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101.
102.
The Tempering Effect of Transportation: Exploring the Effects of Transportation and Identification During Exposure to Controversial Two‐Sided Narratives 下载免费PDF全文
In 2 studies, we explored the effects of transportation and identification on attitudes following exposure to relevant and controversial 2‐sided narratives. Participants read a story featuring 2 protagonists who held 2 opposing positions about a provocative issue. In Study 1, we manipulated identification and found that identification with the concordant character tended to polarize attitudes whereas identification with the discordant character tempered attitudes. In Study 2, we manipulated transportation and found that it moderated pre‐exposure attitudes. Results are discussed in terms of the differences between these processes and their effects, and the potential use of narratives to moderate attitudes even in the context of highly charged conflicts. 相似文献
103.
Talia Lavie Tal Oron-Gilad Joachim Meyer 《International journal of human-computer studies》2011,69(1-2):80-99
This research evaluates the aesthetics and usability of various in-vehicle electronic navigation map configurations. Study 1 adapted the aesthetics scale (Lavie and Tractinsky, 2004) to accommodate evaluations of map displays. Study 2 examined map displays that vary in the amount of data presented, their abstraction level and color schema, using objective and subjective usability measures. Maps with minimal detail produced best performances and highest evaluations. Abstractions were found to be advantageous when combined with reduced amount of detail and specific color schemas. Moderate abstractions were sufficient for obtaining the desired benefits. The color schema mainly affected the objective measures, pointing to the importance of good contrast between the cursor and the map colors. Study 3 further examined map schemas. Color schemas again had no effect on the perceptions of aesthetics and usability. Overall, similar results and high correlations were found for the perceived aesthetics and usability scales, indicating the connection between perceived aesthetics and usability. Lower correlations were found between the actual usability (performance) and the aesthetics scale. Finally, users’ usability evaluations were not always in line with their actual performance, pointing to the importance of using objective usability measures. 相似文献
104.
We study a generalized version of the minimum makespan jobshop problem in which multiple instances of each job are to be processed. The system starts with specified inventory levels in all buffers and finishes with some desired inventory levels of the buffers at the end of the planning horizon. A schedule that minimizes the completion time of all the operations is sought. We develop a polynomial time asymptotic approximation procedure for the problem. That is, the ratio between the value of the delivered solution and the optimal one converge into one, as the multiplicity of the problem increases. Our algorithm uses the solution of the linear relaxation of a time-indexed Mixed-Integer formulation of the problem. In addition, a heuristic method inspired by this approximation algorithm is presented and is numerically shown to out-perform known methods for a large set of standard test problems of moderate job multiplicity. 相似文献
105.
Jos�� Luis Huertas Tal��n David Rodrigo Boria Luis Berges Muro Carmelo L��pez G��mez Jos�� Javier Mar��n Zurdo Francisco Valdivia Calvo Juan Jos�� Garde Barace 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2011,55(1-4):39-51
This paper offers a system for checking three or five axes high-speed machining centres by milling a sample sphere pattern. Using the right choice of toolpath, it is possible to check and compare the performance which the centre is capable of following. The main features under study here are ease of use and the great amount of information that can be drawn regarding high-speed machine performances, including the geometrical precision of the machine and tool setup for the chosen machining conditions. 相似文献
106.
Tal Sobol-Shikler 《Computer Speech and Language》2011,25(1):45-62
Affective states and their non-verbal expressions are an important aspect of human reasoning, communication and social life. Automated recognition of affective states can be integrated into a wide variety of applications for various fields. Therefore, it is of interest to design systems that can infer the affective states of speakers from the non-verbal expressions in speech, occurring in real scenarios. This paper presents such a system and the framework for its design and validation. The framework defines a representation method that comprises a set of affective-state groups or archetypes that often appear in everyday life. The inference system is designed to infer combinations of affective states that can occur simultaneously and whose level of expression can change over time. The framework considers also the validation and generalisation of the system. The system was built of 36 independent pair-wise comparison machines, with average accuracy (tenfold cross-validation) of 75%. The accumulated inference system yielded total accuracy of 83% and recognised combinations for different nuances within the affective-state groups. In addition to the ability to recognise these affective-state groups, the inference system was applied to characterisation of a very large variety of affective state concepts (549 concepts) as combinations of the affective-state groups. The system was also applied to annotation of affective states that were naturally evoked during sustained human–computer interactions and multi-modal analysis of the interactions, to new speakers and to a different language, with no additional training. The system provides a powerful tool for recognition, characterisation, annotation (interpretation) and analysis of affective states. In addition, the results inferred from speech in both English and Hebrew, indicate that the vocal expressions of complex affective states such as thinking, certainty and interest transcend language boundaries. 相似文献
107.
Tal Vitaly Zlotnikov Ofir Degani Igor Brouk Yael Nemirovsky 《Microelectronics Journal》2011,42(10):1143-1150
We present analysis, optimization, design and characterization of an integrated passive analog phase shifter at 24 GHz in a commercially available 45 nm RF-CMOS process. The design is based on a well-known RC bridge topology, which was optimized for maximum phase shift and minimal amplitude response variation versus phase and frequency. Phase is controlled by varying DC voltage on a varactor, resulting in 60° maximum phase shift with 0.1 dB amplitude variation at 24 GHz. The size of the phase shifter circuit excluding pads and input/output buffers is 40×50 μm2. 相似文献
108.
The catalytic activity of copper oxide nanoparticles was investigated for the removal of organic pollutants in aqueous solutions, using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. Complete degradation of both alachlor and phenanthrene was achieved after 20 min. The kinetics of the reaction was found to be pseudo-first-order with respect to the pollutant. The influence on the reaction kinetics of different catalyst samples, consisting of the same material but of different origin and different particle properties, was examined. The effects of several factors such as irradiation, oxidant concentration, ionic strength and pH on the reaction were also investigated. The catalysis is not photo-induced and can be performed without UV–vis irradiation. In particular, an optimal oxidant concentration was determined for the studied system. The presence of salts was found to inhibit the alachlor degradation rate. The addition of high concentrations of oxidant or salt results in pseudo-zero-order kinetics. However, NaCl at very high concentrations (>1 M) was found to cause a dramatic increase in reaction rate. The catalysis is efficient over a wide range of pH values. 相似文献
109.
110.
To date, all published confirmations of the Pygmalion hypothesis among adults have involved men. The few studies among women have had methodological ambiguities. The authors conducted 2 experiments in the Israel Defense Forces to test the Pygmalion hypothesis among women. In both studies, the leaders were led to believe that the trainees randomly assigned to the Pygmalion condition had higher than usual potential. Experiment 1 tested the Pygmalion hypothesis among female officer cadets led by women. Although the treatment did raise expectations, none of the performance measures and none of the mediators or the moderators evidenced any expectancy effects. Experiment 2 tested the Pygmalion hypothesis among women and men taking the same course in gender-segregated platoons. The Pygmalion hypothesis was confirmed among men led by a man and among women led by a man but not among women led by a woman. The authors concluded that the Pygmalion effect can be produced among women but perhaps not by women. Pygmalion research among women leading men is now needed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献