再生混凝土工作性与抗压强度试验研究

通过表面粗糙度试验证实了与同粒径的天然碎石相比,再生粗骨料棱角多,表面粗糙度大。针对再生粗骨料上述缺陷,设计正交试验对再生骨料混凝土工作性进行了优化,分别讨论了再生骨料取代率、附加水选取、减水剂掺量、粉煤灰掺量4个因素对再生混凝土和易性和抗压强度的影响,采用极差分析并优选出合理配合比。试验结果表明:再生粗集料表面粗糙度大于天然碎石,减水剂掺量和再生粗骨料取代率对再生混凝土和易性影响显著,粉煤灰是影响再生混凝土早期抗压强度的主要因素,附加水选取以再生骨料30 min吸水率计算为宜,满足再生混凝土良好和易性和抗压强度的最佳再生混凝土组分为:再生骨料取代率50%,附加水选择再生骨料30min吸水量,减水剂掺量选择0.2%,不掺加粉煤灰。     

装配整体式混凝土剪力墙结构施工关键技术

马驹桥公租房项目施工中,针对装配整体式混凝土剪力墙结构的工程特点,在预制构件吊装、现浇混凝土连接节点、转换层做法、钢筋连接套筒灌浆、预制墙板及叠合板支撑体系、塔式起重机与墙体锚固等工序,采用了一系列关键技术及措施,实施效果良好。     

机械工程基础网络虚拟实验室的构建研究

介绍了机械工程基础网络虚拟实验室的构建过程。利用三维CAD软件SolidWorks建立常用机械零部件的三维模型。利用网络技术和基于SolidWorks的eDrawings软件,构建了网络虚拟实验室。研究表明,利用网络和虚拟技术进行实验教学,丰富了教学资源,有助于教学创新和提高教学效果。     

动静脉血管自动分类方法及其管径测量

视网膜动静脉管径以及动静脉比值可以反映高血压患者脑卒中发病的风险,因此对视网膜血管直径的量化分析有助于病情的风险评估和防治工作。提出了一种视网膜动静脉自动分类和血管直径的自动测量方法。首先,对视网膜血管网络进行分割,并获取中心线;其次选取了不同颜色空间中的不同通道分量,提出了基于中心线像素和血管像素的特征向量、血管宽度和中心光反射的特征向量,采用K均值聚类实现感兴趣测量区域内动静脉的自动分类;最后统计血管横截面的灰度曲线分布,利用高斯曲线进行拟合,根据半高度全宽获取动静脉宽度。分别对REVIEW和DRIVE数据库进行实验,验证了本方法的有效性。     

景观特征评估—LCA体系与HLC体系比较研究与启示

发端于英国的LCA和HLC这2套体系日益成为景观特征评估的重要方法和工具。从发展历程、方法步骤及其在不同尺度上的实践与应用等方面比较分析,发现LCA体系在跨国区域、国家尺度上的景观特征类型识别与区划具有明显优势,评估结果能包容更多的景观特征,但公众参与评估的深度和对景观历史维度的关注存在局限;HLC专注于历史景观的特征识别,在地方行政和场地尺度上对景观演变和历史景观特征类型识别优于LCA体系,但评估结果不及后者全面,二者存在互补性。合理借鉴和融合2套体系,进行景观特征类型识别和区划,将有助于指导中国国土景观、乡村景观的合理管护和利用。     

入口旋流对均一粒径液滴喷雾干燥塔影响的数值模拟

均一粒径液滴喷雾干燥塔（MDSD）在生产均匀尺寸颗粒产品中发挥着较大优势,进一步优化其干燥过程操作尤为重要。集成离散相（DPM）和反应工程法（REA）干燥方法,通过耦合分散室和主干燥室模型,本研究开发了完整的MDSD三维计算流体力学模型。并系统探究了在干燥过程中分散气旋流、热空气旋流以及二者共同旋流对颗粒运动和最终干燥效果的影响。模拟结果表明,在30°入射角下加入旋流效果最优。同时引入分散室和干燥室旋流后发现,同向旋流比反向旋流带来的干燥效果提升2%,更比无旋流操作下的干燥效果提升30%。欲达到同样的干燥效果,引入同向旋流,塔身可缩短近12%。     

新荧光试剂5－（4＇－硝基－2＇－羧基苯基偶氮）－2－硫代－4－噻唑啉酮的合成及其应用研究

报道了５－（４＇－硝基－２＇－羧基苯基偶氮）－２－硫代－４－噻唑啉酮（４ＮＲＡＣＰ）的合成。经柱层析提纯，用元素分析、ＩＲ、１ＨＮＭＲ和ＭＳ确证了其结构，研究了荧光性质，发现该试剂在溴代十六烷吡啶存在下，在无水乙醇溶液中与Ｅｕ（Ⅲ）形成稳定的荧光螯合物，λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝２９０ｎｍ／３４０ｎｍ，其线性范围为１．０×１０－８～１．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，检测限为１．５×１０－１０ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。测定了人工合成样品中的铕，结果满意。     

Rejection of As(III) and As(V) from arsenic contaminated water via electro-cross-flow negatively charged nanofiltration membrane system

A specially designed electro-cross-flow nanofiltration (NF) membrane system was used for this investigation. To enhance the rejection of arsenic ionic species like H₂AsO₄⁻, a NF membrane having a negative surface charge was fabricated via the interfacial polymerization process. The membrane was characterized by SEM, AFM, surface charge density, molecular weight cut-off (MWCO), total and skin thickness and pure water flux. The parameters that affected the rejections of As(III) and As(V) were studied; they included the initial arsenic concentration, the applied potential, pH of the feed, the cross-flow filtration pressure and the presence of different salts in the feed. Among those parameters, the pH of the feed greatly affected As(V) rejection; As(V) ([As(V)]_o = 1000 ppb) rejection was increased from 72.3 to 98.5% when pH of the feed was changed from 3.0 to 10.0. This might be due to the fact that higher pH enhanced the formation of negative divalent anion like HAsO₄²⁻ which should be rejected more effectively by the negative surface charge of the NF membrane. Beside the effect of the negative surface charge of the membrane, applied potential increased the As(V) rejection by 48.2% when the applied potential was increased from 0 to 2.0 V for a feed containing 1000 ppb initially. For the same change of applied potential rejection of As(III) was increased from 52.3 to 70.4%; this might be the result of the formation of anionic species like H₂AsO₃⁻ from the neutral molecule of H₃AsO₃ by the applied potential.     

穿孔管对集成式SCR催化转化消声器性能影响的试验研究

穿孔管结构广泛应用于消声器的设计中,SCR催化剂载体前端穿孔管对集成式SCR催化转化消声器的压力损失和SCR的NOx转化效率有较大影响.本研究设计了两种形式的SCR催化剂载体前穿孔管,通过试验研究了其对集成式SCR催化转化消声器性能的影响.采用水银U型管和傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)分别测量了压力损失和NOx等浓度.试验结果表明:穿孔率较大的穿孔管和孔部分朝向SCR载体的穿孔管造成的压力损失比较小;穿孔管的不同结构和不同位置布置对SCR的NOx转化效率有明显影响;在某些工况下,差异在10％以上.     

Microstructure and multifunctional properties of liquid + polymer bicomponent structural electrolytes: Epoxy gels and porous monoliths

Multifunctional structural batteries and supercapacitors have the potential to improve performance and efficiency in advanced lightweight systems. A critical requirement is a structural electrolyte with superior multifunctional performance. We present here structural electrolytes prepared by the integration of liquid electrolytes with structural epoxy networks. Two distinct approaches were investigated: direct blending of an epoxy resin with a poly(ethylene‐glycol) (PEG)‐ or propylene carbonate (PC)‐based liquid electrolyte followed by in‐situ cure of the resin; and formation of a porous neat epoxy sample followed by backfill with a PC‐based electrolyte. The results show that in situ cure of the electrolytes within the epoxy network does not lead to good multifunctional performance due to a combination of plasticization of the structural network and limited percolation of the liquid network. In contrast, addition of a liquid electrolyte to a porous monolith results in both good stiffness and high ionic conductivity that approach multifunctional goals. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42681.