkungen des Verkehrs gab. Repair of a Concrete‐Bridge with Rolled Section Beams applying the Principle of Cathodic Protection When repairing reinforced concrete structures containing chlorides by conventional methods, it is often necessary to remove the concrete to great depths. This causes high costs and leads to a significant intervention of the structure, combined with a limitation of use whilst repair measures. This is the reason why Cathodic Protection (CP) of reinforcement in concrete is gaining importance as predominantly non‐destructive, costeffective repair measure of structures susceptible to or damaged by corrosion. Consecutively the repair measure of the bridge over the Auer Mühlbach in Munich using CP is described. The load bearing system of the bridge of Auer Mühlbach consists of rolled section steel beams, which are protected using discrete anodes. Due to the high ground cover and the high importance to the intra‐urban traffic, the application of CP was in particular advantageously as the traffic has not been limited whilst the repair measure.     

The Fight against the Influenza A Virus H1N1: Synthesis,Molecular Modeling,and Biological Evaluation of Benzofurazan Derivatives as Viral RNA Polymerase Inhibitors

The influenza RNA polymerase complex, which consists of the three subunits PA, PB1, and PB2, is a promising target for the development of new antiviral drugs. A large library of benzofurazan compounds was synthesized and assayed against influenza virus A/WSN/33 (H1N1). Most of the new derivatives were found to act by inhibiting the viral RNA polymerase complex through disruption of the complex formed between subunits PA and PB1. Docking studies were also performed to elucidate the binding mode of benzofurazans within the PB1 binding site in PA and to identify amino acids involved in their mechanism of action. The predicted binding pose is fully consistent with the biological data and lays the foundation for the rational development of more effective PA–PB1 inhibitors.