Sol-gel preparation of transparent zinc oxide films with highly preferential crystal orientation

ZnO films highly orientated along the (0 0 2) plane were obtained by preheating the films at different temperatures for 10 min after each coating and postheating at 600 °C for 1 h. The pre-heat treatment conditions were found to strongly affect the crystallographic orientation, morphology and the optical properties of the resultant ZnO films. The more the films were oriented preferentially along (0 0 2) direction, the greater became their optical properties. By applying the preheating temperature of 300 °C, the grain size of films was increased and the average optical transmittance became about 80% in the visible range. The films showed smooth surface with a fine microstructure without cracks and voids.     

闸板裂纹分析

采用化学分析、硬度测试、金相检验等方法对闸板裂纹进行了分析.结果表明闸板产生裂纹的主要原因是由于闸板背部的盲孔处进行过补焊,并且在补焊区存在一些空洞、微裂纹、未焊透等缺陷,零件在外力作用下,首先在焊缝区粗大的马氏体+下贝氏体区域的内部缺陷处形成裂纹源,然后沿焊缝二相区组织界面迅速扩展形成裂纹.     

三元体系PEG 4000-Cs2SO4-H2O在25,35和45 ℃时的相平衡研究

采用自制的相平衡研究装置，测定了PEG 4000-Cs2SO4-H2O三元体系在25，35和45℃时的等温平衡溶解度，同时给出了该体系的完整相图，在相图中观察到6个相区。结果表明，该体系双液相区随着温度的升高略有增加，结线的斜率也随温度的升高而增大。用四参数方程y=a bx^0.5 cχ dχ^2对该体系的双液线进行了拟合，拟合结果较好。用Othmer-Tobias方程和Bancroft方程对该体系结线的实验数据进行了关联，所有线性相关系数均大于0．98。热重分析确定平衡固相组成为无水硫酸铯。     

阴离子表面活性剂测定过程中有关问题的探讨

就亚甲蓝分光光度法测定阴离子表面活性剂应注意的有关问题进行了探讨，改进了测定的方法，具有简便良好的准确度和精密度。     

A multi-objective decision-making method for the treatment scheme of landslide hazard

The treatment engineering of landslide hazard is a complicated system engineering. The selecting treatment scheme is influenced by many factors such as technology, economics, environment, and risk. The decision-making of treatment schemes of landslide hazard is a problem of comprehensive judgment with multi-hierarchy and multi-objective. The traditional analysis hierarchy process needs identity test. The traditional analysis hierarchy process is improved by means of optimal transfer matrix here. An im-proved hierarchy decision-making model for the treatment of landslide hazard is set up. The judgment matrix obtained by the method can naturally meet the requirement of identity, so the identity test is not necessary. At last, the method is applied to the treatment decision-making of the dangerous rock mass at the Slate Mountain, and its application is discussed in detail.     

英语教学中的快速阅读策略

快速阅读是根据图式理论提出的一种阅读策略，它是目前国内采用的主要阅读教学方式。章着重对快速阅读的基本策略进行了简述和分析，对学生快速阅读能力的提高提出了一些建议。     

Effect of temperature on microstructure ofmolybdenum diffusion coating on titanium substrate

The halide-activated pack cementation process was used to form molybdenum diffusion coating on titanium substrate. The morphology, structure, elements diffusion distribution and microhardness of the coatings formed at different diffusion temperatures were studied. The results indicate that the coating is made up of deposition layer and diffusion layer, and the surface roughness of specimens is increased after diffusion. In the diffusion layer, the major phases are Mo and β-Ti phase with addition of α′-Ti phase and α″-Ti phase. And the phase composition of Mo →β→α″→α′ is formed for different Mo contents in the diffusion layer from outside to inside. The diffusion of Ti element is very obvious as well as Mo element. With increasing the diffusion temperature, the thickness of diffusion layer is increased rapidly, and the microhardness is changed more smoothly with diffusion depth, which shows the same distribution rules as the Mo content.     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-Ce-Zn-Zr wrought alloy

Microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-2.0 ?-0.7 % Zn-0.7% Zr alloy were studied. The results of scanning electron microscopy show that Mg12 Ce phase mainly distributes at the grain boundaries. The fine Mg12 Ce phase can apparently elevate recrystallization temperature by preventing the grain boundary migration. No dynamic recrystallization occurs during the hot-extrusion. The mechanical properties of as extruded specimens are σb=278.5MPa, δ=12.0%, while those of the specimens annealed at 250℃ for 100 h are σb=272.6 MPa, δ=11.3%, which indicate that the alloy has good mechanical properties at room temperature.     

电梯轿厢重量的改变对曳引能力的影响

在电梯改造过程中常涉及到对轿厢的改造.从电梯曳引条件的角度,分析了常见电梯轿厢重量改变对曳引能力的影响情况.认为:当轿厢与对重同时增加重量时,允许的载重量增加;当轿厢增加重量而对重不增加时,允许的载重量减少,且有打滑的可能;当轿厢与对重同时减少重量时,允许的载重量也将减少,亦有打滑的可能.     

WTO主要条款对我军装备建设的适用与影响

熟知WTO规则,为我军装备建设发展寻找有利空间;研究了WTO协定法律文本中适用装备建设的有关条款;并阐述了直接适用和间接适用装备建设的WTO条款对装备建设产生的影响。