Licensed Psychologists on the Increase, 1974-1979.

Tracking the licensed psychologists in 10 target states revealed a 12% increase from 1974 to 1976 and a further 27% increase in the next three years, or a 42% growth over this five-year (1974-1979) period. Given an unduplicated count of 25,510 licensed psychologists nationally in 1976, these trends suggest a national projection, as of 1980, of 35,100 licensed psychologists residing in the United States, of whom 24,300 are clinically active doctoral-level, health service providers. Policy implications and variations among the states are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Are brook trout streams in western Virginia and Shenandoah National Park recovering from acidification?

Streamwater composition data obtained through periodic sampling of streams that support brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the mountains of western Virginia were examined for evidence of recovery from acidification during the 1988-2001 period. Measurements of sulfate deposition in precipitation indicate that sulfate deposition in the region declined approximately 40% between 1985 and 2000. While no significant regional trends in acid-base constituents were observed for the set (n = 65) of western Virginia study streams, significant regional trends were observed for a subset (n = 14) of streams in Shenandoah National Park (SNP). For the subset of SNP streams, the median increase in acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) was 0.168 microequiv L(-1) year(-1) and the median decrease in sulfate concentration was -0.229 microequiv L(-1) year(-1). Although these trends are consistent with recovery from acidification, the degree of apparent recovery is small compared to estimates of historic acidification in SNP streams and much less than observed in other, more northern regions in the United States. Correlation between sulfate concentration trends and current sulfate concentrations in streamwater suggests that recovery from stream acidification in the western Virginia region is determined by sulfur retention processes in watershed soils. A transient increase in nitrate concentrations that occurred among some western Virginia streams following forest defoliation by the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) complicates interpretation of the observed patterns of change in acid-base status.     

Structure from motion of rigid and jointed objects

A method for recovering the three-dimensional structure of moving rigid and jointed objects from several single camera views is presented. The method is based on the fixed axis assumption: all movement consists of translations and rotations about an axis that is fixed in direction for short periods of time. This assumption makes it possible to recover the structure of any group of two or more rigidly connected points. The structure of jointed objects is recovered by analyzing them as collections of rigid parts, and then unifying the structures proposed for the parts. The method presented here has been tested on several sets of data, including movies used to demonstrate human perception of structure from motion.     

The maximum surgical blood order schedule and surgical blood use in the United States

The outdating of units of blood can be reduced by decreasing the amount of time they spend in an assigned or crossmatched status. This reduction can be achieved in a hospital by establishing a maximum surgical blood order schedule (MSBOS) which reduces the excessive number of units of blood crossmatched preoperatively for patients undergoing elective surgery. The various steps which occurred in the development of a MSBOS in a large general hospital are detailed and the projected reduction in the number of crossmatched units which can be achieved with the MSBOS is illustrated. illustrated. The projected number of units of blood transfused to patients during their hospitalization for 50 common primary surgical procedures in the United States during 1974 is presented as a basis for defining maximum blood orders for each procedure.