乙酰丙酮分光光度法测定啤酒中甲醛

建立了检测啤酒中甲醛含量的新方法。在酸性条件下将溶解于水中的游离甲醛随水蒸出,馏出液中甲醛与乙酰丙酮作用,在100℃水浴中加热生成稳定的二乙酰基二氢吡啶化合物,冷却后在415nm处测吸光度,即可测的啤酒中甲醛含量。方法检出限为0.12μg/10mL,线性范围:0.0-8.0μg/10mL,RSD为0.73%-2.39%。样品加标回收率在98.4%-102.6%。该方法简便,灵敏度高,重线性好,适合啤酒中甲醛的测定。     

Antioxidant properties and composition of Majorana syriaca extracts

Majorana syriaca is an important food‐flavouring ingredient in the Middle Eastern culture known commonly as Za'atar. The components of the plant were extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus sequentially with solvents of increasing polarity, specifically with petroleum ether (P), diethyl ether (D), ethyl acetate (EAc), and ethanol (E). The activity of the extracts to scavenge the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH^?) followed the order D > E > EAc > P. Moreover, the antioxidant activity in corn oil at concentrations of 200, 500 and 1000 ppm was monitored through peroxide value and conjugated hydroperoxide measurements and revealed that D and E extracts resulted in the highest protection followed by EAc and P extracts. Increasing the concentration from 200 to 500 ppm depressed peroxide formation, while a further increase had no effect. The main components of the P extract according to GS‐MS analysis were thymol (42.89%) and carvacrol (42.75%). The remaining extracts comprise flavonoids and phenolic acids that provide the antiradical and antioxidant activity.     

Binding of several heavy metal ions by polyaspartyl polymers and their application to some Chinese herbal medicines

Water‐insoluble polyaspartyl polymers were synthesized by using water as medium instead of organic medium. Taking Ca²⁺ as a reference, the binding of several heavy‐metal ions, including Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Hg²⁺, Cr³⁺, Cu²⁺, and Mn²⁺, by polyaspartyl polymers was studied. The experimental results revealed that polyaspartate is an excellent binding agent for the investigated heavy‐metal ions. These cation ions were bound to polyaspartate polymer by the same mechanism as Pb²⁺, which can be explained by ion exchange model. Since polyaspartate has a protein‐resembling structure that is sensitive to trace heavy metal, it was used to remove some trace heavy‐metal elements in Chinese herbal medicines. It was found that polyaspartate material was an effective agent for the removal of Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Hg²⁺ ions from glycyrrhizin, angelica, and gynostemma pentaphyllum. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

基于变权灰色关联法的长江荆南三口地区水资源短缺程度分析

对荆南三口地区水资源短缺程度进行分析研究,为实现区域水资源可持续合理利用提供科学依据。在水资源短缺评价研究中,前期研究成果大多采用常权法确定评价指标,致使评价指标产生状态失衡。将变权理论引入到水资源短缺程度分析中,从而确定评价指标变权重,并结合灰色关联法,构建水资源短缺程度分析的变权灰色关联法模型并加以应用。最终得出荆南三口地区三县的水资源短缺程度均为轻度缺水,其缺水程度排序为:华容县南县安乡县。利用变权灰色关联法计算水资源短缺程度,方法可行,结果合理,满足了评价指标均衡性要求。     

制浆造纸工业用消泡剂的开发及应用进展

制浆造纸工业生产过程中不可避免会产生泡沫,泡沫控制不当会严重影响制浆造纸工艺条件的执行以及设备的正常运转,导致产品产量和质量降低,而控制泡沫最直接有效的措施是添加合适的消泡剂.该文介绍了制浆造纸工业生产中泡沫的产生和稳定机理,泡沫对制浆造纸工业生产过程和产品质量的影响,并针对制浆造纸生产中制浆、抄纸、涂布和脱墨等工段泡沫特性和消泡要求,综述了制浆造纸用消泡剂的发展历程、各工段消泡剂种类和性质,介绍了消泡剂的研制开发和实际应用成本及使用效果等,并对制浆造纸用消泡剂的发展进行了展望.     

输送自动化系统的应用

分析了我国目前固体原料和成品包装输送系统的控制现状和PLC控制输送系统，通过介绍一大型粮库采用的PLC顺序控制直接与操作计算机局域网相连的输送方式，阐述了现代高度自动化输送系统的构成、特点和功能目标，指出使用现代计算机技术和信息技术是输送系统自动化的方向。     

含IL-2基因的乙型肝炎病毒DNA疫苗的构建及其免疫效果

目的构建含白细胞介素-2(IL-2)基因的乙型肝炎病毒DNA疫苗,并考察免疫效果。方法将微小病毒内部核糖体进入位点(Internal ribosomal entry site,IRES)基因克隆到质粒pVAX1载体多克隆位点处,再将乙肝病毒表面抗原(HB-sAg)基因和IL-2基因分别连接在IRES基因的两侧,构建出乙肝病毒DNA疫苗pHII。将pHII转染COS-7细胞,进行瞬时表达。大量提取质粒后,按0、2、4周程序免疫BALB/c小鼠,以pVAX1质粒为阴性对照,pVAX/HBsAg质粒为阳性对照。第1针免疫1周后开始眼眶采血,检测血清中HBsAg和HBsAb含量。第1针免疫13周后处死小鼠,用流式细胞仪检测其脾脏T细胞表面CD4+、CD8+分子数量。结果在转染pHII质粒的COS-7细胞上清液中检测到HBsAg和IL-2的表达。实验组和阳性对照组小鼠分别于第1针免疫2、4周后,在血清中检测出HBsAb,但阴性对照组未测出。以上3组均未检测出HBsAg。实验组与阳性对照组相比,产生抗体的时间提前2周,抗体阳转率提高2.5倍,产生抗体的量也提高了近3倍。实验组CD4+分子数量和CD4+/CD8+值均高于阳性对照组。结论乙肝病毒DNA疫苗pHII成功诱导出小鼠的免疫应答,其免疫效果明显优于不含分子佐剂的乙肝DNA疫苗。     

Investigation on the properties of a three‐component copolymer consisting of tris(allylphenoxy) triazine monomer and a diamine‐chain‐extension bismaleimide

A new type of modified bismaleimide resin was obtained by copolymerization between tris(allylphenoxy)triazine monomer (TAPT) and an aromatic diamine‐chain‐extension bismaleimide [e.g., 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (DADPM)‐chain‐extension 4,4′‐bismaleimidodiphenylmethane (BMDPM)]. The new three‐component‐polymer system had good processibility and mechanical properties. Better results were obtained when the weight ratio of TAPT to the DADPM‐chain‐extension BMDPM resin was 30%. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 475–480, 2004     

横梁风电场风机基础选型研究

根据横梁风电场的气象和地形地质条件等基本资料,风机塔筒与风机基础采用预应力锚栓组合件进行连接,对梁板式预应力锚栓基础与传统的圆形扩展基础进行了技术经济比较。梁板式预应力锚栓基础整体安全性更好,可减少基础的钢筋与混凝土用量,节约工程投资183.5万元,即技术可行,经济合理。     

金平水电站坝型比选研究

根据金平水电站坝址的水文气象和地形地质条件等基本资料,对砾石土心墙堆石坝和沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝进行技术经济比较。沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝防渗土料工程量小,施工环节少,占用土地少,环境影响小,施工技术成熟,工程投资省745万元,故采用了沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝方案,金平水电站已投产发电,运行良好。