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51.
52.
Katsutoshi Mizuno Yoshiki Miyazaki Ken Nagashima Asumi Kawano Tetsuji Okamura 《低温学》2011,51(6):321-325
A cold storage system specialized in mobile high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets (e.g. for magnetically levitated (maglev) vehicles) has been proposed. In this system, a cooling source is detachable and a HTS coil is capable of maintaining superconducting state with its heat capacity. This system allows a considerably lightweight HTS magnet.An apparatus was constructed to evaluate the possibility of using cold storage systems in maglev vehicles. The thermal characteristic of this apparatus was based on a magnet for previous maglev test vehicles [1]. The operational temperature range of the magnet was assumed from 20 K to 50 K. Some experiments indicated that heat conduction by residual gas was not negligible. Especially over 30 K, gas conduction took a large part of heat input. This phenomenon is attributable to reduction of cryopumping effect. However, activated carbon in the apparatus compensates cryopumping effect. A unique heat capacitor was also used to enhance the cold storage effect. Water ice was chosen as a heat capacitor because water ice has a higher heat capacity than metallic materials at cryogenic temperatures. A small amount of water ice also prolonged cryogenic temperature condition. These results indicate 1 day of cold storage is probable in a magnet for maglev vehicles. 相似文献
53.
Nishibe T. Funamizu M. Okuda H. Furuyama H. Hirayama Y. Nakamura M. Iwamoto M. 《Electronics letters》1987,23(1):34-35
Entirely hydride VPE-grown 1.5?m DFB lasers have been obtained by means of high controllability in film thickness and alloy composition for the GalnAsP/InP system. A low threshold current of 13 mA was achieved by improving the growth method for the layer burying the grating. High uniformity in threshold current and lasing wavelength (Ith = 27.3 ± 9.7 mA, ? = 15571 ± 12?) was obtained. 相似文献
54.
The electronic states of sodium ion (Na+) trapped on the model surfaces of amorphous carbon have been investigated by means of hybrid density functional theory (DFT) calculations to elucidate the nature of interaction between Na+/Na and the amorphous carbon surfaces. Also, direct molecular orbital-molecular dynamics (MO-MD) calculation [Tachikawa and Shimizu, J. Phys. Chem. B, 110 (2006) 20445] was applied to diffusion processes of the Na+ ion on the model surface of amorphous carbon. Seven models of graphene sheets (n = 7, 14, 19, 29, 37, 44 and 52, where n means numbers of rings in each carbon cluster) were considered in the present study. The B3LYP/LANL2MB calculations showed that the sodium ion is located at 2.24-2.26 Å from the graphene surfaces. The direct MO-MD calculations showed that the Na+ ion diffuses freely on the surface above 300 K. At higher temperature (1100 K), the Na+ ion moved from the center to edge region of the model surface. The nature of the interaction between Na+ and the amorphous carbon surfaces was discussed on the basis of theoretical results. 相似文献
55.
Takai Y. Fujita M. Nagata K. Isa S. Nakazawa S. Hirobe A. Ohkubo H. Sakao M. Horiba S. Fukase T. Takaishi Y. Matsuo M. Komuro M. Uchida T. Sakoh T. Saino K. Uchiyama S. Takada Y. Sekine J. Nakanishi N. Oikawa T. Igeta M. Tanabe H. Miyamoto H. Hashimoto T. Yamaguchi H. Koyama K. Kobayashi Y. Okuda T. 《Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of》2000,35(2):149-162
This paper describes three circuit technologies indispensable for high-bandwidth multibank DRAM's. (1) A clock generator based on a bidirectional delay (BDD) eliminates the output skew. The BDD measures the cycle time as the quantity charged or discharged of an analog quantity, and replicates it in the next cycle. This achieves a 0.18-mm 2, two-cycle-lock clock generator operating from 25 to 167 MHz with a 30-ps resolution. (2) A quad-coupled receiver eliminates the internal skew caused by the difference between a rise input and a fall input by 40%. (3) An interbank shared redundancy scheme (ISR) with a variable unit redundancy (VUR) efficiently increases yield in multibank DRAM's. The ISR allows redundancy match circuits to be shared with two or more banks. The VUR allows the number of units replaced to be variable. These circuit technologies achieved a 250-Mb/s/pin, 8-bank, 1-Gb double-data-rate synchronous DRAM 相似文献
56.
Tomoyuki Kawase Kazuhiro Okuda Hiroyuki Kogami Hitoshi Nakayama Masaki Nagata Hiromasa Yoshie 《Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine》2010,21(2):731-739
Our animal implantation studies have demonstrated that, after osteogenic processing, cultured human periosteal sheets form
osteoid tissue ectopically without the aid of conventional scaffolding materials. To improve the osteogenic activity of these
periosteal sheets, we have tested the effects of including a scaffold made of salmon collagen-coated ePTFE mesh. Periosteal
sheets were produced with minimal manipulation without enzymatic digestion. Outgrown cells penetrated into the coated mesh
fiber networks to form complex multicellular layers and increased expression of alkaline phosphatase activity in response
to the osteoinduction. In vitro mineralization was notably enhanced in the original tissue segment regions, but numerous micro-mineral
deposits were also formed on the coated-fiber networks. When implanted subcutaneously into nude mice, periosteal sheets efficiently
form osteoid around the mineral deposits. These findings suggest that the intricate three-dimensional mesh composed of collagen-coated
fibers substantially augmented the osteogenic activity of human periosteal sheets both in vitro and in vivo. 相似文献
57.
Antioxidants were extracted from Japanese pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum DC.) fruit and characterized. The antioxidant activity of the methanol extract from Japanese pepper fruit was found to be equal to that of α-tocopherol and stable under heat treatment. The main compounds that gave a significant antioxidant activity from the methanol extract were identified to be hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-galactoside) and quercitrin (quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside) as determined by HPLC, mass spectrometry, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and TLC. Radical-scavenging activities of hyperoside and quercitrin from Japanese pepper fruit were evaluated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. As a result, hyperoside and quercitrin scavenged DPPH radical strongly with IC50 values of 16 and 18 μM, respectively. These observations show the presence of strong antioxidants, namely hyperoside and quercitrin in Japanese pepper fruit. 相似文献
58.
The presence of multiple microcracks in a structural component causes material degradation such as reduction in the stiffness or reduction in the fracture toughness of the component. In this paper, the homogenization method is used to evaluate mechanical properties of the damaged material. The adaptation of the superposition method to the homogenization method is also presented. The proposed method makes use of the finite element solution of uncracked solid and the analytical solution. The effective elastic moduli of damaged materials containing lattice-distribution microcracks are estimated by the proposed method. Furthermore, the stress fields and the stress intensity factors of the elliptical microcracks in the damaged material at a micro-mechanics scale are evaluated to illustrate microscopic behavior such as crack interaction. 相似文献
59.
Okuda M. Kan Y. Ohnishi T. Yamanishi M. Mukaiyama K. Otsuka N. Nakamura Y. Suemune I. 《Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of》1990,26(9):1481-1491
Extended experimental results on three-terminal quantum-confined field-effect light emitters with current injection and field control of luminescent characteristics in the quantum-well structure are reported. By incorporating superlattice buffer layers (SLBLs), the quantum efficiency of the device is dramatically improved and equivalently nonradiative recombination processes are sufficiently suppressed at room temperature. The red-shift of the emission spectra by the quantum-confined Stark effect assures that the electric field is effectively applied to the quantum well. The experimental data on the transient responses of emission intensity to input voltage pulses show fairly good correspondences with theoretical prediction and previous photoluminescence experiments. The authors discuss the ultimate capability of high-speed switching and point that an optical pulse with a duration as short as 30 ps and involving more than 100 photons can be generated by scaling down the size of the device with 1% external efficiency 相似文献
60.
Shiang Suo Huang Lan Hui Chih Chia Hsien Lin Long Y. Chiang Tadahiko Mashino Masataka Mochizuki Kensuke Okuda Takasi Hirota Ming-Cheng Tsai Ming Cheng Tsai 《Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures》2001,9(3):375-395
The effects of hexasulfobutylated (FC4S), the fullerene derivative on the contraction of smooth muscle were tested pharmacologically on the circular muscle of stomach of guinea pigs. The effects of monomalonic acid C60 (MMA C60) on the same preparations were compared. The effects of those compounds on the taenia coli, portal vein and vas deferens of guinea pigs were also tested. The FC4S did, while MMA C60 did not elicit contracture of the circular muscle of stomach and taenia coli. Both FC4S and MMA C60 did not elicit contraction on the portal vein and on the vas deferens of the guinea pig. Prazosin (0.5 μM) or propranolol (0.5 μM) did not alter the FC4S elicit contracture of the circular muscle of stomach. However, atropine (0.01, 0.1 and 1 μM), tetrodotoxin (0.1 μM) or low calcium medium decreased reversibly the FC4S elicited contracture of the circular muscle of stomach. The effect of FC4S on the contracture of the gastric muscles was also tested using various muscarinic receptor subtype antagonists. 4-DAMP (1 μM), muscarinic M3 receptor antagonist, and tropicamide (1 μM), muscarinic M4 receptor antagonist, did not alter the contracture elicited by FC4S. Pirenzepine (0.1 μM), muscarinic M1 receptor antagonist, and methoctramine (0.25 μM), muscarinic M2 receptor antagonist, significantly decreased the FC4S elicited contracture of the circular muscle. Atropine (1 μM) or tetrodotoxin (0.1 μM) completely blocked the FC4S elicited contracture of the circular muscle of stomach. It is concluded that FC4S elicited contracture of the circular muscle of stomach. The effect may be due to FC4S acts on the cholinergic cells existed in the gastric muscle and indirectly activating the tetrodotoxin dependent releasing of the transmitters from the cells, then, activating the muscarinice M1, M2 receptors in the muscle eliciting the contractures. 相似文献