非整数阶系统连续时间域的模拟

提出了一种致力于非整数阶系统连续时间域的模拟方法.这种特殊系统的仿真建立在有限频率区间非整数阶积分算子的基础上,其非整数阶作用仅限于有限频率区域.然后,可以定义非整数阶模型的状态方程实现,它允许近似理想非整数阶系统的连续时间响应.最后,通过两个数字仿真例子来验证这种模拟方法.     

Length of Dialysis Session Is More Important Than Large Kt/V in Hemodialysis

Long, slow hemodialysis (3 × 8 hours/week) has been used without significant modification in Tassin, France, for 30 years with excellent morbidity and mortality rates. A long dialysis session easily provides high Kt/V_urea and allows for good control of nutrition and correction of anemia with a limited need for erythropoietin (EPO). Control of serum phosphate and potassium is usually achieved with low-dose medication. The good survival achieved by long hemodialysis sessions is essentially due to lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than in short dialysis sessions. This, in turn, is mainly explained by good blood pressure (BP) control without the need for antihypertensive medication. Normotension in this setting is due to the gentle but powerful ultrafiltration provided by the long sessions, associated with a low salt diet and moderate interdialytic weight gains. These allow for adequate control of extracellular volume (dry weight) in most patients without important intradialytic morbidity. Therefore, increasing the length of the dialysis session seems to be the best way of achieving satisfactory long-term clinical results.     

Chalcogen OCF3 Isosteres Modulate Drug Properties without Introducing Inherent Liabilities

The synthesis of SCF₃ as well as SeCF₃ isosteres of two OCF₃-containing drugs was achieved through visible light and copper-catalyzed processes. Herein, we show that chalcogen replacement modulates physicochemical and ADME properties without introducing intrinsic liabilities. The SCF₃ and SeCF₃ groups are more lipophilic than their oxygen counterpart; however, microsomal stability is unchanged, indicating that these molecular changes may be beneficial for in vivo half-life. Enabled by modern synthetic methods, we present the chalcogen-CF₃ groups as potential key players for future fluorinated pharmaceuticals.     

Self-efficacy about information retrieval on the web across all domains: a short measure in French and English

Considering developments on the measurement of Internet Self-Efficacy literature, a short scale was developed with a focus on web searching across all domains. The Information Retrieval On the Web Self-Efficacy scale (IROWSE) was spread from the General Self-Efficacy Scale [Schwarzer, R. 1994. “Optimism, Vulnerability, and Self-Beliefs as Health Related Cognitions: A Systematic Overview.” Psychology and Health: An International 9: 161–180] and measures the value attributed by an individual to her/his own capacity to organise and execute information searches on the web. In study 1 (N?=?228), we aimed to ensure reliability, explore factorial structure, and check for criterion-related validity of a French form. In study 2 (N?=?534), we aimed to validate an English version among US and international (non-US) sample. From an internal validity point of view, both IROWSE versions turned out satisfactory with a one-factor model of eight items. As expected, the scales were not confused with self-esteem as a trait (study 1), self-reported Internet search skills (study 2) or general attitudes towards the Internet, and stemmed from direct experience with the Internet (study 1 and 2). Overall, slight differences between samples would indicate the cultural sensitivity of IROWSE measure encouraging running studies with a comparative approach. Resorting to the IROWSE measure might enhance the understanding of Internet practices, information retrieval behaviours, and search performance since self-efficacy would thus be assessed at a more domain-specific level.     

Central Role of Dendritic Cells in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Human and Mice

The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is not fully understood, but evidence is accumulating that immune dysfunction plays a significant role. We previously reported that 31-week-old Tnfaip3^DNGR1-KO mice develop pulmonary hypertension (PH) symptoms. These mice harbor a targeted deletion of the TNFα-induced protein-3 (Tnfaip3) gene, encoding the NF-κB regulatory protein A20, specifically in type I conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s). Here, we studied the involvement of dendritic cells (DCs) in PH in more detail. We found various immune cells, including DCs, in the hearts of Tnfaip3^DNGR1-KO mice, particularly in the right ventricle (RV). Secondly, in young Tnfaip3^DNGR1-KO mice, innate immune activation through airway exposure to toll-like receptor ligands essentially did not result in elevated RV pressures, although we did observe significant RV hypertrophy. Thirdly, PH symptoms in Tnfaip3^DNGR1-KO mice were not enhanced by concomitant mutation of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (Bmpr2), which is the most affected gene in PAH patients. Finally, in human IPAH lung tissue we found co-localization of DCs and CD8+ T cells, representing the main cell type activated by cDC1s. Taken together, these findings support a unique role of cDC1s in PAH pathogenesis, independent of general immune activation or a mutation in the Bmpr2 gene.     

3D node deployment strategies prediction in wireless sensors network

ABSTRACT

3D Deployment plays a fundamental role in setting up efficient wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and IoT networks. In general, WSN are widely utilised in a set of real contexts such as monitoring smart houses and forest fires with parachuted sensors. This study focus on planned 3D deployment in which the sensor nodes must be accurately positioned at predetermined locations to optimise one or more design objectives under some given constraints. The purpose of planned deployment is to identify the type, the number, and the locations of nodes to optimise the coverage, the connectivity and the network lifetime. There have been a large number of studies that proposed algorithms resolving the premeditated problem of 3D deployment. The objective of this study is twofold. The first one is to present the complexity of 3D deployment and then detail the types of sensors, objectives, applications and recent research that concerns the strategy used to solve this problem. The second one is to present a comparative survey between the recent optimisation strategies solving the problem of 3D deployment in WSN. Based on our extensive review, we discuss the strengths and limitations of each proposed solution and compare them in terms of WSN design factors.     

Variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels overlying contrasted metamorphic rocks in a tropical humid area (Cameroon): implications for road construction

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment - The variability of the geotechnical properties of lateritic gravels developed on metamorphic rocks from the same clay protolith and of a nearby...     

Pinning of the Fermi Level in CuFeO2 by Polaron Formation Limiting the Photovoltage for Photochemical Water Splitting

CuFeO₂ is recognized as a potential photocathode for photo(electro)chemical water splitting. However, photocurrents with CuFeO₂‐based systems are rather low so far. In order to optimize charge carrier separation and water reduction kinetics, defined CuFeO₂/Pt, CuFeO₂/Ag, and CuFeO₂/NiO_x(OH)_y heterostructures are made in this work through a photodeposition procedure based on a 2H CuFeO₂ hexagonal nanoplatelet shaped powder. However, water splitting performance tests in a closed batch photoreactor show that these heterostructured powders exhibit limited water reduction efficiencies. To test whether Fermi level pinning intrinsically limits the water reduction capacity of CuFeO₂, the Fermi level tunability in CuFeO₂ is evaluated by creating CuFeO₂/ITO and CuFeO₂/H₂O interfaces and analyzing the electronic and chemical properties of the interfaces through photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicate that Fermi level pinning at the Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ electron polaron formation level may intrinsically prohibit CuFeO₂ from acquiring enough photovoltage to reach the water reduction potential. This result is complemented with density functional theory calculations as well.     

酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ及对大豆蛋白和酪蛋白的磷酸化改性

从食用酵母Ｙ．Ｌｉｐｏｌｙｔｉｃａ中制取和纯化了酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ（ＣＫ－Ⅱ），并用此酶对食用蛋白如酪蛋白及大豆球蛋白（７Ｓ）进行了磷酸化改性。结果表明：ＣＫ－Ⅱ的靶氨基酸是丝氨酸、苏氨酸和酪氨酸。经磷酸化修饰后，底物的食用功能特性显著改善。在ｐＨ２－３．５及５．５－７．５范围内，磷酸化后的牛奶酪蛋白的溶解度提高约１０％－３０％，大豆球蛋白（７Ｓ）的溶解度提高１０％以上。此外，这两种蛋白的溶解度不仅与ｐＨ值有关，而且受Ｃａ~（＋＋）浓度的影响（随着Ｃａ~（＋＋）浓度增加，溶解度降低）。但经ＣＫ－Ⅱ磷酸化改性后，它们的溶解度受Ｃａ~（＋＋）浓度的影响显著降低（ｔ－ｔｅｓｔ，Ｐ＝０．０１）。