梯形断面水力计算的一种新方法

本文从梯形水力最优断面的基本思路出发，通过理论分析找到了梯形断面水力计算的一种新方法——即通过特征参数进行梯形断面的水力计算。     

井下伴热电缆导体集肤效应的有限元法分析

运用有限元法, 对交频井下伴热电缆导体内部的集肤效应现象进行了数值模拟和分析,比较直观地得出交频电缆中电流密度的分布特性, 以及交流电的不同频率对导体集肤深度的影响。在集肤效应作用下, 电缆导体内部的有效过流面积减小, 交流阻抗显著加大, 其发热量也很大,井下电缆伴热加热技术就是利用这一原理来加热原油的。通过数值模拟, 可以定量地说明电参数对加热效果的影响, 为稠油井井下电缆伴热技术中优化加热参数提供指导。     

钻井过程中水合物层化学稳定实验研究

油田试验显示,钻井液中加入Lecithin可稳定北极Cascade地区水合物层。针对这一现象开展了一系列实验研究。通过特制的实验装置,对加入不同含量Lecithin后钻井液Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ(或加入部分水)体系中甲烷水合物形成的热力学条件和甲烷水合物的生成速度与数量进行了测定。实验结果表明:Lecithin的加入基本上不影响钻井液中甲烷水合物形成的热力学条件;对于钻井液Ⅰ和钻井液Ⅲ的实验流体体系,Lecithin是很好的甲烷水合物生成促进剂。     

常减压蒸馏装置阻垢剂进料管腐蚀与防护

通过对常减压蒸馏装置阻垢剂进料管的材质、性能、工作条件及腐蚀形貌、腐蚀产物的全面分析,找出了使进料管发生大面积腐蚀的腐蚀介质为环烷酸.并提出了减缓阻垢剂进料管环烷酸腐蚀的措施,主要包括选用更耐蚀的316或316 L材质以及改进三通结构等.     

n-Al2O3P/Ni复合刷镀层的组织和摩擦磨损特性

研究了镍基纳米Al2O3复合电刷镀层（n-Al2O3^p/Ni）的组织特征及擦磨损特性，并与快镍刷镀（Ni)进行了比较。结果表明：n-Al2O3^p/Ni复合刷镀层表面粗糙度更小，组织更致密，镀层摩擦系数随镀液中纳米粒子含量增加稍有增大；n-Al2O3在复合刷镀层中弥散分布，与基相良好结合；复合镀的耐磨性能明显优于Ni刷镀层，镀液中n-Al2O3含量为20g/L时，复合刷镀层具有最佳耐磨性能。     

吸收雷达波包装材料的研究进展

论述了吸收雷达波包装材料的基本组成及其选择原则，在此基础上讨论了吸波材料的吸波原理及影响吸波性能的因素，并指出了吸波包装材料的开发现状和应用进展及其发展万向。     

宽带激光熔覆WCP/Ni基合金梯度复合涂层组织与摩擦磨损特性

研究了铸造WC_P/Ni基合金梯度复合涂层组织与摩擦磨损特性。结果表明,梯度复合涂层与基材实现了良好的冶金结合,涂层内有γ-Ni枝晶组织,γ-Ni＋M₂₃C 6共晶组织以及凝固结晶析出的M₆C、M₂₃C₆、M₇C₃等块状或条状组织;随着铸造WC_P体积分数的增加,复合涂层摩擦系数减小,耐磨性增加。19-4试样的耐磨性最高值为4.61,是基材的3倍以上。梯度涂层的磨损机理为磨粒磨损与粘着磨损的复合作用。     

各国核电厂场外应急计划的比较

本文分析和比较了各国核电厂的应急计划,特别是场外应急的干予水平和应急计划区,讨论了我国干予水平、核电厂应急计划区和香港核应急计划几个实际问题。     

用于微波/射频集成电路的一种新型低损耗介质——多孔硅及氧化多孔硅厚膜

提出在单片微波集成电路(MMIC)中用多孔硅/氧化多孔硅厚膜作微波无源器件的低损耗介质膜.研究了厚度为70μm的多孔硅/氧化多孔硅厚膜在低阻硅衬底上的形成,这层厚膜增加了衬底的电阻率,减少了微波的有效介质损耗.通过测量在低阻硅衬底上形成的氧化多孔硅厚膜上的共平面波导的微波特性,证明了在低阻硅衬底上用厚膜氧化多孔硅可以提高共平面传输线(CPW)的微波特性.     

Design consideration of photocatalytic oxidation reactors using TiO2-coated foam nickels for degrading indoor gaseous formaldehyde

In the design process of the photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) reactor using TiO₂-coated foam nickels, the optimum of catalyst film thickness, light intensity and flow velocity were considered. A model was developed to study the effect of catalyst film thickness on photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde by a TiO₂-coated foam nickel at continuous flow mode. In this model, external mass transfer and internal molecule diffusion-reaction were considered. A first-order kinetics equation was used to account for the photocatalytic reaction. Two exponential equations were employed to describe the distribution of light intensities in foam nickels and catalyst films, respectively. Validated with experimental data, the model can be used to predict the optimal thickness of catalyst films. A method for determining appropriate light intensities was proposed and discussed. The appropriate light intensity can be obtained by giving a margin, regarded as an excess coefficient, to the light intensity calculated based on the assumption of complete use of excited electron–hole pairs. The excess coefficient needs to be determined experimentally. In addition, the optimal flow velocity of PCO reactors could be consistent with the required one by changing the windward area of foam nickels. Based on the theoretical analyses, a novel PCO reactor containing 15 parallel-connected cells was designed. Each reaction cell was composed of an UV lamp and a TiO₂-coated tubular foam nickel. The performance of the reactor was tested by degrading gaseous formaldehyde at an indoor concentration level. The results showed that the reactor had low pressure loss and good degradation capability.