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排序方式: 共有4990条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
21.
Keishi Sakamoto Atsushi Kasugai Masaki Tsuneoka Koji Takahashi Yukiharu Ikeda Tsuyoshi Imai Takashi Nagashima Mitsuru Ohta Tsuyoshi Kariya Kenichi Hayashi Yoshika Mitsunaka Yosuke Hirata Yasuyuki Itoh Yukio Okazaki 《Journal of Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves》1997,18(9):1637-1654
A development of 170GHz/500kW level gyrotron was carried out as R&D work of ITER. The oscillation mode is TE31,8. In a short pulse experiment, the maximum power of 750kW was achieved at 85kV/40A. The efficiency was 22%. In the depressed collector operation, 500kW/36%/50ms was obtained. The maximum efficiency of 40% was obtained at PRF=470kW whereas the power decrease by the electron trapping was observed. Pulse extension was done up to 10s at PRF=170kW with the depressed collector operation. The power was limited by the temperature increase of the output window. 相似文献
22.
SiB4±x
and SiB6 plates were prepared by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) using SiCl4, B2H6 and H2 gases under the conditions of deposition temperatures (T
dep) from 1323–1773 K, total gas pressures (P
tot) from 4–40 kPa and B/Si source gas ratio (m
B/Si=2B2H6/SiCl4) from 0.2–2.8. The effects of CVD conditions on the morphology, structure and composition of the deposits were examined.
High-purity and high-density SiB4±x
and SiB6 plates about 1 mm thick were obtained at the deposition rates of 71 and 47 nm s−1, respectively. The lattice parameter, composition and density of CVD SiB4±x
plates were dependent on their non-stoichiometry. The lattice parameter,a, was 0.6325 nm, butc ranged from 1.262–1.271 nm.The B/Si atomic ratio ranged from 3.1–5.0, and the density ranged from 2.39–2.45×103 kg m−3. The CVD SiB6 plates showed constant values of lattice parameters (a=1.444 nm,b=1.828 nm,c=0.9915 nm), composition (B/Si=6.0) and density (2.42×103 kg m−3), independent of CVD conditions. 相似文献
23.
High performance liquid chromatographic separation of a series of mono-, di- and trihydroxylated 5β-cholanic acids which differ
only in position and configuration of hydroxyl groups at positions C-3, C-7 and/or C-12, is reported. The C-24 free acids
were derivatized to four different classes of UV-sensitive esters, i.e.,p-bromophenacyl (BP),m-methoxyphenacyl (MP), 4-nitrophthalimidemethyl (NPM) and 9-anthrylmethyl (AM) esters, and chromatographed on two, variants
of C18 reversed-phase columns (Nova-Pak C18 and Zorbax ODS) with methanol-water systems as mobile phase. Separation efficiency and elution order of some isomeric pairs
were influenced by both the structure of the C-24 ester groups and the nature of the columns used. Excellent chromatographic
properties were found for those derivatives, particularly for the NPM esters. 相似文献
24.
25.
Yurak Son Takuya Kamano Takashi Yasuno Takayuki Suzuki Hironobu Harada 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2006,155(1):35-43
This paper describes the generation of adaptive gait patterns using new Central Pattern Generators (CPGs) including motor dynamic models for a quadruped robot under various environments. The CPGs act as the flexible oscillators of the joints and adjust joint angles to required values. The CPGs are interconnected with each other and sets of their coupling parameters are adjusted by a genetic algorithm so that the quadruped robot can realize stable and adequate gait patterns. Generation of gait patterns results in the formation of the CPG networks suitable for the formation of not only a straight walking pattern but also of rotating gait patterns. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CPG networks are effective for the automatic adjustment of the adaptive gait patterns for the tested quadruped robot under various environments. Furthermore, the target tracking control based on image processing is achieved by combining the general gait patterns. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(1): 35–43, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20225 相似文献
26.
Hikojiro Saitoh Takashi Takata Hiromasa Nikai Hideaki Shintani Suong-Hyu Hyon Yoshito Ikada 《Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine》1994,5(4):194-199
This study was undertaken to examine the osseous tissue compatibility of polylactic acid (PLA) with properties of bioabsorbability and plasticity. Two kinds of granular PLA with different molecular weight (PLA-H: 28 000 MW, PLA-L: 10 600 MW) were implanted into rat tibiae and light microscopic sections were prepared at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks following surgery. The tissue compatibility of the PLAs was compared with that of hydroxyapatite (HAP) which is a non-absorbable biocompatible material. After implantation, both PLAs were gradually absorbed and replaced by marrow tissue at 24 weeks. PLA-H degraded slower than PLA-L. New bone formation was observed around each PLA by 4 weeks, and a vast amount of bone deposited on PLA-H at 16 weeks. Phagocytic reactions to the PLAs were noted, however, severe inflammation was not seen. HAP was not absorbed and bone surrounded it throughout the experiment. These results indicate good tissue compatibility of PLA as a bioabsorbable material at the skeletal site. 相似文献
27.
Takashi Kato Tadahiro Kurosawa Takashi Nakamura 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》2002,480(2-3):571-590
A simple phenomenological analysis using the moving source model has been performed on the neutron energy spectra produced by bombarding thick targets with high energy heavy ions which have been systematically measured at the Heavy-Ion Medical Accelerator (HIMAC) facility (located in Chiba, Japan) of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS). For the bombardment of both heavy ions and protons in the energy region of 100–500 MeV per nucleon, the moving source model incorporating the knock-on process could be generally successful in reproducing the measured neutron spectra within a factor of two margin of accuracy. This phenomenological analytical equation is expressed having several parameters as functions of atomic number Zp, mass number Ap, energy per nucleon Ep for projectile, and atomic number ZT, mass number AT for target. By inputting these basic data for projectile and target into this equation we can easily estimate the secondary neutron energy spectra at an emission angle of 0–90° for bombardment with heavy ions and protons in the aforementioned energy region. This method will be quite useful to estimate the neutron source term in the neutron shielding design of high energy proton and heavy ion accelerators. 相似文献
28.
The MOBILE is a logic gate exploiting the monostable-bistable transition of a circuit that consists of two resonant tunneling transistors connected in series. It has several advantages including multiple inputs and multiple functions. This paper describes the output characteristics of multiple-input MOBILE's and discusses their applications. For a two-input MOBILE, it is demonstrated that both NAND and NOR operations are possible with the appropriate control voltage. This implies the possibility of a variable function logic gate. Furthermore, the threshold logic operations for a weighted sum of input signals are demonstrated for a three-input MOBILE with a weight ratio of 4:2:1. The applications of MOBILE's in parallel processing architectures such as cellular automata and cellular neural networks are discussed based on the above results. Circuit simulations using a simple model of resonant tunneling transistors successfully reproduce the basic characteristics of MOBILE's, and demonstrate the usefulness of MOBILE's in such applications 相似文献
29.
Hiroyuki Miki Takanori Takeno Toshiyuki Takagi Alexei Bozhko Mikhail Shupegin Hideya Onodera Takao Komiyama Takashi Aoyama 《Diamond and Related Materials》2006,15(11-12):1898
Superconductivity in a tungsten-containing carbon-oxide film was reported. The film with 500 nm thickness was deposited onto polycrystalline silicon oxides using chemical vapor deposition and the co-sputtering of a tungsten metal target. The bonding state of the carbon atoms and the macroscopic and microscopic crystal structure of the film were investigated by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy measurements. From the experimental results, we determined that this film essentially had an amorphous structure. The temperature dependence on resistivity was measured in the temperature range of 2–300 K. Resistive superconducting transition was observed at 3.8 K. The dc magnetizations were measured in the temperature range of 1.8–6.5 K. The diamagnetism resulting from a superconductive state was observed below 3.75 K, which is consistent with a resistive superconducting transition. It is thought that the finite sized clusters of the different superconductive transition temperatures cooperatively produce a macroscopic superconducting phenomenon. 相似文献
30.
The photografting of methacrylic acid (MAA) on a linear low‐density polyethylene film (thickness = 30 μm) under air and nitrogen atmospheres was investigated at 60°C in mixed solvents consisting of water and an organic solvent, with xanthone as a photoinitiator. The organic solvents used were acetone, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane. A maximum percentage of grafting occurred at a certain concentration of the organic solvent in the mixed solvent. This was observed for the systems under both air and nitrogen. The grafting reaction under air exhibited an induction period, but the rate of grafting after the period was greater than that under nitrogen. The formation of poly(ethylene peroxide)s by photoirradiation seemed to be a factor for the accelerated photografting under air. On the basis of attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy of the grafted film, the MAA‐grafted chains of the sample prepared under air tended to penetrate more deeply inside the film than those of the sample prepared under nitrogen. The resulting grafted films exhibited a pH‐responsive character: the grafted films shrank in an acidic medium but swelled in alkaline medium. This was evaluated from measurements of dimensional changes in the grafted films. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 992–998, 2003 相似文献