Macrophage Polarization in Cardiac Tissue Repair Following Myocardial Infarction

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the globe, creating a substantial socio-economic burden as a result. Myocardial infarction is a significant contributor to the detrimental impact of cardiovascular disease. The death of cardiomyocytes following myocardial infarction causes an immune response which leads to further destruction of tissue, and subsequently, results in the formation of non-contractile scar tissue. Macrophages have been recognized as important regulators and participants of inflammation and fibrosis following myocardial infarction. Macrophages are generally classified into two distinct groups, namely, classically activated, or M1 macrophages, and alternatively activated, or M2 macrophages. The phenotypic profile of cardiac macrophages, however, is much more diverse and should not be reduced to these two subsets. In this review, we describe the phenotypes and functions of macrophages which are present in the healthy, as well as the infarcted heart, and analyze them with respect to M1 and M2 polarization states. Furthermore, we discuss therapeutic strategies which utilize macrophage polarization towards an anti-inflammatory or reparative phenotype for the treatment of myocardial infarction.     

Supplementing with L-Tryptophan Increases Medium Protein and Alters Expression of Genes and Proteins Involved in Milk Protein Synthesis and Energy Metabolism in Bovine Mammary Cells

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing with L-tryptophan (L-Trp) on milk protein synthesis using an immortalized bovine mammary epithelial (MAC-T) cell line. Cells were treated with 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5 mM of supplemental L-Trp, and the most efficient time for protein synthesis was determined by measuring cell, medium, and total protein at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Time and dose tests showed that the 48 h incubation time and a 0.9 mM dose of L-Trp were the optimal values. The mechanism of milk protein synthesis was elucidated through proteomic analysis to identify the metabolic pathway involved. When L-Trp was supplemented, extracellular protein (medium protein) reached its peak at 48 h, whereas intracellular cell protein reached its peak at 96 h with all L-Trp doses. β-casein mRNA gene expression and genes related to milk protein synthesis, such as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ribosomal protein 6 (RPS6) genes, were also stimulated (p < 0.05). Overall, there were 51 upregulated and 59 downregulated proteins, many of which are involved in protein synthesis. The results of protein pathway analysis showed that L-Trp stimulated glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and ATP synthesis, which are pathways involved in energy metabolism. Together, these results demonstrate that L-Trp supplementation, particularly at 0.9 mM, is an effective stimulus in β-casein synthesis by stimulating genes, proteins, and pathways related to protein and energy metabolism.     

小电阻接地系统高阻和间歇性弧光接地故障继电保护研究

中性点经小电阻接地系统存在高阻和间歇性弧光接地故障,以及故障持续、越级跳闸等故障扩大事故,严重的还会烧毁小电阻设备。基于高阻接地、间歇性弧光接地故障的特征,选取中性点小电阻阻值,约束继电保护,基于电流不平衡度突变、暂态分析及故障累积检测,给出继电保护策略。经仿真验证：该文提出策略具备灵敏性、有效性,能够解决小电阻系统的保护盲区,是对原有小电阻接地系统继电保护的有益补充。     

云南省白族和哈尼族婴幼儿膳食营养状况及生长发育的调查分析与评价

对云南省剑川县、墨江县的600名6 ～ 24个月龄婴幼儿进行膳食及健康调查,评价两地婴幼儿的生长发育情况,为当地卫生机构普及营养知识和少数民族营养支持计划提供数据支持.采用外科体检和膳食营养调查同步进行的方法对剑川白族和墨江县哈尼族6～24月龄婴幼儿膳食摄入状况及身体发育指标进行调查,并与参考文献中的其他地区同龄进行纵向比较,综合评价两地婴幼儿的健康发育状况.两地6～24月龄婴幼儿的营养摄入低于国家推荐量,并且生长发育指标低于城区的婴幼儿,剑川白族婴幼儿发育指标好于墨江哈尼族婴幼儿发育指标.剑川、墨江等地区的婴幼儿营养及身体发育指标偏低,婴幼儿营养摄入和发育状况均堪忧,有必要加强科学指导和管理,并进行营养包支持.     

浅析"一带一路"装备制造人才培养

"一带一路"倡议对全球经济的影响日渐凸显,国内各行各业实现飞速发展最关键的是强化人才竞争,人才力量不断发展能从根本上提高企业整体竞争力,让企业在全球市场竞争中立于不败之地.本文从"一带一路"背景入手,分析目前装备制造人才培养模式,剖析其中存在的不足,进一步总结我国"一带一路"装备制造人才培养的要点和方法.     

心理资本对酒店员工留职意愿的影响 ——以心理授权为中介变量

酒店行业离职率高,提高留职率成为酒店人力资源管理的一大难题.文章对苏锡常地区76家酒店306名员工进行问卷调查,检验心理资本三维度对留职意愿的影响,也检验心理授权在心理资本与酒店员工留职意愿关系中的中介作用.结果表明:心理资本对酒店员工留职意愿有正向影响;心理资本三维度对心理授权三维度有正向影响;心理授权对酒店员工留职意愿有正向影响;心理授权在心理资本与留职意愿的关系中起部分中介作用.因此,从心理资本开发、增强心理授权感知两方面给酒店管理者及员工个人提出建议,以期为酒店提高留职率提供新的管理方向.     

高职院校资助育人状况的调研——以Y高职学校为例

以Y高职院校学生为调查对象,基于对当前资助育人工作的在线问卷调查和访谈,分析了当前高职院校资助育人的状况,并提出新时代下高职院校资助育人质量提升合理化建议,包括扩大资助政策宣传、加大对二级学院资助育人工作的考核、加强感恩教育、诚信教育、加强心理资助工作力度、加强勤工助学资助育人、加强受资助学生的存在感和获得感。     

巨魾(Bagarius yarrelli)全基因组微卫星分布特征分析

对已公布在NCBI数据库中的巨魾(Bagarius yarrelli)全基因组测序结果,使用MISA软件对巨魾全基因组中的微卫星进行筛选并分析其数量与分布特征. 在巨魾基因组570 806 968 bp序列中,共筛选出360 235个完整型微卫星,其长度为6 998 449 bp,占基因序列总长度的1.23%. 在6种完整型微卫星中,微卫星数量最多的是单碱基类型,约占总数的44.65%,其余碱基类型数量排序为二碱基(43.29%)、三碱基(6.12%)、四碱基(4.80%)、五碱基(1.02%)和六碱基(0.11%). 基因组中数量最多的前10种微卫星类别分别为:A、AC、AG、AT、AAT、C、ATAG、AAAT、ACT和ATC.