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941.
EK Yeong R Mann M Goldberg L Engrav D Heimbach 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,40(6):956-61; discussion 961-2
The utility of the laser Doppler for determining burn depth has been questioned because of problems with technology and methodology. This study prospectively evaluates the ability of a new laser Doppler technique to predict burn healing time. Using the Periflux System 4000 laser Doppler, readings were taken on 305 burns (147 patients) on postburn day 3 or 4. Sixty-six wounds were used to derive a predictive function (phase I) and 152 wounds were used to test the function (phase II). Blood flow dynamics (flux), microvascular dilation capacity of the wounds to beat stress, and flow motion wave pattern (vasomotion) were studied using the laser Doppler, and seven parameters were evaluated to determine their relative contribution to the prediction of healing time. These parameters are hyperemic flux (flux value after heating to 42 degrees C), average hyperemic wave amplitude (AHWA), number of average flux units >100(F100), number readings with wave amplitude 75 (A5), average flux change (AFC), percentage of average flux increase, and relative flow capacity (RFC = AFC/average hyperemic flux). After readings were made, the wounds were observed and divided into two groups: those that healed in less than 14 days and those that healed or were grafted after 14 days. A step-wise discriminant analysis was used to assess the relative contribution of the Doppler-derived measures to healing time prediction. AHWA, F100, and RFC were included in the final discriminant function explaining 72% of the healing time variance (Wilks' lambda value 0.28; p value <0.0001). Predicted outcome = 0.05(AHWA) + 0.31(F100) + 5.0(RFC) - 2.3. With this derived function, there is 94% accuracy in the prediction of burn wound healing time compared with a physician predictive accuracy of 70%. 相似文献
942.
Temporary arterial occlusion has been routinely used as an adjunct in intracranial aneurysm surgery. This has commonly been performed using a protocol of multiple short periods of occlusion alternating with periods of restoration of normal circulation. Recently, the logical basis of this method has come under scrutiny. There is extensive experimental evidence to suggest that repetitive, brief periods of global ischemia may cause more severe cerebral injury than an equivalent single period of global ischemia. Only recently has this issue begun to be addressed with regard to focal ischemia. Hence, despite the common use of temporary clipping, little experimental data are available regarding the ischemic consequences of temporary arterial occlusion with periods of reperfusion versus uninterrupted temporary occlusion. To investigate this issue, a protocol of occlusion/reperfusion that simulates the temporal profile that occurs during surgery was performed in a rat model of focal ischemia. Sixteen anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. The animals in Group I underwent 60 minutes of uninterrupted middle cerebral artery occlusion and the animals in Group II were subjected to six separate 10-minute occlusion periods with 5 minutes of reperfusion between occlusions. Histopathological analysis was performed 72 hours postischemia. Group I had significantly increased mean infarction volumes (50.0 +/- 12.1 mm3) compared to Group II (8.7 +/- 3.1 mm3) (p = 0.008). Injuries in Group I occurred in both the cortex and striatum, whereas Group II showed only striatal injuries. Furthermore, the extent of the injuries in Group II was less severe, characterized by ischemic neuronal injury rather than frank infarction. The results indicate that intermittent reperfusion is neuroprotective during temporary focal ischemia and support the hypothesis that intermittent reperfusion is beneficial if temporary clipping is required during aneurysm repair. 相似文献
943.
M. Zandian J. G. Pasko J. M. Arias R. E. De Wames S. H. Shin 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1995,24(5):681-684
Measurements of 77K RoA and 300K reverse bias dynamic impedance (RdA) products at one volt reverse bias has been carried out to assess the degree of correlation of this figure of merit. Planar
P-on-n heterostructures were grown on near lattice-matched CdZnTe substrates with Hg1-xCdxTe (0.20< x <0.30) by molecular beam epitaxy. These devices were passivated with CdTe and doped with indium and arsenic as
n- and p-type dopants, respectively. Current-voltage characteristic of these devices exhibit thermally generated dark currents
at small and modest reverse bias. We have observed that RoA values of these long wavelength infrared P-on-n heterostructure photodiodes at 77K correlate with room temperature RdA values. Diode arrays with high room temperature RdA values at one volt reverse bias also have high RoA values at 77K. Similarly, low RdA values at room temperature indicate poor performance at 77K where deviation from diffusion current occurs at reverse bias
of 0.2 to 1 volt at room temperature. The results presented here, for a small samples of devices, demonstrate that room temperature
measurements of current-voltage characteristics to evaluate Hg1-xCdxTe (0.22< x <0.28) diode performance and array uniformity at lower temperatures can be used. This provides an acceptable criteria
for further study at lower temperatures. 相似文献
944.
945.
Piquemal F.P.M. Trapon G.R. Geneves G.P.J. 《IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement》1996,45(6):918-922
AC measurements of the longitudinal resistance, Rxx, of a quantum Hall effect (QHE) sample have been made in a frequency range from 10 Hz to 10 kHz. The results show no frequency effect on the minimum value of Rxx corresponding to the quantum numbers i=2 and i=4, within the measurement resolution of 0.5 mΩ. Therefore, the influence of frequency on the value of the quantized Hall resistance, RH, should not exceed a few parts in 109 . Some unwanted effects detected during the development of the resistance bridge have been pointed out 相似文献
946.
947.
R. G. Cox 《Journal of Engineering Mathematics》1996,30(1-2):177-213
It is demonstrated how the hydrodynamic force and moment of force acting on a solid sphere may be calculated when it is placed at rest at an arbitrary position in a two dimensional flow at zero Reynolds number in which the region of flow is bounded by either an undeformable planar free surface or by a plane solid wall. The results so obtained are used to calculate the motion of a freely moving solid sphere in an asymmetric vortex in the presence of an underformable free surface. It is seen that the sphere, depending on the direction of the undisturbed flow, will either spiral into or out of the vortex. This implies that when a dilute suspension of such spherical particles undergoes such a vortex motion in the presence of the free surface, the vortex will either fill up with particles from the surrounding flow or become devoid of particles.Deceased, July 31, 1995 相似文献
948.
A melt-extraction technique, using a sharpened molybdenum wheel, has been used to produce fine oxide ceramic fibres. Wetting of the molybdenum wheel by molten ceramic is a key parameter in the melt-extraction process. Two types of fibre are generally obtained, depending on the extraction speed. At very low wheel speed, fine and uniform fibres of high quality are produced. However, when the wheel speed exceeds a critical velocity, Rayleigh waves are formed on the free surface of the fibres. Moreover, the average fibre thickness first increases with the wheel velocity, then passes through a maximum, decreasing at high velocity. This thickness variation is discussed in terms of both surface tension and viscosity of the liquid ceramics. 相似文献
949.
Batch-means control charts for autocorrelated data 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Modern statistical process control must often cope with large quantities of highly autocorrelated data. Alwan and Radson (1992) proposed the monitoring of autocorrelated processes by plotting the averages of small batches of data separated by skipping observations. Using results for the AR(1) process, we show that generally better performance can be achieved with no skipping and much larger batch sizes. The resulting batch-means charts derive from methods used in simulation output analysis and can be implemented easily with common digital control systems. 相似文献
950.
Cellular solid structures with unbounded thermal expansion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R. Lakes 《Journal of Materials Science Letters》1996,15(6):475-477