铁固体超强酸催化剂的改性及结构特征

用沉淀法在一定条件下制备了由硫酸根促进的以氧化铁为主要活性组分的铁固体超强酸催化剂 ,并选择了氧化镧与氧化锆作为辅助金属氧化物添加剂进行了改性。用红外光谱测定了其分子结构 ,用流动气相色谱法测定了催化剂的比表面积和孔径结构。结果表明 ,铁固体超强酸催化剂的酸强度H0 ≤ - 1 4 5 2 ,比表面积为 1 2 4 8m2 ·g- 1 ,孔径集中在 1 0～ 2 0nm ,分子为桥式双配位结构。经改性后的催化剂用于乙酸丁酯的合成反应 ,有较高的催化活性和使用寿命。     

The effect of precipitation of Mg2Al3 and of MnAl6 on texture evolution during isothermal annealing and subsequently on formability of CC AA5182 Al alloy

Continuous cast (CC) AA5182 Al alloy with the precipitation of Mg₂Al₃ and of MnAl₆ was cold rolled to 70% reduction and then isothermally annealed in a salt bath at three temperatures (316, 343, and 371 °C) for different times. Texture evolution during recrystallization was investigated. It was found that the recrystallization textures of the material with intense Mg₂Al₃ precipitation along the grain boundaries exhibited weaker Cube, Goss and R/β fiber components than those of the material with the more uniform fine MnAl₆ precipitates. The opposite was true in the cold rolled condition, i.e. the material with MnAl₆ precipitation had weaker Cube, Goss, and R/β fiber components in the cold rolled condition than the material with intense Mg₂Al₃ precipitation. Thus, recrystallization textures of material with Mg₂Al₃ precipitation were weaker than material with MnAl₆ precipitation. This is due to the fact that large Mg₂Al₃ particles favor the nucleation of randomly oriented grains. When subjected to formability tests, the material with prior Mg₂Al₃ precipitation displayed a lower anisotropy in tensile yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, elongation, and strain hardening exponent than material with prior MnAl₆ precipitation. This is in accord with the texture results which indicated that the recrystallization textures of material with an initial Mg₂Al₃ precipitation were closer to those of a perfectly random sample than those of material with an initial MnAl₆ precipitation. On the other hand, the elongation and Olsen values were lower and the surface quality after bending tests was worse for material with Mg₂Al₃ precipitation. This is due to the non-uniform distribution of Mg₂Al₃ particles which precipitated primarily along the grain boundaries and caused an earlier formation and coalescence of the microvoids around the grain boundary precipitates. The forming limit diagrams (FLD) correlated well with the tensile, Olsen and bending results.     

屏蔽泵石墨轴承材料的强度和耐磨性研究

对屏蔽泵的石墨轴承材料的强度、磨损性和摩擦系数进行了实验研究。在DWD-3020电子万能试验机上对普通石墨和浸润树脂石墨材料的弹性模量进行了测定，同时确定了材料的拉伸和压缩强度极限。在Falex摩擦磨损机上对材料进行了磨损试验，得到了转速和载荷对这两种材料磨损的影响，并利用CSM950扫描电子显微镜对其摩擦表面作了形貌分析。     

R∞关系的几个重要性质

在二元关系R的基础上构造了R^∞关系，给出并证明了R^∞关系的几个重要性质。这些性质在粗糙集理论中研究R^∞领域系统及其近似算子时甚为重要。     

高聚物中渗入C_(60)/C_(70)后计算内阻的压力函数法

应用宏观力学模型对高聚物渗入Ｃ６０／Ｃ７０后的微观内阻机理进行力学分析,提出分子滚珠轴承的设想,得出计算内阻的压力函数法和滚滑内阻权函数的概念。     

电势公式Φ=q/(4πε_o)(1/r-1/r′)的推广应用研究

根据唯一性定理及镜像法把真空中的电势公式Φ =q4πεo(1r - 1r′)推广到电介质中去 ,使电介质中电势的求解问题得到了进一步简化     

自干型有机硅耐烧蚀涂料制备及性能研究

针对室外露天使用的大型高温燃烧炉设备的表面防护,研制一种能够室温自干的有机硅耐烧蚀涂料。以特种环氧改性有机硅树脂作为成膜树脂,复配可熔融陶瓷粉、金属粉、耐高温填料制备有机硅耐烧蚀涂料。结果表明,所制备涂料适合在户外大面积施工应用,能在室温条件下自然干燥,无需高温加热固化,具有优异的耐热性与耐烧蚀性,可在500℃高温环境下长时间使用,可短时承受1000℃高温火焰烧蚀,并展现良好的耐中性盐雾与耐湿热性能,满足在室外大型高温燃烧炉设备表面施工与应用要求。     

添加ZrO2对铜基摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用粉末冶金方法制备了高速列车用铜基摩擦材料,研究了添加ZrO2的量对材料的摩擦因数、磨损量的影响规律。结果表明:在添加ZrO2的材料中,含5%(质量分数,下同)ZrO2的材料摩擦因数较高,磨损量也较大;添加8%ZrO2的材料在高速下的摩擦因数较高,磨损率较小且变化平稳。材料的磨损在较低的速度下以粘着磨损为主;随着速度的上升,磨损也逐渐变成以剥层脱落和氧化磨损的混合机制为主。     

A ctivation measurement of neutron distribution in intermediate energy heavy ion target area

The distribution of neutrons produced by the reaction of 50MeV/u ^12C-ion on a thick Cu target are studied.The neutrons are measured with threshold activation detectors.Al.F,C,Al and In activation samples were used to measure neutrons with energy greater than 7,11,20,50MeV and thermal neutrons,respectively,The fluence rate,energy and angular distributions of neutrons,total neutron yield of 12C-ion and the emission rate in the forward direction of neutrons over 11 and 20MeV were obtained.     

计及数据不平衡的RUSBoost-LightGBM 短期负荷预测方法

随着人工智能技术的发展,负荷预测的准确度显著提高,但仍有一些负荷曲线预测精度较低。造成这种现象的原因 在于训练集中这类负荷曲线属于少数类,导致数据不平衡,模型无法充分学习,从而影响了预测的精度。为解决电力负荷数 据不平衡问题导致的预测精度降低的问题,提出了一种先分类后预测的解决方法。通过改进的K-Mediods 方法把具有高相 似性的历史负荷曲线进行聚类,并构造分类标签与电力负荷的特征集;然后根据预测时间的特征进行分类,通过RUSBoost 算 法很好的优化了分类过程中数据不平衡问题;最后在每类中使用LightGBM算法进行负荷预测。在公开数据集上的实验表 明,所提出方法对少数类负荷的预测效果显著,其平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE) 为2.95%,均方根误差(RMSE) 为 175.71 MW;对于常规负荷的预测,MAPE为3 .52%,RMSE为195.84 MW,相对其他方法也具有较好的预测效果。