实践论对技术类专业知行的适用——以建筑学专业为例

《实践论》是被极其成功的实践反复证实的哲学，其基本思想广泛适用于实践活动过程。技术类专业有着各种实践教学过程，是学生认知中常见的基本活动，学生通过实践训练实现从感性认识到理性认识的飞跃；学生毕业后用所学知识反实践于社会，完成认知的第二次飞跃。实践论对学习和工作中出现的若干问题与困扰的解决具有很好的指导意义。     

人工挖孔桩遇水时的高压注浆处理

1工程概述中远颐和和丽园位于沈阳市于洪区,西邻北塔公园,东侧,北侧临18m城市道路,已建成南北2区2-6-20层住宅13幢,会所一处,180000m2,其中1#、2#、3#、4#、5#均为异型柱框架小高层住宅,基础为人工挖孔灌注桩。2工程地质勘察情况场地自上而下分四层:①杂填土,②粉质粘土、③中砂、④砂砾。勘察期间,水于砾砂层稳定水位埋深为6.00m-7.20m,地下水类型属潜水。3基础类型本工程为中档住宅,基础选型不仅要满足结构安全还应考虑经济合理性.从地质勘察报告可知,由于持力层埋深过大,采用天然基础不可行,只能采用桩基础。桩基础的种类繁多,不同的桩基…     

The characteristics of a low-power-consumption plasma jet and ceramic coatings

The effects of the composition of plasma gases (Ar-N₂, Ar-H₂), arc current, and voltage on the temperature and velocity of a low-power (5 kW) plasma torch in the arc field free region has been investigated using an enthalpy probe. Coatings of Al₂O₃-13TiO₂ were deposited under different conditions. The results show that in the Ar-N₂ plasma, the enthalpy, temperature, and velocity change little with arc current and voltage when regulating the nitrogen proportion in the plasma gas. The hardness of the resulting coatings is 800 to 900 kg/mm² HV.300. For Ar-H₂ plasma, however, increases in the H₂ content in the mixture of the gases remarkably enhanced the velocity and heat transfer ability of the plasma jet, with the result that the coatings showed high hardness up to 1200 HV.     

Al2O3和Sialon陶瓷中LiTaO3第二相的断裂行为

将LiTaO3压电陶瓷颗粒分别添加到Al2O3和Sialon结构陶瓷基体中，通过对复相陶瓷试样断口形貌和裂纹扩展路径的观察，研究了Al2O3和Sialon结构陶瓷基体中LiTaO3第二相的断裂行为。研究结果表明：Al2O3和Sialon陶瓷基体的断裂均为沿晶断裂，LiTaO3压电陶瓷颗粒的断裂为穿晶断裂，在LiTaO3第二相的断口上，观察到了许多断裂台阶，这些断裂台阶是由于试样断裂时，裂纹扩展过程中遇到LiTaO3晶粒内的90°电畴发生裂纹偏转和分支引起的。     

Al2O3对LiTaO3陶瓷烧结性能和微观组织的影响

把Al2O3添加到LiTaO3陶瓷中，研究了Al2O3对LiTaO3陶瓷烧结性能的影响，通过制备Al2O3／LiTaO3复相陶瓷，对其微观结构和LiTaO3晶粒内的电畴结构进行了观察。研究结果表明：Al2O3的加入对LiTaO3陶瓷的烧结起到了烧结助剂的作用，随着Al2O3含量的提高，复相陶瓷试样的相对密度随之增大，实验中1300℃无压烧结制备的含有9％Al2O3（体积分数，下同）颗粒的Al2O3／LiTaO3复相陶瓷的致密度最高，组织结构更为致密。在Al2O3／LiTaO3复相陶瓷的LiTaO3晶粒中观察到了90°电畴。     

开关磁阻调速式车床主轴及其数控方法

介绍了开关磁阻调速式车床主轴的结构、机理及其数控方法.在分析目前车床主轴驱动情况的基础上,提出了用开关磁阻调速驱动车床主轴的机理,并进行了驱动系统结构设计和控制系统设计,同时设计了其数控方法.利用开关磁阻数字无级调速代替齿轮调速,用电机的制动反转功能代替离合器、制动器和机械换向机构.应用结果证明,开关磁阻调速式车床主轴具有无级调速范围宽、稳速精度高、加速减速时间短等优点,是一种简单易行、节能高效的车床主轴驱动方法,在机床领域有广阔的应用前景.     

An expression for the calculation of Gibbs free energy difference of multi-component bulk metallic glasses

We propose an expression, ΔG = ΔH_m[{(T − T_m)/(1 − )T_m}+{T/(1 − )T_m}ln(T_m/T)] (0 <  < 1), for the calculation of Gibbs free energy difference ΔG of multi-component metallic alloys. The results show that the theoretical ΔGs are in better agreement with the experimental values over entire under-cooling range than those given by the TS, KN1 and KN2 expressions. The glass-forming ability of the multi-component metallic alloys has been observed to increase with the increase in the difference of the glass transition temperature and isenthalpic temperature.     

Effect of Powder Injection Location on Ceramic Coatings Properties When Using Plasma Spray

The effect of powder injecting location of the plasma spraying on spraying properties was studied. Three different powder-injecting methods were applied in the experiment. In the first method, the particles were axially injected into the plasma flow from the cathode tip. In the second method, the particles were radially injected into the plasma flow just downstream of the anode arc root inside the anode nozzle. In the third method, the particles were radially injected into the plasma jet at the nozzle exit. The alumina particles with a mean diameter of 20 μm were used to deposit coatings. Spraying properties, such as the deposition efficiency, the melting rate of the powder particles, and the coating quality were investigated. The results show that the spraying with axial particle injecting can heat and melt the powder particles more effectively, produce coatings with better quality, and have higher deposition efficiency. This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007.     

聚晶金刚石复合片磨削试验研究

本文采用金刚石砂轮对聚晶金刚石(PCD)复合片材料进行了精密平面磨削试验,研究了磨削工艺参数和砂轮特性对磨削力的影响规律,分析了磨削PCD材料去除机理.研究发现:随着砂轮速度的增大,切向磨削力和法向磨削力不断减小;随着磨削深度的增加,切向磨削力和法向磨削力都增加,相同粒度的陶瓷结合剂砂轮的磨削力大于树脂结合剂砂轮的磨削力;切向磨削力和法向磨削力都随着工件进给速度的增加而增大;粒度号越大,切向磨削力和法向磨削力越大.PCD材料去除主要是通过磨粒的机械磨耗、破碎作用和热物理、热化学作用等方式.     

介孔立方ZrO2球形粒子准气相反应合成工艺的优化

采用一种新颖的基于WEB的人工神经网络-遗传算法系统对介孔立方ZrO2球形粒子准气相反应合成的新工艺进行了建模与优化设计.结果表明,合成最小粒径ZrO2前驱物球的最优参数为M[ZrOCl2·8H2O]=0.49 mol/L,VS=0.035 m3/h,P=99.80 kPa;ZrO2前驱物球的最小平均粒径为0.75μm.通过实验验证,此最优参数下合成的ZrO2前驱物球平均粒径为0.72 μm,计算值与实验值符合的较好.将合成的最小粒径前驱物球经干燥和600℃煅烧后,得到了平均粒径为0.64 μm的介孔立方ZrO2球.