Simulation Analysis of the Heat Transfer Performance of an N-type Microchannel Heat Exchanger

A microchannel heat exchanger with a triangular wave and symmetrical triangular wave structure was proposed in this paper. In addition, a new N-type microchannel heat exchanger was developed to balance the heat transfer performance and pressure drop. The relationship between different configurations of the N structure of the microchannel and the heat transfer performance was analyzed. The results showed that, at a high inlet flow rate, the symmetrical triangular wave microchannel had the best heat transfer performance, followed by the triangular wave microchannel and the straight channel. At the same flow rate, the degree of disturbance of the fluid was highest in the symmetrical N-structure microchannel, and an excellent heat transfer effect was observed.     

Effect of Fe/Zn ratio in composite catalyst for synthesizing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers

Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE_n) are extremely effective diesel additives to reduce soot formation during combustion. We introduce a series of Fe-Zn composite solid acid catalysts (SO₄²⁻/xFe₂O₃-yZnO), for the condensation reaction of methanol and paraformaldehyde (PF) with a cheap and feasible route to efficiently synthesize PODE_n. These catalysts were characterized by different characterization techniques, namely BET, XRD, SEM, EDS, FTIR, and NH₃-TPD and the results showed that Fe/Zn molar ratios strongly influenced the physicochemical characteristics of catalysts, thus affecting the methanol conversion and PODE_1-6 and PODE_3-6 selectivity. Accordingly, the methanol conversion was decreased and the selectivity of PODE_3-6 was increased after increasing the Zn molar content. Comparatively, SO₄²⁻/Fe₂O₃-2ZnO exhibited superior catalytic activity among the various investigated catalysts due to the high acid density of strong acid sites. The optimal reaction conditions were observed to be at a 3.0 wt% catalyst loading (catalyst/reactant mass ratio), 2.5 hours ours of reaction time, a reaction temperature of 403 K, and a molar ratio of 3:1 of CH₂O to methanol, achieving a high selectivity of 99.09% PODE_1-6 and 28.23% PODE_3-6 with 55.16% methanol conversion during the reaction.     

A Dual Inhibitor of DYRK1A and GSK3β for β-Cell Proliferation: Aminopyrazine Derivative GNF4877

Loss of β-cell mass and function can lead to insufficient insulin levels and ultimately to hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus. The mainstream treatment approach involves regulation of insulin levels; however, approaches intended to increase β-cell mass are less developed. Promoting β-cell proliferation with low-molecular-weight inhibitors of dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) offers the potential to treat diabetes with oral therapies by restoring β-cell mass, insulin content and glycemic control. GNF4877, a potent dual inhibitor of DYRK1A and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) was previously reported to induce primary human β-cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we describe the lead optimization that lead to the identification of GNF4877 from an aminopyrazine hit identified in a phenotypic high-throughput screening campaign measuring β-cell proliferation.     

Mechanisms of EGFR Resistance in Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite numerous efforts to target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), commonly dysregulated in GBM, approaches directed against EGFR have not achieved the same degree of success as seen in other tumor types, particularly as compared to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR alterations in glioblastoma lie primarily in the extracellular domain, unlike the kinase domain alterations seen in NSCLC. Small molecule inhibitors are difficult to develop for the extracellular domain. Monoclonal antibodies can be developed to target the extracellular domain but must contend with the blood brain barrier (BBB). We review the role of EGFR in GBM, the history of trialed treatments, and the potential paths forward to target the pathway that may have greater success.     

Bonding strength and thermal shock resistance of a novel bilayer (c-AlPO4-SiCw-mullite)/SiC coated carbon fiber reinforced CMCs

Mullite coating, SiC whiskers toughened mullite coating (SiC_w-mullite), and cristobalite aluminum phosphate (c-AlPO₄) particle modified SiC_w-mullite coating (c-AlPO₄-SiC_w-mullite) were prepared on SiC coated C/SiC composites using a novel sol-gel method combined with air spraying. Results show that molten SiO₂ formed by the oxidation of SiC whiskers and molten c-AlPO₄ improved the bonding strength between mullite outer coating and SiC–C/SiC composites due to their high-temperature bonding properties. The bonding strength between mullite, SiC_w-mullite, c-AlPO₄-SiC_w-mullite outer coatings and SiC–C/SiC composites were 2.41, 4.31, and 7.38 MPa, respectively. After 48 thermal cycles between 1773 K and room temperature, the weight loss of mullite/SiC coating coated C/SiC composites was up to 11.61%, while the weight losses of SiC_w-mullite/SiC and c-AlPO₄-SiC_w-mullite/SiC coatings coated C/SiC composites were reduced to 7.40% and 5.12%, respectively. The addition of appropriate SiC whiskers can considerably improve the thermal shock resistance of mullite coating owing to their excellent mechanical properties at high temperature. In addition, c-AlPO₄ particles can further improve the thermal shock resistance of SiC_w-mullite coating due to their high-temperature bonding and sealing properties. No obvious micro-pores and cracks were observed on the surface of c-AlPO₄-SiC_w-mullite coating after 48 thermal cycles due to timely healing effect by formation of secondary mullite.     

密相栓塞水平气力输送压降初步分析

本文应用粉体力学、流体力学原理,建立了可用试验方法测试某些参数的松态密相栓塞水平气力输送理论压降过程.通过1 管路输送及单料栓试验得到理论公式各参数间规律.对基本非粘结性粉体实际应用具有一定的指导意义.     

丙烯酸系列复鞣剂PAAS的研究（II）—合成及合成条件优选

以游离基引发水相共聚方式合成出了系列丙烯酸类新型复鞣剂PAAS—Ⅰ～Ⅳ,讨论了合成PAAS复鞣剂的影响因素。采用正交试验法对PAAS—Ⅲ的合成条件进行了优选。结果表明:引发剂用量、单体配比是合成PAAS复鞣剂的主要影响因素,优选合成条件时应予以优先考虑。     

电模拟平面径向流理论在实际运用中几个问题的探讨

本文探讨了利用水电模拟原理,电模拟平面径向流理论在实际运用中存在的问题。分析了水电两种流动介质的流动特性,通过理论探讨和实验,揭示了存在问题的原因,提出了电模拟和平面径向流中各参数(供给半径,导电液浓度,电源频率)的合理选择原则,以保证理论在实际运用中更加切合实际情况。     

通过多层介质散斑法测量球罐内表面裂纹的应力强度因子K_1

本文介绍了通过多层介质散斑照相退放大技术记录负片,采用逐点分析法测量受内压1?MnR钢制球形容器的内表面半椭圆形裂纹的SCOD及其应力强度因子K_1,并与Schmitt-Kiem解作了比较,两者符合得很好。     

混合电解质溶液热力学——从渗透系数计算溶质活度系数的新型公式和计算方法

从热力学基本关系式出发,应用变量替换,导出从混合电解质溶液的渗透系数计算溶质活度系数的通用热力学方程。分别讨论了在以离子强度I和组分离子强度分数y为变量,或以总离子浓度m和组分离子浓度分数y为变量时方程的各种实用形式。以m和y为变量的方程与C. Pan的方程相同,但不需要两电解质具有相同电价形式的限制。从电解质溶液的理论分析导出渗透系数φ的合适的函数式,使φ的曲面拟合能在较大的浓度区间上进行且有较高的精度。将拟合的φ曲面函数式代入本文的方程能非常简单地求出溶质的活度系数,解决了I=0端点的广义积分问题。四个体系的计算结果与Pitzer方程的结果吻合,本文的公式和计算方法还适用于溶质为非挥发性的非电解质体系。