混凝土拱坝温度应力与横缝性态智能控制方法

温控防裂与横缝工作性态调控是混凝土拱坝施工期面临的两大难题,而冷却通水策略是控制拱坝混凝土安全、横缝开合的关键因素。为此,本文提出了混凝土拱坝温度应力与横缝性态智能控制方法,并综合应用智能化控制理念、仿真分析工具、自动控制技术构建了混凝土拱坝温度应力与横缝性态智能控制系统。分析表明,该系统有效调控了坝体应力与横缝工作性态、充分发挥了混凝土材料性能、大幅提升了温控施工效率,实现了拱坝温控防裂与横缝性态调控的多目标智能优化。     

变流场情景下基于鱼类游泳特性的上溯通道分析

水电开发对洄游性鱼类的生境造成了影响,预测目标鱼类洄游期的上溯通道可为修建过鱼设施提供依据,从而减缓其负面效应。本文选取虎渡溪航电工程的下游河段作为研究区域,将长薄鳅、白甲鱼、异鳔鳅鮀作为目标鱼类,针对几种目标鱼类的游泳能力对不同流速进行分区后,得出了适用于多种过鱼目标的流速适宜度曲线,然后对研究区域过鱼期的典型流量进行了数值模拟。根据流速适宜度曲线对研究区域的多种过鱼目标进行了流速适宜度评价,并由评价结果预测了满足多目标过鱼要求的上溯通道。结果表明：流速适宜度评价最优区域出现的位置随流量变化而有所不同,低流量运行条件下出现在主流区域,而高流量运行条件下出现在主流区域两侧;上溯的通道面积占总面积的比例也随流量变化而有所不同,低流量运行条件下的占比约为高流量运行条件下的3 ~ 4倍。根据预测通道特征,对鱼道的进口布置及电站运行调度提供了建议。该结果可为相关鱼类的保护工作提供依据。     

计及冰灾影响的电力系统韧性评估与提升方法

随着全球气候的变化和极端天气事件的频发,给电力系统的安全运行带来了极大挑战.为了评估和提升电力系统对此类灾害的抵抗能力,提出了计及冰灾影响的电力系统韧性评估方法,建立了一系列包含系统级及元件级的实用韧性量化指标,从系统及元件层面上量化冰灾对电力系统的影响.在此基础上,结合冰灾的特性,提出了一种包含整个冰灾过程的电力系统韧性提升策略,分别从灾前、灾中2个时段定位系统的薄弱环节,并进行冰灾下的电力系统韧性提升.最后在IEEE RTS-79测试系统中,验证了所提方法的有效性和实用性.     

Characterization of Apo-Form Selective Inhibition of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase**

Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a heme-containing enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism. As it is an inflammation-induced immunoregulatory enzyme, pharmacological inhibition of IDO1 activity is currently being pursued as a potential therapeutic tool for the treatment of cancer and other disease states. As such, a detailed understanding of the mechanism of action of IDO1 inhibitors with various mechanisms of inhibition is of great interest. Comparison of an apo-form-binding IDO1 inhibitor (GSK5628) to the heme-coordinating compound, epacadostat (Incyte), allows us to explore the details of the apo-binding inhibition of IDO1. Herein, we demonstrate that GSK5628 inhibits IDO1 by competing with heme for binding to a heme-free conformation of the enzyme (apo-IDO1), whereas epacadostat coordinates its binding with the iron atom of the IDO1 heme cofactor. Comparison of these two compounds in cellular systems reveals a long-lasting inhibitory effect of GSK5628, previously undescribed for other known IDO1 inhibitors. Detailed characterization of this apo-binding mechanism for IDO1 inhibition might help design superior inhibitors or could confer a unique competitive advantage over other IDO1 inhibitors vis-à-vis specificity and pharmacokinetic parameters.     

冻融与氯盐耦合作用下超细粉煤灰混凝土抗碳化性能研究

为了研究氯盐与冻融耦合作用下超细粉煤灰混凝土的碳化性能,对不同掺量超细粉煤灰混凝土进行了抗压强度试验、基准碳化试验、冻融-碳化试验和盐冻-碳化耦合试验.结果表明:在标准养护条件下,混凝土试件中掺入少量超细粉煤灰会降低试件本身的抗压强度,但降低幅度不大,而掺入大量的超细粉煤灰其抗压强度下降比较明显.干燥养护下,掺入超细粉煤灰对试件的抗压强度影响较小,其抗压强度随掺量没有出现骤降.掺入适量的超细粉煤灰能提高混凝土的抗碳化性能,随着超细粉煤灰掺量增加,抗碳化性降低,当超细粉煤灰掺量超过25％时对混凝土抗碳化性能影响不大.当超细粉煤灰参量一定时,盐冻-碳化循环试验对混凝土碳化深度最不利,且超细粉煤灰混凝土的碳化深度与循环次数呈现二次函数关系.     

Effects of blending on surface characteristics of copper corrosion products in drinking water distribution systems

Copper scales formed over 6-months during exposure to ground, surface and saline waters were characterized by EDS, XRD and XPS. Scale color and hardness were light red-brown-black/hard for high alkalinity and blue-green/soft for high SO₄ or Cl waters. Cl was present in surface or saline copper scales. The Cu/Cu₂O ratio decreased with time indicating an e transfer copper corrosion mechanism. Cu₂O, CuO, and Cu(OH)₂ dominated the top 0.5-1 A° scale indicating continuous corrosion. Cu₂O oxidation to CuO increased with alkalinity, and depended on time and pH. Total copper release was predicted using a Cu(OH)₂ model.     

Preparation of carbon nanotube composite material with metal matrix by electroplating

It is demonstrated that the nickel can be deposited directly on the surface of carbon nanotubes without pre-sensitization by Sn^2＋ and Pd^2＋ in a watt bath containing suspended nanotubes by electroplating. The nickel is deposited as spherical nanoparticle on the nanotubes. By increasing reaction time, the carbon nanotube is fully coated with nickel. A probable model, which represents the formation process of carbon nanotube-nickel composites by electroplating, is presented. The results show that this method is efficient and simple for preparing carbon nanotube-metal composite.     

铜在雨水中的腐蚀行为电化学研究

采用电化学动电位扫描和交流阻抗研究了铜在模拟斯 德哥尔摩雨水中的腐蚀行为.铜表面存在少量腐蚀产物时，铜在雨水中的腐蚀主要由电化学 机制控制；随着腐蚀产物在铜表面的大量生成和沉积，存在腐蚀产物的区域和不存在腐蚀产 物的区域，形成了电偶腐蚀电池，腐蚀产物区为阴极.     

不饱和油脂加氢催化剂的研究

以Al₂O₃、硅藻土为载体，NiO或甲酸镍为活性组分前驱体，采用不同的沉淀法工艺制备了负载型单元镍催化剂，在相同的条件下进行活性评价。研究表明，以NiO为活性组分前驱体要优于甲酸镍，沉淀过程中反加中和优于正加中和。     

The lime-silica-water system: Equilibria at bulk calcium/silicon ratios of 1·5–2·5 AT 180–250°C

The stability relationships of xonotlite, foshagite and hillebrandite relative to kilchoanite and calcio-chondrodite have been studied under saturated steam pressures at 180° and 250°. Kilchoanite was unstable relative to xonotlite plus hillebrandite at 180°, or to foshagite plus hillebrandite at 250°; calcio-chondrodite was unstable relative to hillebrandite plus some more lime-rich phase, possibly Ca(OH)₂, at both temperatures. Foshagite was stable relative to xonotlite plus hillebrandite at 250°, but unstable relative to these phases at 180°.