面向对象系统的耦合性度量技术研究

度量技术是保证软件质量的重要方法,而耦合性是面向对象系统中一个复杂的软件属性。该文首先分析了面向对象系统的相关概念,然后概述了目前的耦合性定性度量框架,最后提出了一种综合耦合性的度量方法。     

科氏质量流量计中全数字驱动技术

针对全数字驱动技术流量管难以启振的问题,综述了模拟转数字启振、随机波启振、正弦波启振、扫频方波启振、正负阶跃交替启振等5种启振方法;针对驱动信号幅值、频率、相位难以调节的问题,提出了解决方法;针对全数字驱动技术的实现平台,综述了2种解决方案:基于DSP的单核全数字驱动和基于DSP+FPGA的双核全数字驱动。其中,基于DSP的单核全数字驱动成本低,易于推广;基于DSP+FPGA的双核全数字驱动精度更高。     

基于Petri网的空间信息工作流模型

利用工作流技术建立空间信息工作流,为支持空间信息处理过程的规划和管理提供科学的途径。基于Petri网和UniNet理论,建立了空间信息工作流模型GWPN。该模型利用Petri网和UniNet的诸多优点,兼顾控制流和数据流,并充分考虑了过程中的空间语义约束,准确定义空间信息处理过程,解决了空间应用的特殊性问题。     

Fluorescence detection and identification of tagging agents and impurities found in explosives

The detection and identification of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) vapors have proven to be difficult and challenging due to the low vapor pressures of these high explosives. Detecting higher vapor pressure impurity compounds found in TNT and possible tagging agents mandated to be added to plastic explosives (RDX and PETN) would allow for easier vapor detection. The higher vapor pressure nitro compounds of interest are considered to be non-fluorescent; however, once reduced to their amino analogs, they have relatively high quantum yields. The standard reduction products, the reduction products obtained in solution, and the reduction products obtained in vapor phase were analyzed by conventional fluorescence, synchronous luminescence, and derivative spectroscopy. The nitro analogs of the isomers 1,3-diaminobenzene, 1,2-diaminobenzene, and 1,4-diaminobenzene are found as impurities in TNT. We provide for the first time the synchronous luminescence derivative spectra of these isomers; including their individual spectra and a spectrum of an isomeric mixture of the three. Using the standard reduction products associated with these isomers and other aromatic amines, our data suggest that the vapors of two signature impurities, 1,3-dinitrobenzene and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), minor impurity compounds, and two possible tagging agents, 2-nitrotoluene (2-NT) and 4-nitrotoluene (4-NT), can be detected and selectively identified using our fluorescence approach. To prove our methodology, we show that we were able to generate, collect, and reduce 2-NT, 4-NT, and 2,4-DNT vapors to their amino analogs. Using our fluorescence approach, these vapors could be detected and selectively identified both individually and in a mixture. Collectively, our data indicate that our method of detecting and identifying higher vapor pressure explosive-like compounds could potentially be used to detect and identify low vapor pressure explosives such as TNT, RDX, and PETN.     

一种确定低渗透油藏启动压力梯度的新方法

原油中的表面活性组分在多孔介质的孔道壁面上吸附形成了边界层,从而使得低渗透油藏的启动压力梯度远大于中高渗油藏的启动压力梯度。首先分析了边界层的形成及影响因素,然后建立一个孔隙网络模型来进行渗流模拟。通过在孔道中引入边界层,可以利用孔隙级网络模型作出压力梯度与渗流速度之间的关系曲线,即渗流曲线。由渗流曲线便可进一步确定启动压力梯度。该方法首次在确定启动压力梯度时直接考虑了边界层的影响,而且将孔隙级网络模型的应用进一步扩展到了低渗透油藏。     

管道全位置焊接机器人结构设计与分析

针对长输油气管道焊接效率低、劳动强度大和焊接质量不稳定的问题,研制了一种管道全位置焊接机器人。根据野外施工特点,采用模块化设计方法,确定了焊接机器人结构,主要包括行走机构、焊炬调节机构和送丝系统三部分,并对其结构特点和工作原理进行了分析。根据机械模型建立了机器人的运动学方程,进行了仿真和试验研究,仿真结果表明：该机器人可以完成对应壁厚钢管的焊接,且焊接质量良好。     

锰硫比对SPHC热轧薄板边部舌状裂纹的影响

针对迁钢2160mm热轧线生产的SPHC热轧薄板经常出现边部舌状裂纹缺陷,研究了舌状裂纹的形貌及形成机理。结果表明,SPHC薄板边部舌状裂纹缺陷的产生是由于Mn含量较低导致锰硫比较低,使板坯边角部位易出现微裂纹,并在轧制过程中流变至带钢边部而形成。经实践,w(Mn)/w(S)>20时,可有效避免SPHC板边部舌状裂纹的产生。     

A side-sensitive synthetic coefficient of variation chart

Control charts for monitoring the coefficient of variation (γ) are useful for processes with an inconsistent mean (μ) and a standard deviation (σ) which changes with μ, by monitoring the consistency in the ratio σ over μ. The synthetic-γ chart is one of the charts proposed to monitor γ, and its attractiveness lie in waiting until a second point to fall outside the control limits before a decision is made. However, existing synthetic-γ charts do not differentiate between the points falling outside the upper control limit (UCL) and lower control limit (LCL). Hence, this paper proposes a side-sensitive synthetic-γ chart, where successive nonconforming samples must either fall above the UCL or below the LCL. Formulae to compute the average run length (ARL), the standard deviation of the run length (SDRL) and expected average run length (EARL) are derived using the Markov chain approach, and the algorithms to obtain the optimal charting parameters are proposed. Subsequently, the optimal charting parameters, ARL, SDRL and EARL values for various numerical examples are shown. Comparisons show that the side-sensitive synthetic-γ chart consistently outperforms the existing synthetic-γ chart, especially for small shifts. The proposed chart also consistently outperforms the Shewhart-γ chart, while showing comparable or better performance than the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) chart for most shift sizes, except for very small shifts. Finally, this paper shows the implementation of the proposed chart on an industrial example.     

高强火山岩轻集料混凝土耐久性能的试验研究

随着我国大型建筑技术的发展，轻集料混凝土的应用越来越受到重视．针对轻集料混凝土耐久性的研究还不普遍的现况，对火山岩轻集料混凝土的渗透性、抗冻性及干燥收缩等试验进行论述，并根据试验结果得出初步结论．     

Wavelet based speech presence probability estimator for speech enhancement

A reliable speech presence probability (SPP) estimator is important to many frequency domain speech enhancement algorithms. It is known that a good estimate of SPP can be obtained by having a smooth a-posteriori signal to noise ratio (SNR) function, which can be achieved by reducing the noise variance when estimating the speech power spectrum. Recently, the wavelet denoising with multitaper spectrum (MTS) estimation technique was suggested for such purpose. However, traditional approaches directly make use of the wavelet shrinkage denoiser which has not been fully optimized for denoising the MTS of noisy speech signals. In this paper, we firstly propose a two-stage wavelet denoising algorithm for estimating the speech power spectrum. First, we apply the wavelet transform to the periodogram of a noisy speech signal. Using the resulting wavelet coefficients, an oracle is developed to indicate the approximate locations of the noise floor in the periodogram. Second, we make use of the oracle developed in stage 1 to selectively remove the wavelet coefficients of the noise floor in the log MTS of the noisy speech. The wavelet coefficients that remained are then used to reconstruct a denoised MTS and in turn generate a smooth a-posteriori SNR function. To adapt to the enhanced a-posteriori SNR function, we further propose a new method to estimate the generalized likelihood ratio (GLR), which is an essential parameter for SPP estimation. Simulation results show that the new SPP estimator outperforms the traditional approaches and enables an improvement in both the quality and intelligibility of the enhanced speeches.