Surge Limiters for Vacuum Circuit Breaker Switchgear

The use of vacuum circult breakers In motor feeder applications (where motor terminal surge protection is not normally used) may require overvoltage surge protection within the switchgear to properly protect the motors. This need can be fulfilled by surge limiters designed for installation within the switchgear connected to the load side of the vacuum circuit breaker. This paper reviews the basic phenomena which cause vacuum switchgear related surges and dtscusses the need for surge limiters. This paper also describes the design of these surge limiters and provides information and performance data for their application.     

Herstellung von V3Ga- und Nb3Sn- multifilamentleitern hoher stromtragfähigkeit mit hilfe chemischer transportreaktionen

Composite wires containing vanadium or niobium filaments in a copper or bronze matrix can be charged with gallium or tin by the aid of chemical transport reactions. The reactions take place in a closed reaction chamber heated isothermally. Chemical transport is initiated by traces of water or iodine or hydrogenchloride. In short samples of the conductors appropriately annealed overall current densities up to 2·10⁵ A/cm² (4.2 K; 5 T) were attained.Under certain experimental conditions the direction of the transport can be reversed. Then the greater part of the tin is extracted from its copper solution.     

Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit metallkeramischer Werkstoffe der Systeme ZrO2-Mo und Al2O3-Fe zwischen 20 und 1700°C

Berechnung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit metallkeramischer Werkstoffe. Erklärung der sprunghaften Leitfähigkeitsänderung mit einem Polyedermodell. Messung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit an gesinterten Metallkeramiken aus elektronenleitendem Zirkonoxid und Molybdän, stabilisiertem, ionenleitendem Zirkonoxid und Molybdän sowie aus Aluminiumoxid und Eisen. Einfluß der Ausgangskorngröße der oxidischen Komponente auf die elektrische Leitfähigkeit.     

Proceedings of the American Psychological Association, Incorporated, for the Year 1973: Minutes of the Annual Meeting and Special Meeting of the Council of Representatives.

These minutes constitute the official record of actions of the Association taken during the year, both by the Council of Representatives and by the Board of Directors. The Special Meeting of Council was called in accordance with Article III, Section 2, of the APA Bylaws. The stated objects in the notice for the meeting were as follows: "to consider the phaseout and termination of federal support of training, research, and service; steps to meet this crisis; and the general nonresponsiveness of the APA toward urgent matters of this kind." Items included by vote of Council on the agenda of this meeting are reported as part of these annual proceedings. The roll of Representatives was called at each meeting, and more than a quorum answered to their names. Reference is made to various reports, some of which will be published elsewhere. Copies of these reports were distributed to Council members and are on file in the Central Office. As long as the supply lasts, extra copies of many of the reports are available from the Central Office. The Board of Directors met seven times during this Association year. All substantive actions of the Board were reported to Council and are included in these minutes. Further details of the Board's actions are to be found in the minutes of each meeting. As in previous years, these minutes are organized in topical rather than chronological order. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

McKeachie Replies.

Mea culpa. My only excuse is that when I read Epstein I was not preparing a presidential address; when I read Brim (in a prepublication version minus footnotes), it fitted with what I wanted to say and is, I think, a unique and valuable contribution in itself. And while apologizing to Epstein, let me add apologies to George Kelly, Julian Rotter, Magda Arnold, Albert Ellis, and all other cognitive theorists, dead or alive, whom I failed to cite. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Rasterelektronenmikroskopische Direktbeobachtung metallurgischer Reaktionen bis zu Schmelztemperaturen

Strukturveränderungen bei der Reduktion von Eisenoxiden, ermittelt aus der direkten Beobachtung der metallurgischen Reaktionen im Rasterelektronenmikroskop. Wachstumsmechanismus nadelförmiger Eisenausscheidungen. Volumenänderung bei der Reduktion. Sinterprozesse nach Abschluß der Reduktion. Diskussion der Auswirkungen der Strukturveränderungen auf den Hochofenbetrieb. Hochofentemperatur- und Schmelzversuche im Zusatzgerät zum Rasterelektronenmikroskop.