Rapid colorimetric detection of proteins and bacteria using silver reduction/precipitation catalyzed by gold nanoparticles

A colorimetric immunoassay has been developed based on the reduction and precipitation of silver ions catalyzed by colloidal gold. This method was evaluated for a noncompetitive heterogeneous immunoassay to detect ovalbumin as a model protein and Escherichia coli as model bacterium. The influence of relevant experimental variables, including the reaction time of antigen with antibody, the dilution ratio of the colloidal gold-labeled protein, time allowed for silver reduction/precipitation reaction and other parameters were examined and optimized. This colorimetric method of detection is convenient, easy to use and economic. The presence of the target molecules or antigens can be visually inferred based on the color change that occurs in a short time without using major instrumentation. This method is widely amenable for detection of proteins, viruses and bacteria.     

Evaluation of structural,optical properties and photocatalytic activity of Ag2O coated ZnO nanoparticles

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - The presence of composite in the nanofluid resultant is essential to provide a significant methylene blue (MB) removal property in...     

Effect of T6 Treatment on Wear Behavior of Al-7Si/ ZrSiO4 Composites

Silicon - The effect of thermal treatment on microstructure and tribological behavior of Al-7Si/ZrSiO4 reinforced composites has been investigated. Composites with 5, 10 and 15 vol.% of ZrSiO4...     

Synthesis,studies of 2-benzyl-amino-4-p-tolyl-6,7-di-hydro 5H-cyclo-penta–[b]pyridine-3 carbo-nitrile (BAPTDHCPCN) crystals for optical,photonic and mechano-electronic uses

2-benzyl-amino-4-P-tolyl-6,7-di-hydro 5H-cyclo-penta –[b]pyridine–3 carbo–nitrile—BAPTDHCPCAN crystal is grown by solution growth evaporation method and analysed for XRD, Unit Cell, Dielectric analysis, UV, Tauc’s plot and fluorescence and mechano studies. The single crystalline XRD data portrays the monoclinic nature of BAPTDHCPCAN with space group P2₁/c and a, b, c as 8.6828 Å, 17.7283 Å, 12.0403 Å with β as 94.254°. Chemical formula of crystal as C₂₃H₂₁N₃. The crystalline dimension is 14?×?12x7 mm³. The dielectric properties of the BAPTDHCPCAN have larger value at low range of frequencies. The phase matching effectiveness is analyzed and found to be 66 mV. The influx value of macro and thin film of BAPTDHCPCAN crystal is 4.2125 microns and 4.4336 microns as mid value before nano shaped influx. Absorption spectral two peaks centered at 248 nm at 325 nm, the band gap of crystal is calculated as 5.0 eV by photonic enhancement and the fluorescence represented emission for 399 nm. The BAPTDHCPCAN crystal is found to have represented –ve photoconductive nature. The BAPTDHCPCAN crystal specimen in of RISE [Reverse Indentation Size Effect] consequence with n greater than 2.

     

Electrophoretic bilayer deposition of zirconia and reinforced bioglass system on Ti6Al4V for implant applications: An in vitro investigation

The physical, chemical and biological properties of the bioglass reinforced yttria-stabilized composite layer on Ti6Al4V titanium substrates were investigated. The Ti6Al4V substrate was deposited with yttria stabilized zirconia — YSZ as the base layer of thickness ≈ 4–5 μm, to inhibit metal ion leach out from the substrate and bioglass zirconia reinforced composite as the second layer of thickness ≈ 15 μm, which would react with surrounding bone tissue to enhance bone formation and implant fixation. The deposition of these two layers on the substrate was carried out using the most viable electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique. Biocompatible yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in the form of nano-particles and sol gel derived bioglass in the form of micro-particles were chosen as precursors for coating. The coatings were vacuum sintered at 900 °C for 3 h. The biocompatibility and corrosion resistance property were studied in osteoblast cell culture and in simulated body fluid (SBF) respectively. Analysis showed that the zirconia reinforced bioglass bilayer system promoted significant bioactivity, and it exhibited a better corrosion resistance property and elevated mechanical strength under load bearing conditions in comparison with the monolayer YSZ coating on Ti6Al4V implant surface.     

Phytofabrication of silver nanoparticles using Bacopa monnieri leaf extract and its antibacterial activity as well as oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis of lung cancer

The biological method for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Bacopa monneri leaves and its anti‐proliferation against human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) was studied. The AgNPs synthesis was determined by an ultraviolet–visible spectrum and was confirmed primarily by the colour change and surface plasmon resonance was observed at 450 nm and its reduction of functional groups stretched in AgNPs was identified by Fourier transform infrared and the crystalline nature of AgNPs was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction. The structural morphology of the AgNPs was found to be spherical and polygonal shape and size (> 35 nm) were determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis and its purity was identified by energy dispersive analysis of X‐rays (EDAX). A further, antibacterial activity of biosynthesised AgNPs against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria was assessed. The cytotoxic effect of synthesised AgNPs was analysed against human lung adenocarcinoma cells by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The GI₅₀ was found to be 20 µg/ml at 24 h incubation. The apoptosis cells containing condensate and marginalised chromatin stages were analysed by propidium iodide staining and DNA damage was observed in A549 treated cells. The present study strongly emphasised that the bioactive molecule‐coated AgNPs could have potential for biomedical applications and significant anticancer effects against human lung adenocarcinoma cells.Inspec keywords: antibacterial activity, biomedical materials, lung, cancer, oxidation, nanoparticles, silver, nanofabrication, nanomedicine, cellular biophysics, ultraviolet spectra, visible spectra, surface plasmon resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectra, X‐ray diffraction, particle size, field emission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray chemical analysis, microorganisms, toxicology, DNA, molecular biophysics, molecular configurationsOther keywords: silver nanoparticles, phytofabrication, Bacopa monnieri leaf extract, antibacterial activity, oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis, biological method, antiproliferation, human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, AgNPs synthesis, ultraviolet‐visible spectrum, colour change, surface plasmon resonance, stretched functional groups, Fourier transform infrared spectra, crystalline nature, X‐ray diffraction, geometric spherical shape, polygonal shape, field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis, EDAX, biosynthesised AgNPs, gram negative bacteria, gram positive bacteria, cytotoxic effect, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, incubation, apoptosis cells, condensate, marginalised chromatin stages, propidium iodide staining, DNA damage, A549 treated cells, bioactive molecule‐coated AgNPs, biomedical applications, anticancer effects, time 24 h, Ag     

A Novel Video Coding Framework with Tensor Representation for Efficient Video Streaming

Video compression is one among the pre-processes in video streaming. While capturing moving objects with moving cameras, more amount of redundant data is recorded along with dynamic change. In this paper, this change is identified using various geometric transformations. To register all these dynamic relations with minimal storage, tensor representation is used. The amount of similarity between the frames is measured using canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The key frames are identified by comparing the canonical auto-correlation analysis score of the candidate key frame with CCA score of other frames. In this method, coded video is represented using tensor which consists of intra-coded key frame, a vector of P frame identifiers, transformation of each variable sized block and information fusion that has three levels of abstractions: measurements, characteristics and decisions that combine all these factors into a single entity. Each dimension can have variable sizes which facilitates storing all characteristics without missing any information. In this paper, the proposed video compression method is applied to under-water videos that have more redundancy as both the camera and the underwater species are in motion. This method is compared with H.264, H.265 and some recent compression methods. Metrics like Peak Signal to Noise Ratio and compression ratio for various bit rates are used to evaluate the performance. From the results obtained, it is obvious that the proposed method performs compression with a high compression ratio, and the loss is comparatively less.

     

Chemical Accident Simulation Tool (CAST): A System for Assessing Consequences of Accidents in Chemical Process Industry

The development and validation of a new software named chemical accident simulation tool (CAST) is presented. CAST enables development of scenarios of different types of accidental fires and explosions that can occur in chemical process industry (CPI). CAST is also capable of assessing the likely consequences of such accidents in terms of the area impacted and the types of impacts. The distinguishing features of CAST are (a) it incorporates a larger set of established models than handled by existing packages to simulate a wider variety of accidents in CPI; (b) it is developed with an integrated mapping tool to display damage zones around accident center; this makes the application useful in decision making; and (c) it calculates the results in a fast and reliable manner. Due to these attributes, CAST has increased efficiency, better understanding of the accident scenarios, and better communication of results. Validation of the software has been done with published results which shows that the codes for calculating the impacts from accidents are correct.     

Evaluation of edible flowers of agathi (Sesbania grandiflora L. Fabaceae) for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic,and in vitro antioxidant potential

The methanol extract from flowers of agathi (Sesbania grandiflora L. Fabaceae) was evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, and in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities in several experimental models. The extract has sustainable concentrations of dietary polyphenolics, tannins, and flavonoids. The extract exhibited maximum radical scavenging activity on nitric oxide, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical and these values were significantly (p<0.05) higher over positive standards butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytolune. The extract also exhibited potential cytotoxic activity against human cervical cancer cell line HeLa (IC₅₀ value of 0.13 mg/mL). Further, the methanol extracts showed significant inhibitory activity against inflammation (carrageenan and cotton pellet induced models) and on a pain model (hot plate test). The inhibitory values are comparable with positive standards. Owing to these properties, agathi flowers can be used as a potential source of natural nutraceutical food supplement.     

Copy-Move Forgery Detection of Medical Images Using Most Valuable Player Based Optimization

Sensing and Imaging - This paper presents a method to identify cerebral hemorrhage on CT images aiming at providing support for diagnosis. Firstly, we use Mask R-CNN network to segment the brain...