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21.
During pyrodextrinization of corn starch in the absence of any added catalyst under different experimental conditions, the changes of dextrinization might have two or threes stages and remarkable transformation would begin to occur at 190°C. At higher temperatures, many non-carbohydrates are found. At lower temperatures, side chains of amylopectin-like substances might be cleaved to produce the linear parts. 相似文献
22.
Keiichi Miyamoto Ayaka Kawasaki Yuko Nagata Masanori Uraya Hisayoshi Kojima Takanori Ito Takashi Horiuchi Nagisa Asakawa Shinsuke Nomura 《Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications》2011,31(2):158-165
Immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) concentration in the plasma of patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) as the cause of renal failure is higher than that in the plasma of normal controls. IgA1 with abnormal sugars is considered to deposit in the glomerular mesangium, aggravating nephritis in IgAN. Jacalin is a lectin that recognizes sugars on IgA1. However, its selective-recognition for normal-type (ST type, NeuAc-α(2,3)-Gal-β(1,3)-GalNAc) and abnormal-type (T type, Gal-β(1,3)-GalNAc; Tn type, GalNAc; STn type, NeuAc-α(2,6)-GalNAc) sugars α-O-linked to serine/threonine in IgA1 is weak. Therefore, jacalin cannot be used for recognizing specific sugar types on IgA1. We attempted to develop a new recognition method for specific sugar types on IgA1 by utilizing the multirecognition capability of jacalin. Its binding abilities were regulated by heat denaturation with suitable template sugar (galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine). Further, we successfully prepared denatured-jacalin derivatives, which recognized ST-/T-type sugars on IgA1, by sugar-immobilized affinity chromatography. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of denatured-jacalin derivatives, showed the ratios of abnormal sugars on IgA1 in the plasma of IgAN patients and normal controls to be approximately 60% and 20%, respectively. The results proved that profiling of sugar types in IgAN can successfully be performed by solely using jacalin derivatives. 相似文献
23.
Viliame Savou Guido Grause Shogo Kumagai Yuko Saito Tomohito Kameda Toshiaki Yoshioka 《能源学会志》2019,92(4):1149-1157
Pyrolysis is a promising technique for the recovery of useful gas, tar, and solid products from biomass waste. However, the low tar yields obtained from lignocellulosic biomass are a significant drawback. To enhance tar yields, sugarcane bagasse, which is the most abundant agricultural waste in Fiji, was pretreated at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure using various sulfuric acid (H2SO4) concentrations. Here, the ether bonds of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were partially hydrolyzed. The pretreated samples were then pyrolyzed at 500 °C, and it was confirmed that H2SO4-pretreatment disrupted the bagasse cell structure, with the thermogravimetry and differential thermogravimetry results confirming that decomposition occurred at lower temperatures after pretreatment. In addition, tar yields were significantly enhanced from 5.6 wt% to 13.4 wt% for the untreated and 3 M H2SO4-pretreated samples respectively. The main components detected in this tar product were levoglucosan, andcellulose-and hemicellulose-derived products, whose proportions were increased following pretreatment. Thus, our work demonstrates that dilute acid pretreatment enhances tar production from sugarcane bagasse due to the production of shorter chain components via the partial hydrolysis of ether bonds. 相似文献
24.
25.
The present study was conducted to investigate whether typical isoprenyl compounds (TICs) can control liposomal fusion reactions through changes in the physical properties of membranes. The fusion capabilities of TIC-incorporated liposomes were characterized by measuring the 13C spin-lattice relaxation times (13CT1) and the gel permeation chromatogram (GPC) patterns. The 13CT1 relaxivities of some of these TIC-liposomes were remarkably enhanced at 27 degrees C. The highest 13CT1 value obtained was for the beta-carotene-liposome, which ruptured, and was attributed to the highest membrane fusion reactivity. The other TIC-liposomes incorporated with alpha-tocopherol, canthaxanthin, or coenzyme Q10 also induced significant fusion and did not rupture in comparison with the beta-carotene-liposome. These results show that the incorporations of TICs into lipid bilayers are useful to control liposomal nanocarriers for suitable membrane packing and advantageous phase separation, which could affect membrane-related processes. 相似文献
26.
Toshiki Ueno Takeru Nakaki Taisei Mukogawa Shuonan Dong Hiroki Kurita Keisuke Otsuka Kanjuro Makihara Fumio Narita 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2023,25(19):2300185
In this study, the Fe–Co alloy is combined with cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) and nickel (Ni) to form Fe–Co/CoFe2O4 and Fe–Co/Ni clad sheets and their energy-harvesting performance is evaluated. The Fe–Co/CoFe2O4 clad sheet exhibits an output voltage of 4.229 mV and an output power of 6.89 nW at a wind speed of 10 m s−1. The energy-harvesting performance of both these clad sheets cannot be quantitatively compared owing to their different thicknesses, which result in varying volume and distance from the neutral plane. Nevertheless, the values of output voltage and power for Fe–Co/CoFe2O4 are higher than those for Fe–Co/Ni (2.107 mV and 0.294 nW). 相似文献
27.
S Inuzuka T Ueno T Torimura S Tamaki H Sugawara R Sakata N Kusaba M Sata K Tanikawa 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,32(10):1052-1060
BACKGROUND: We examined the relationships among vitronectin (VN), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in liver diseases to evaluate the presence of plasmin cascade in human hepatic fibrosis. METHODS: Blood and liver tissues were obtained from 57 patients with liver disease. Plasma VN, PAI-1 antigen, and PAI-1 activity levels were evaluated. Biopsied liver specimens were observed by light and electron microscopy after immunohistochemical staining. Morphometric analysis was performed on these specimens. RESULTS: Plasma VN and PAI-1 activity levels decreased significantly with the progression of hepatic fibrosis and were particularly marked in the liver cirrhosis group. Plasma PAI-1 antigen level increased significantly. The immunolocalization of the active form of TGF-beta became more intense with the progression of hepatic fibrosis, whereas that of the dual-stained positive areas of PAI-1 and VN (PAI-1.VN) decreased. There was a positive correlation between TGF-beta and PAI-1, whereas there was a negative correlation between TGF-beta and PAI-1.VN. Immunoelectron microscopy showed the localization of PAI-1-VN in the extracellular space around the sinusoidal cells or surface of aggregating platelets, TGF-beta mainly in Ito cells, and VN in hepatocytes near the focal necrotic area or fibrous septa. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that VN and PAI-1 are related to the active form of TGF-beta and that it is possible that the plasmin cascade is present in the human liver. 相似文献
28.
Shin-ichiro Sekimiya Eikoh Kobayashi Nobukatsu Nemoto Yukihiko Ueno Koji Ikeda Nobuo Takamiya 《Polymer Bulletin》1991,27(1):37-40
Summary Liquid crystalline side-chain polysiloxanes were prepared without metal complex catalyst. Mesogenic groups such as cholesteryl, 4-cyano-4-biphenyl and 4-methoxy-4-biphenyl group were introduced into polysiloxane by esterification and from DSC measurements they were compatible with other liquid crystalline polysiloxanes reported previously. 相似文献
29.
Masaaki Takehisa Sueo Machi Hiromasa Watanabe Takashi Ueno Seiichi Takahashi Ryoji Tsuchiya Kanji Otaguro Isao Motoda Yoshio Takasaka Kazukiyo Miyanaga Waichiro Kawakami Kouichi Yamaguchi Takanobu Sugo Hayato Nakajima Terutaka Watanabe Chuhei Hinachi 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1979,24(3):853-864
Radiation-induced bulk polymerization of ethylene was carried out with use of a pilot plant with a 10 liter reactor at pressures of 225–400 kg/cm2, temperatures of 30–95°C, ethylene feed rates of 5–28 kg/hr, and dose rate of 3.8 × 105 rad/hr. Characteristics of the process are mild polymerization conditions and capability of producing medium density polyethylene in powder form. The spacetime yield and molecular weight of polymer were in the range of 3.5 to 13.1 g/liter hr and 2.2 × 104 to 14 × 104, respectively. The space-time yield increased with mean residence time and 2.4 powders of pressure, and decreased with temperature. Molecular weight changed similarly with the reaction conditions. These results were consistent with those of the bench plant experiment and the scale effect was small. Polymer deposit to the reactor wall limited a period of continuous operation of the plant. The amount of deposited polymer was increased with the square of reaction time. The rate of polymer deposit was proportional to polymer concentration and to the cube of pressure. The polymer deposit cannot be solved in the bulk process. 相似文献
30.
Yuko Habuta Naoaki Narishige Kazu Okumura Naonobu Katada Miki Niwa 《Catalysis Today》2003,78(1-4):131-138
Vanadium oxide spread highly on TiO2 (anatase, A) and SnO2, and rather densely on TiO2 (rutile, R) and ZrO2 to make the monolayer in less than 4–5 V nm−2. Profile of acid site of the monolayer was measured by temperature programmed desorption of ammonia, and its relation with the surface oxidation state was studied. The acid site density was high on the V2O5/TiO2 (A) independent of the degree of oxidation. On the other hand, that of V2O5/TiO2 (R) and V2O5/ZrO2 depended on the oxidation state, and the high value of the concentration was observed on the oxidized one. The strength of acid site generated on the V2O5 monolayer on TiO2 was as high as on the HZSM-5 zeolite. Turnover frequency (TOF) of propane conversion, and product selectivity were measured in propane oxidation. Among tested oxides, the V2O5/TiO2 (A) showed the high TOF and selectivity to form propylene, while those loaded on TiO2 (R) and ZrO2 the small TOF and poor selectivity. Therefore, the reaction profile of activity and selectivity could be related with the extent of spreading and solid acidity. An idea of limit of the acid site density ca. 1.5 nm−2 on the monolayer was elucidated. 相似文献