航空发动机转子组件电子束焊变形预测

航空商用发动机组件尺寸精度要求较高,且组件焊接后盘心位置不能进行机械加工,因此采用数值模拟的方法对转子组件进行焊接变形预测. 试验将基于热弹塑性理论计算提取固有应变数值;通过理论计算得到GH4169合金电子束焊缝的固有应变值,分析焊接工艺参数对焊缝固有应变的影响规律;建立结构件模型,分析焊接工艺、焊接顺序及工装条件下组件焊接变形. 结果表明,相比于第一,第二和第三级盘,第四级盘心轴向变形最大,且通过增大扫描速度和改变约束方式的方法可以有效减小焊接变形,从而完成对转子组件焊接变形进行预测和控制.     

钢渣集料的体积稳定性与工程应用前景

钢渣的化学成分和矿物组成与水泥熟料相似，具有一定的水硬活性，且其颗粒级配、压碎值、磨耗率等各项物理力学指标相当于或优于普通的花岗岩、玄武岩或石灰岩碎石和河砂，是天然碎石和砂的理想的替代品。但其潜在的体积不稳定性，已成为制约钢渣工程应用的瓶颈。根据国内外的研究现状，分析了导致钢渣体积膨胀的原因，介绍了几种减小体积膨胀危害的方法，最后展望了钢渣集料的工程应用前景。     

几种矿物颗粒在泡沫层中的沉降速度

试验测定方铅矿、钛磁铁矿、黄铁矿颗粒在泡沫层中的沉降速度，分析研究粒度及表面疏水性对颗粒在泡沫层中沉降速度的影响。结果表明，在所研究的粒级范围内，存在一个沉降速度最小的临界粒度。在临界粒度以上，颗粒粒度越粗，沉降速度越快，反之亦然。对于细粒方铅矿和黄铁矿，疏水性越强，沉降速度越慢。这种规律是在泡沫层中按疏水性分离矿物的基础。     

颗粒模压发射药的燃烧性能

以粒状高能硝胺发射药RGD7A-6/7药为基药,采用密闭爆发器和30 mm模拟弹道炮试验,研究了颗粒模压发射药模块的密度和基药的表面处理方法对其燃烧性能的影响。分析了不同模块的密度、不同表面处理基药的颗粒模压发射药的燃烧p-t曲线、L-B曲线特征,得到了模块的密度和基药的表面处理方法对颗粒模压发射药的燃烧性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:在一定密度范围内(1.0~1.5 g.cm-3),模压药越密实,燃烧渐增性越好;经过表面钝感、包覆后的基药压制成型的模压发射药MD7燃烧渐增性最好。内弹道试验结果表明,MD7在膛压低于空白药29.7 MPa的情况下,弹丸初速提高了6.6%,炮口动能提高了13.8%。     

含FOX-12硝胺发射药的燃烧特性

采用DSC-TG、密闭爆发器、中止燃烧试验装置,研究了含N-脒基脲二硝酰胺盐(FOX-12)的硝胺发射药的热分解和燃烧特性。结果表明:该硝胺发射药中的NC-NG体系和FOX-12一起开始分解,加入FOX-12使硝胺发射药的燃速压力指数降低,其值小于1,随着FOX-12含量的增加,硝胺发射药的压力指数在低压段(10～20 MPa)降低幅度大于中高压段(40～240 MPa)的幅度。     

High-entropy boride–carbide ceramics by sequential boro/carbothermal synthesis

A dual-phase high-entropy boride (HEB)/carbide (HEC) ceramic with a fine grain size was synthesized by a sequential boro/carbothermal process. In the first step, an Hf–Nb–Ta–Ti–Zr-containing carbide was synthesized by a carbothermal reduction of oxides followed by the reaction of the carbide with B₄C and ZrH₂ to convert part of the carbide to boride. The resulting composition was ∼29 vol% HEB with an average grain size of ∼1.1 μm. Solid solution formation occurred at the densification temperature of 1900°C resulting in a relative density higher than 99%. The Vickers hardness was 26.5 ± 1.4 GPa. This is the first report of synthesizing dual-phase boride–carbide high-entropy ceramics from carbothermally synthesized, HEC powders.     

Crystal Structure and Elastic Properties of Hypothesized MAX Phase‐Like Compound (Cr2Hf)2Al3C3

The term “MAX phase” refers to a very interesting and important class of layered ternary transition‐metal carbides and nitrides with a novel combination of both metal and ceramic‐like properties that have made these materials highly regarded candidates for numerous technological and engineering applications. Using (Cr₂Hf)₂Al₃C₃ as an example, we demonstrate the possibility of incorporating more types of elements into a MAX phase while maintaining the crystallinity, instead of creating solid solution phases. The crystal structure and elastic properties of MAX phase‐like (Cr₂Hf)₂Al₃C₃ are studied using the Vienna ab initio Simulation Package. Unlike MAX phases with a hexagonal symmetry (P6₃/mmc, #194), (Cr₂Hf)₂Al₃C₃ crystallizes in the monoclinic space group of P2₁/m (#11) with lattice parameters of a = 5.1739 Å, b = 5.1974 Å, c = 12.8019 Å; α = β = 90°, γ = 119.8509°. Its structure is found to be energetically much more favorable with an energy (per formula unit) of ?102.11 eV, significantly lower than those of the allotropic segregation (?100.05 eV) and solid solution (?100.13 eV) phases. Calculations using a stress versus strain approach and the VRH approximation for polycrystals also show that (Cr₂Hf)₂Al₃C₃ has outstanding elastic moduli.     

谈广州城市化发展下家具建材商业中心的演化

本文通过对广州珠江新城关居中心，即将搬迁到东圃花花世界中心商场继续发展的阐述，说明了广州城市化发展下，家具建材商业中心的演化过程，提出城市化发展下，家具建材商业中心新的发展方向以及对人们新生活模式的影响。     

Using 10 Gb/s remodulation DPSK signal in self-restored colorless WDM-PON system

In this investigation, we propose and experimentally demonstrate the remodulation technique using DPSK format in both downlink and uplink traffics with high extinction ratio (ER) in colorless WDM-PON; together with a simple self-restored architecture against fiber fault. Error free operation was achieved in a 20-km-reach 10-Gb/s WDM-PON without dispersion compensation. Comparison with other wavelength remodulation schemes for WDM-PONs is also performed, showing the proposed scheme can be a potential candidate for next generation wavelength reuse WDM-PONs. In addition, the performance of self-protection has also been discussed and analyzed.     

Probabilistic simulation for developing likelihood distribution of engineering project cost

Inaccurate early project cost estimates can eliminate investment benefits. This study focuses on assisting estimators who are attempting to enhance the accuracy and reliability of engineering project cost in the pre-conceptual stage. This aim has recently garnered the attention of the transportation communities. Data from the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) were utilized to develop an alternative approach that aids decision makers in terms of probability and confidence level. The proposed procedure comprises heuristic and practical simulation models that can be employed to calculate the probabilistic costs of highway bridge replacement projects. The simulation models utilize independent, correlated, and Latin Hypercube sampling approaches that incorporate major work items, roll-up work items, and project-level engineering contingencies. Cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) are then developed as a user-friendly chart for decision makers and these CDFs can be used to assess project risks during the pre-conceptual stage. Trial runs using these estimating procedures generate reliable pre-conceptual estimates. Additionally, these procedures can be extended to other project types along with programming techniques for developing an engineering project cost decision support system.