Evaporation induced self-assembly of zeolite A micropatterns due to the stick-slip dynamics of contact line

In this study, a new surfactant-solvent system was described for the preparation of periodic stripe patterns of zeolite A on solid substrates. The evaporation induced self-assembly of zeolite A particles was due to the stick-slip dynamics of the three-phase contact line of the colloid solutions in acetone containing 10% (v/v) poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) fluid (2 cst.). In order to investigate the possible effects of particle size and the particle concentration on the stick-slip dynamics, three types of zeolite A samples with different particle sizes (zeolite A-I: 250-500 nm, zeolite A-II: 100-250 nm and zeolite A-III: 0-100 nm) were utilized to prepare 0.007-0.06% (w/v) colloidal dispersions. Zeolite A micropatterns were self-assembled on the surface of glass, high density polyethylene (HDPE) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) substrates, which were placed vertically inside the colloid solutions and held against the wall of the cylindrical vial during the evaporation of acetone. The stripe patterns of zeolite A particles were analyzed with field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and optical microscope. The widths of microstripes and the distance between the stripes were found as 2-20 μm and 40-60 μm respectively depending on the particle concentration. By using the stick-slip dynamics of colloids, the linear micropatterns of zeolite A nanocrystals were prepared with low cost and low energy.     

A 100-GOPS programmable processor for vehicle vision systems

New generations of automobiles will include driver assistance systems requiring powerful, low-cost processors to handle video/camera applications and to enable fast, convenient application development. Shrinking feature sizes on processors already in development will bring substantial increases in system speed and functionality.     

Heliumlecktestgeräte für die Qualitätsprüfung von Gehäusen für Vakuumverdichter

Helium leak test devices for the quality inspection of housings for vacuum compressors The well‐known and wide‐spread helium leak test method is a safe and fast quality testing method for construction units of any kind. Due to its safe examination and the short time of examination it is predominantly inserted into automated production lines as e.g. in the automobile supporting industry up to the examination by Airbags and rims of wheel. Likewise in addition, for the construction units, machines and devices of the vacuum engineering. From this the demand results simple and in particular economical devices for the helium leak test of construction units with small numbers of items of under 200 pieces per day. For these manufacturing profiles economical ways for the helium leak test are pointed out.     

Correlation Between Structural and Optical Properties of Composite Polymer/Fullerene Films for Organic Solar Cells

We investigate thin poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl)/[6,6]‐phenyl C₆₁ butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT/PCBM) films, which are widely used as active layers in plastic solar cells. Their structural properties are studied by grazing‐incidence X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The size and the orientation of crystalline P3HT nanodomains within the films are determined. PCBM crystallites are not detected in thin films by XRD. Upon annealing, the P3HT crystallinity increases, leading to an increase in the optical absorption and spectral photocurrent in the low‐photon‐energy region. As a consequence, the efficiency of P3HT/PCBM solar cells is significantly increased. A direct relation between efficiency and P3HT crystallinity is demonstrated.     

An effect of side chain length on the solution structure of poly(9,9-dialkylfluorene)s in toluene

The effect of side chain length of π-conjugated poly(9,9-dialkylfluorene)s has been studied in semi-dilute (10 mg/mL) toluene solutions using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and ¹H and ²H NMR spectroscopies. Under these conditions, SANS data indicate that poly(9,9-dinonylfluorene) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) are dissolved down to the molecule level and appear as elongated one-dimensional chains (length >20-30 nm). In contrast, the shorter side chain polymers exhibit a self-association so that poly(9,9-diheptylfluorene) forms thin sheet-like (∼1 nm) and poly(9,9-dihexylfluorene) thin (∼1 nm) and thick sheet-like (>6 nm) aggregates. ¹H NMR data, together with the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, however, show that this occurs without changes in the conformation of the polymer backbone.     

Comparative study of self-assembling of multilayers using reactive sputter deposition and mass selective ion beam deposition

While experimenting with the growth of metal-containing amorphous carbon (a-c:Me) thin films using two different growth processes, self-assembled multilayered structures were observed. One of the processes is a reactive magnetron sputter deposition process. The other process is a mass selective ion beam deposition process. Despite of the differences in the growth method and the growth condition, self-assembled multilayered thin films, consisting of alternating dark layer and bright layer, were obtained in both processes. Based on the consideration of energy for atomic diffusion in the thin films, the growth mechanism is discussed.     

Notes on waves with negative phase velocity

Negative refraction is a wave phenomenon beyond geometrical optics - it depends on the way waves behave when their phase velocity reaches a zero. Various forms of linear wave processes in media can be concisely described in one wave equation that is inspired by the interpretation of a medium as an effective space-time geometry. Depending on the conformal factor of the effective metric, the waves may show positive or negative refraction. For electromagnetic waves in two-dimensional dielectrics the conformal factor corresponds to the impedance.     

Bruchanalyse an Hohlgläsern

Failure analysis of hollow glasses The failure analysis is very important to clarify damages of hollow glasses. Damages of glass bottle through over pressure are very often linked with damages to persons. This is the reason why the causal research is from particular importance. Different surface characteristics of glass fragments as well as the fracture pattern give hints to the direction of the crack, the stress just before breakage and the reason of stress. A reconstruction of the bottle is a further helpful instrument for cause studies. The difference of the various characteristics of the surface will be explained. Further on there will be discussed different reasons and mechanism of fracture.