总体城市设计产生背景、实施障碍与实施路径

改革开放以来我国城市建设在城市形态和空间方面所存在的城市整体面貌趋同、城市公共空间不足及封闭社区蔓延等问题成为总体城市设计产生的现实背景和动力。在市场经济条件下总体城市设计的目标实现存在着矛盾与障碍,形成独立系统、融入现有规划体系、调整开发与管理模式成为总体城市设计可能的实施路径。     

梭形线圈制动绕线架的改进

简要介绍了一种适用于中小型高压电机定子梭形线圈绕制的制动绕线架,它在生产过程中起了减少铜扁线绝缘损伤的作用,并能提高生产效率.     

注入式混合型有源电力滤波器控制器的研制

针对配电网10 kV高压侧对大容量谐波抑制和无功补偿的要求,提出了注入式混合型有源电力滤波器(IHAPF)拓扑结构.在分析其基本工作原理的基础上,建立了IHAPF的数学模犁.针对其数学模型,提出采川递推积分算法进行控制,可以实现给定电流的尤稳态误差跟踪和对负载扰动信号的抑制,因为对控制器的实时性要求比较高.采用了双DSP控制器.并对控制器的硬件结构组成以及所包含的软件功能模块进行了说明.实验结果证明了所采用控制算法及控制器软硬件结构的有效性.     

大学生职业道德教育的现状及对策

在知识经济时代,大学生的职业道德教育更加重要,然而目前高校大学生职业道德教育的现状却不容乐观,为此高校必须加强对大学生的职业道德教育,以适应当前时代的发展要求.     

新型并联混合有源滤波器中直流侧电压抬升问题及其解决措施

研究一种兼具大容量无功补偿能力的注入式并联混合有源滤波器,并分析其在工程应用中发现的直流侧电压抬升现象及这种现象产生的原因,在此基础上提出从采用多重化主电路结构、滞环控制法、回灌电流前馈控制法和脱离整流电源直接对直流侧电压进行控制等几个方面来抑制直流侧电压抬升的方法。考虑到是在原有已应用的系统上进行完善来避免直流侧电压的抬升,采用相对方便和简单的滞环控制和回灌电流前馈控制相结合的方法。仿真和现场应用结果证明所提出的方法能有效抑制直流侧电压的抬升,从而保障系统的安全稳定运行。     

渤海油藏高渗透层封堵剂组成优化及其影响因素实验研究

因海上油田具有渗透率较高且大孔道发育的特点,常规封堵剂难以满足其优势通道封堵技术经济要求。为解决该问题并能对渤海油藏高渗透层进行有效封堵,以渤海油藏储层特征及流体性质为基础,以化学分析、物理模拟、仪器检测为技术手段,以油藏工程和无机化学为理论指导,在油藏温度条件下开展了封堵剂组成优化及其影响因素实验研究。结果表明,从封堵剂固化时间、酸溶性和抗压强度等方面考虑,推荐固化剂为NaOH,增粘剂为无机增粘剂,缓凝剂为复合缓凝剂。在固化剂、增粘剂、缓凝剂和主剂等组分中,缓凝剂对封堵剂固化时间影响较明显。缓凝剂质量分数为0.1%~0.5%时,固化时间为5.5~480 h且可调节。     

空混气作为中国天然气调峰储备气源的必要性和可行性

近年来,中国北方冬季采暖季时常爆发大面积供气紧张,由于我国能源结构中富煤、贫油、少气的资源禀赋,再加上近年“煤改气”项目的大范围落地实施,加剧了天然气供应的紧张形势。为了提高国内天然气供应的保障度,在分析近年频发天然气供气紧张危机成因和目前常见天然气储备方案特点的基础上,提出了气态液化石油气掺混空气（以下简称空混气）作为调峰储备气源的方案,并对其必要性和可行性进行了讨论。研究结果表明：①储气能力不足已成为制约我国天然气产业可持续发展的瓶颈,国内大量进口LNG的做法形成了天然气对外依存度过高的危机;②空混气可作为适合的天然气替代产品和调峰储备气源;③空混气具有建设投入少、维护简单,安全性好、不需要额外的燃气系统、地下管网与调压设施等可与天然气通用、可避免重复投资浪费,点供更加便捷灵活,可以实时启动”等优势和价值。结论认为：①空混气是切实可行的天然气调峰储备气源,管输气用户可以根据自身特点和实际需求,合理考虑选择压缩天然气、液化天然气、空混气或者其组合作为储气气源;②未来能源发展应注重品种、渠道多元化,应从国家能源战略储备安全的角度,最大限度地满足地方燃气调峰储备要求,实现多气源、多气种的融合发展。     

中间段光折变晶体材料参数的测量原理

提出了中间段光折变晶体材料参数的测量原理。利用公开报道的关于Ce:KNSBN双光束耦合的实验数据计算了该晶体的材料参数。实验与理论结果相吻合。     

A Soft Resistive Acoustic Sensor Based on Suspended Standing Nanowire Membranes with Point Crack Design

An artificial basilar membrane (ABM) is an acoustic transducer that mimics the mechanical frequency selectivity of the real basilar membrane, which has the potential to revolutionize current cochlear implant technology. While such ABMs can be potentially realized using piezoelectric, triboelectric, and capacitive transduction methods, it remains notoriously difficult to achieve resistive ABM due to the poor frequency discrimination of resistive‐type materials. Here, a point crack technology on noncracking vertically aligned gold nanowire (V‐AuNW) films is reported, which allows for designing soft acoustic sensors with electric signals in good agreement with vibrometer output—a capability not achieved with corresponding bulk cracking system. The strategy can lead to soft microphones for music recognition comparable to the conventional microphone. Moreover, a soft resistive ABM is demonstrated by integrating eight nanowire‐based sensor strips on a soft trapezoid frame. The wearable ABM exhibits high‐frequency selectivity in the range of 319–1951 Hz and high sensitivity of 0.48–4.26 Pa^?1. The simple yet efficient fabrication in conjunction with programmable crack design indicates the promise of the methodology for a wide range of applications in future wearable voice recognition devices, cochlea implants, and human–machine interfaces.     

Ultrasoft Liquid Metal Elastomer Foams with Positive and Negative Piezopermittivity for Tactile Sensing

Soft, capacitive tactile (pressure) sensors are important for applications including human–machine interfaces, soft robots, and electronic skins. Such capacitors consist of two electrodes separated by a soft dielectric. Pressing the capacitor brings the electrodes closer together and thereby increases capacitance. Thus, sensitivity to a given force is maximized by using dielectric materials that are soft and have a high dielectric constant, yet such properties are often in conflict with each other. Here, a liquid metal elastomer foam (LMEF) is introduced that is extremely soft (elastic modulus 7.8 kPa), highly compressible (70% strain), and has a high permittivity. Compressing the LMEF displaces the air in the foam structure, increasing the permittivity over a large range (5.6–11.7). This is called “positive piezopermittivity.” Interestingly, it is discovered that the permittivity of such materials decreases (“negative piezopermittivity”) when compressed to large strain due to the geometric deformation of the liquid metal droplets. This mechanism is theoretically confirmed via electromagnetic theory, and finite element simulation. Using these materials, a soft tactile sensor with high sensitivity, high initial capacitance, and large capacitance change is demonstrated. In addition, a tactile sensor powered wirelessly (from 3 m away) with high power conversion efficiency (84%) is demonstrated.