Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is a technique that produces a hard oxide layer on the titanium surface where its properties can be tailored by changing the process parameters or by a posterior heat treatment (HT). In this work, a TiO2 layer with different crystallinity was produced by PEO with different applied voltages (250 to 400 V) and post-HT at 600°C. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of the PEO voltage and HT on the mechanical and tribological properties of anodized Ti. There is an increase in pore size, oxide thickness, and Ca/P ratio for the oxide layer with the applied voltage during the PEO process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated an increase in the crystalline rutile phase in the oxide layer with voltage and HT. Nanoindentation shows an increase in the oxide hardness and elastic modulus with increased voltage and HT, leading to an improvement in the wear resistance. 相似文献
The current study describes a fast and efficient procedure of ultrasound-assisted extraction for determination of Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Al in tea leaves by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). The variables of procedure were optimized using the Box–Behnken design and the conditions selected were nitric acid concentration (1.0 mol L?1), sonication time (7 min), and sonication temperature (75 °C). The extraction efficiency was calculated using the analyte concentration obtained by a total digestion procedure as reference. Accuracy was confirmed by analysis of certified reference material of apple leaves (NIST 1515) and spinach leaves (NIST 1570a) using the procedure proposed. A statistical evaluation using Student’s t test showed that there is no significant difference between the value obtained with the proposed procedure and the certified value, at 95% confidence level. The proposed procedure was successfully applied and is a good alternative to conventional acid digestion procedure and can be applied to routine analysis for determination of Ca, Mg, K, Na, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Al in tea leaves used for the preparation of infusions. 相似文献
Incorporating spent coffee grounds (SCGs), a by‐product from coffee brewing, in growth substrate of beneficial edible mushrooms is an approach that has to be further studied due to its potential positive outcomes: environmental impact mitigation, production costs reduction and beneficial impact on consumer health. Hence, cultivation of Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Pleurotus salmoneo‐stramineus was tested using SCG which enabled maximum production yield of P. citrinopileatus which was of 25.1% (w/w). Variable antidiabetic potential was observed between aqueous and enzymatic extracts (3.8%–29% inhibition) regardless species and substrates, whereas aqueous extract of P. citrinopileatus grown in substrate without SCG stood out presenting the highest antioxidant activity and inhibition activity of angiotensin I‐converting enzyme (IC50 = 123 μg mL?1). Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of both Pleurotus species grown in the presence or absence of SGC proved to be an interesting prebiotic source for growth of Bifidobacterium animalis Bo in comparison with fructooligosaccharides (FOS). 相似文献
This paper proposes polytope ARTMAP (PTAM), an adaptive resonance theory (ART) network for classification tasks which does not use the vigilance parameter. This feature is due to the geometry of categories in PTAM, which are irregular polytopes whose borders approximate the borders among the output predictions. During training, the categories expand only towards the input pattern without category overlap. The category expansion in PTAM is naturally limited by the other categories, and not by the category size, so the vigilance is not necessary. PTAM works in a fully automatic way for pattern classification tasks, without any parameter tuning, so it is easier to employ for nonexpert users than other classifiers. PTAM achieves lower error than the leading ART networks on a complete collection of benchmark data sets, except for noisy data, without any parameter optimization. 相似文献
This work proposes a reusable architecture that enables the self-configuration of a supporting infrastructure for Web server clusters using virtual machines. The goal of the architecture is to ensure service quality, evaluating how broadly it complies with the application's operating restrictions and proportionally acting on the configuration of physical servers (hosts) or virtual machines. In addition, through the rational use of resources, the proposal aims at saving energy. A prototype of the architecture was developed and a performance evaluation carried out with two different resource management approaches. This evaluation shows how fully functional and advantageous the proposal is in terms of using resources, avoiding waste, yet maintaining the application's quality of service within acceptable levels. The architecture also shows to be flexible enough to accept, with a reasonable amount of effort, different resource self-configuration policies. 相似文献
The Piracicaba, Capivari, and Jundiaí River Basins (RB-PCJ) are mainly located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Using a dynamics systems simulation model (WRM-PCJ) to assess water resources sustainability, five 50-year simulations were run. WRM-PCJ was developed as a tool to aid decision and policy makers on the RB-PCJ Watershed Committee. The model has 254 variables. The model was calibrated and validated using available information from the 80s. Falkenmark Water Stress Index went from 1,403 m3 person???1 year???1 in 2004 to 734 m3 P???1 year???1 in 2054, and Xu Sustainability Index from 0.44 to 0.20. In 2004, the Keller River Basin Development Phase was Conservation, and by 2054 was Augmentation. The three criteria used to evaluate water resources showed that the watershed is at crucial water resources management turning point. The WRM-PCJ performed well, and it proved to be an excellent tool for decision and policy makers at RB-PCJ. 相似文献
The cover image by Lizandra Viana Maurat da Rocha highlights one of our innovative biodegradable films, which incorporated molybdenum trioxide and zinc oxide into the poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) matrix through casting. The photo emphasizes its partial transparency and homogeneity. Some analytical results reported as FTIR, TD-NMR, XRD and TGA validates nanomaterial's exceptional mechanical and chemical properties. Icons below underscore its potential as an eco-friendly food packaging,with bacteriostatic features and no formation of microplastics after disposal. DOI: 10.1002/app.55294
To setup efficient wireless mesh networks, it is fundamental to limit the overhead needed to localize a mobile user. A promising
approach is to rely on a rendezvous-based location system where the current location of a mobile node is stored at specific
nodes called locators. Nevertheless, such a solution has a drawback, which happens when the locator is far from the source–destination
shortest path. This results in a triangular location problem and consequently in increased overhead of signaling messages.
One solution to prevent this problem would be to place the locator as close as possible to the mobile node. This requires
however to predict the mobile node’s location at all times. To obtain such information, we define a mobility prediction model
(an agenda) that, for each node, specifies the mesh router that is likely to be the closest to the mobile node at specific
time periods. The location service that we propose formalizes the integration of the agenda with the management of location
servers in a coherent and self-organized fashion. To evaluate the performance of our system compared to traditional approaches,
we use two real-life mobility datasets of Wi-Fi devices in the Dartmouth campus and Taxicabs in the bay area of San Francisco.
We show that our strategy significantly outperforms traditional solutions; we obtain gains ranging from 39 to 72% compared
to the centralized scheme and more than 35% compared to a traditional rendezvous-based solution. 相似文献