高职毕业生就业期望的调查及分析

科学合理的就业期望,有利于毕业生顺利实现就业目标.为了了解高职毕业生就业期望问题,对河北省2013届毕业生的就业观念、期望就业地区、就业单位性质、就业薪金、基层就业意愿等方面进行了调查分析.结果表明:河北省高职毕业生在择业时过分关注个人利益,求高薪、求稳定、求舒适的心态较为普遍,存在就业期望偏高的现象,并提出了从政府政策支持、高职院校就业教育、毕业生就业观念调整及综合素质提升等方面的相应建议.     

铝质易拉罐轻量化实现途径及其关键技术

轻量化是降低铝质易拉罐生产成本、促进技术进步的重要手段。分析了实现铝质易拉罐轻量化的主要技术途径,包括减薄铝板材厚度和减小罐口直径2个方面。在此基础上,探讨了改善铝板材冶金质量与变形性能、优化罐型并改进工装模具等实现轻量化的关键技术。     

Stepped enhancement of CO2 adsorption and separation in IL-ZIF-IL composites with shell-interlayer-core structure

Development of materials with excellent separation performance remains an ongoing challenge in separation science and technology. Herein, a novel strategy was proposed to gradually enhance gas separation performance in micro/nano-materials, by constructing a shell-interlayer-core structure using ionic liquid (triethylenetetramine lactate, [TETA]L) and zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8). Such structure includes outer [TETA]L shell, interlayer of ZIF-8, and inner [TETA]L core, endowing the composite with more evident molecular sieving separation for CO₂ mixtures than the reported materials. A high CO₂ adsorption amount (1.53 mmol/g at 298 K and 1.0 bar) is maintained, while the uptakes for CH₄ and N₂ are very low. Corresponding ideal adsorbed solution theory selectivities are 260–1,990 and 1,688–5,572 for CO₂/CH₄ and CO₂/N₂ mixtures at the range of tested pressures. In addition, the separation performance can be controlled by varying the shell-interlayer-core structure with IL inside, outside or on both sides of ZIF-8 and the thickness of outer shell.     

Phase evolution,crystal structure,and microwave dielectric properties of gillespite-type ceramics

A gillespite-structured MCuSi₄O₁₀ (M = Ba_1-xSr_x, Sr_1-xCa_x) ceramics with tetrahedral structure (P4/ncc) were prepared by solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry with differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) were employed to study the phase synthesis process of BaCuSi₄O₁₀. Pure BaCuSi₄O₁₀ phase was obtained at 1075°C and decomposed into BaSiO₃, BaCuSi₂O₆, and SiO₂ when calcined at 1200°C. The relationships between the crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties of MCuSi₄O₁₀ ceramics were revealed based on the Rietveld refinement and P-V-L complex chemical bond theory. The dielectric constant (ε_r) decreased linearly with decreasing total bond susceptibility and ionic polarizability. Quality factor (Q × f) was closely dependent on bond strength and lattice energy. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τ_f) was controlled by the stability of [CuO₄]⁶⁻ plane in MCuSi₄O₁₀. Optimum microwave dielectric properties were obtained for SrCuSi₄O₁₀ when sintered at 1100°C for 3 hours with a ε_r of 5.59, a Q × f value of 82 252 GHz, and a τ_f of −41.34 ppm/°C. Thus, SrCuSi₄O₁₀ is a good candidate for millimeter-wave devices.     

Sodium citrate-assisted synthesis of nano-manganese oxide on carbon fiber for enhancing the mechanical and frictional performances of carbon fiber-reinforced resin matrix composites

Aiming to enhance the carbon fiber (CF)/resin interfacial adhesion, this report describes the novel application of sodium citrate (SC) as an auxiliary reducing agent and surface regulator to control the morphology of nano-manganese dioxide (MnO₂) on the CF surface. The composites were fabricated by means of controlling the molar concentration ratio of SC to Mn source (0:1, 1:3, 1:2, and 1:1) in hydrothermal synthesis. The results reveal that MnO₂ nanosheets on the CF surface become denser as the concentration of SC is 1/3 of Mn source, which makes advance to the surface roughness and surface energy of CF. Simultaneously, the tensile strength of as-prepared composite is increased by 52.8%. The homologous friction coefficient tends to be high and stable and the wear volume is significantly reduced by 63.8 and 26.5% under the applied loads of 3 and 5 N in contrast with the original composites prepared without SC. As a result, it can be inferred that SC plays a crucial role in enhancing the interfacial bonding strength between the CF and matrix, providing insights into the interface control of CF-reinforced resin matrix composites.     

Effect of particle size on flame retardancy and mechanical properties of hydroxyethyl diphosphate modified aluminum hydroxide intrinsic polyethylene terephthalate

Organic–inorganic hybrid flame retardant was obtained by modifying aluminum hydroxide with different particle size with 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid. The structure of the organic–inorganic hybrid flame retardant is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy, while ¹H-NMR spectroscopy only characterizes specific samples. The thermal stability and flame retardancy of the samples were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion of UL-94 and cone calorimeter. The results show that the modified 10 μm aluminum hydroxide has a better effect than the 25 μm aluminum hydroxide and 100 nm aluminum hydroxide. Compared with pure polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the LOI value of the best sample is increased by 24.4%, and UL-94 V reaches V-0 level. Heat release rate, total heat release rate, and carbon monoxide production rate decreased by 45.8%, 33.2%, and 41.5%, respectively, compared to pure PET. The results showed that the aluminum hydroxide with a particle size of 10 μm exhibited the best flame retardant effect, which could be attributed to the decomposition of organic phosphoric acid and the dehydration of aluminum hydroxide, yielding a higher amount of residual carbon.     

Simultaneously improved solid particle erosion resistant and strength of graphene nanoplates/carbon nanotube enhanced thermoplastic polyurethane films

Up to now, it is a major challenge to protect leading edge of the blades from solid particle erosion. Herein, we propose a structure optimization strategy to fabricate non-woven (NW) enhanced thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposite films (thermoplastic polyurethane [TPU] - NW@G/C_x) with “sandwich - like” structure by hot pressing technology. TPU NW/graphene nanoplates/carbon nanotube (NW@G/C_x) interlayer film were first fabricated by spraying method. Then the interlayer film was laminated between TPU films to fabricate nanocomposite films. Such prepared TPU - NW@G/C_x film shows excellent solid particle erosion resistance and high-tensile strength. For example, the “steel-and-mortar” structure of NW fabric in TPU film results in high-tensile strength of 45 MPa and storage modulus of 21.2 MPa for TPU - NW@G/C_1.0, increasing by 25% and 171% compared with original TPU film (35 MPa, 8 MPa), respectively. In addition, compared with pure TPU film, the “sandwich - like” structure endows TPU - NW@G/C_1.2 with excellent solid particle erosion resistance and the thermal conductivity (0.251 W/m·K). These superior properties extends application of the TPU - NW@G/C_x film on wind turbine blades.     

虚拟直流发电机励磁补偿控制策略

虚拟直流发电机(VDCG)功率协调控制策略将直流电机算法嵌入到DC/DC变换器控制回路中,使其模拟直流发电机运行特性,提升直流微网直流母线电压的动态稳定性。该控制通过功率分配环实现不同容量储能装置间的功率协调分配,但已有的VDCG功率协调控制策略均采用固定励磁磁通作为虚拟电机励磁系数,当再生能源输出功率发生波动或负载发生投切时,直流母线电压会产生稳态电压偏移。为消除母线电压偏移,在详细分析VDCG功率协调控制工作机理的基础上,提出虚拟直流发电机励磁补偿控制策略,通过实时补偿VDCG励磁,消除母线电压偏移,稳定直流母线电压。构建储能装置双机并联光储直流微网仿真及实验平台,分别在再生能源功率波动和负载投切情况下对传统固定励磁磁通功率协调VDCG控制及所提VDCG励磁补偿控制策略进行对比仿真及实验验证,证明所提控制策略的正确性。     

一起大型换流变压器产气分析判断和理论研究

本文中作者论述了换流变压器温升试验产气问题.提出了拉带故障的试验分析方法及常用换流变铁心夹紧结构拉带紧固力矩计算方法,提出了换流变压器铁心结构设计改进措施.     

Ce对共晶Al-Si合金微观组织的影响

研究了Ce的变质处理时间和加入量对共晶Al-Si合金微观组织的影响。结果表明,Ce对共晶Al-Si合金有明显的变质效果,经Ce变质处理后,共晶Si由长针状变为珊瑚状;Ce的变质处理时间和加入量也会影响变质效果,Ce在共晶Al-Si合金中的最佳加入量(质量分数,下同)为1%,最佳变质处理时间为60~90min。