干式空心并联电抗器投切过电压现场测试与分析

为验证干式空心并联电抗器投切过电压受破坏问题,提出了干式空心并联电抗器投切过电压测量方案,并组建了测量系统.对某220 kV变电站一组66 kV干式空心并联电抗器进行了三次投切过电压现场测试,测量结果表明投切干式空心并联电抗器能够产生较高过电压,同时对现有仿真理论计算进行了真型验证,搭建测量系统时要解决分布参数对测量的影响问题.     

基于负载转矩观测器的动态恒风量控制

当前不基于外部传感器的恒风量控制技术的控制性能有限.针对此问题,提出一种基于负载转矩观测器的动态恒风量控制技术.构建降阶龙贝格负载转矩观测器,实现风机负载转矩及风道参数的实时观测,并进一步计算风压与风量.将实时计算的风量作闭环PI控制,形成风量-转速-电流三环控制.实测结果表明,所提出方法的风量控制精度高,且无需外部传感器,可有效兼顾实现低成本与高控制性能.     

基于负载转矩观测器的动态恒风量控制

当前不基于外部传感器的恒风量控制技术的控制性能有限.针对此问题,提出一种基于负载转矩观测器的动态恒风量控制技术.构建降阶龙贝格负载转矩观测器,实现风机负载转矩及风道参数的实时观测,并进一步计算风压与风量.将实时计算的风量作闭环PI控制,形成风量-转速-电流三环控制.实测结果表明,所提出方法的风量控制精度高,且无需外部传感器,可有效兼顾实现低成本与高控制性能.     

Modified g-C3N4 derived from ionic liquid and urea for promoting visible-light photodegradation of organic pollutants

In this work, modified g-C₃N₄ was fabricated successfully by calcination of ionic liquid (IL) and urea. The addition of IL changed the polymerization mode of urea, induced the self-assembly of urea molecules, modified the morphological structure of the tightly packed g-C₃N₄, and extended the electron conjugation system. When using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) as a modifier, the heteroatom Cl could be inserted into the g-C₃N₄ to optimize the electronic structure. The results of characterizations indicate that the unique structure of modified g-C₃N₄ has an expanded electron delocalization range, introduces an interlayer charge transmission channel, promotes the charge transmission, reduces the band gap, enhances the absorption of visible light, and inhibits electron-hole recombination. Modified g-C₃N₄ showed excellent photocatalytic performance for the degradation of rhodamine B and tetracycline. Furthermore, the effect of different anions in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium salts ([Bmim]Cl, [Bmim]Br, [Bmim][BF₄], and [Bmim][PF₆]) on the structure and function of g-C₃N₄ are discussed.     

Role of TRPA1 in Tissue Damage and Kidney Disease

TRPA1, a nonselective cation channel, is expressed in sensory afferent that innervates peripheral targets. Neuronal TRPA1 can promote tissue repair, remove harmful stimuli and induce protective responses via the release of neuropeptides after the activation of the channel by chemical, exogenous, or endogenous irritants in the injured tissue. However, chronic inflammation after repeated noxious stimuli may result in the development of several diseases. In addition to sensory neurons, TRPA1, activated by inflammatory agents from some non-neuronal cells in the injured area or disease, might promote or protect disease progression. Therefore, TRPA1 works as a molecular sentinel of tissue damage or as an inflammation gatekeeper. Most kidney damage cases are associated with inflammation. In this review, we summarised the role of TRPA1 in neurogenic or non-neurogenic inflammation and in kidney disease, especially the non-neuronal TRPA1. In in vivo animal studies, TRPA1 prevented sepsis-induced or Ang-II-induced and ischemia-reperfusion renal injury by maintaining mitochondrial haemostasis or via the downregulation of macrophage-mediated inflammation, respectively. Renal tubular epithelial TRPA1 acts as an oxidative stress sensor to mediate hypoxia–reoxygenation injury in vitro and ischaemia–reperfusion-induced kidney injury in vivo through MAPKs/NF-kB signalling. Acute kidney injury (AKI) patients with high renal tubular TRPA1 expression had low complete renal function recovery. In renal disease, TPRA1 plays different roles in different cell types accordingly. These findings depict the important role of TRPA1 and warrant further investigation.     

焦家金矿无废矿山建设工程实践

焦家金矿存在尾矿库库容不足,井下采空区难以保证细粒级尾砂全部利用等问题。为缓解排尾压力,实行细粒级尾砂充填、粗粒级尾砂加工销售模式;为增加新的采空区,在井下浅部区域回采低品位矿石,同时增加了金属回收量。实践结果表明,采用废石利用+低品位资源综合利用+尾砂再造及综合利用协同技术生产工艺,实现了焦家金矿无废矿山建设,也为同类矿山实现无废矿山提供了宝贵经验,具有借鉴意义。     

Microstructural modeling approach applied to rock material

The importance of the microstructural parameters in rock mechanical behavior has been investigated by several authors. Moreover, the Weibull statistical model has been used to characterize the heterogeneity of several materials on the basis of the concept that the microscopic defects within the material determine their mechanical strength. The modeling of different rocks is a topic that is fundamental for the prediction of rock fragmentation. In this article, the analysis of rock microstructure is performed using the microstructural modeling approach, which consists of the simplification, quantification, and modeling of the main properties of rock microstructure. The grain size, grain shape, and microcracks are modeled by means of statistical density functions, namely, Cauchy, chi-squared, exponential, extreme value, gamma, Laplace, normal, uniform, and Weibull. It is found that the Weibull distribution is the most appropriate statistical model of the grain size and grain shape, when compared with the other eight statistical models. Regarding microcracks, the results show that the gamma distribution is the most appropriate model. The Weibull and gamma distributions are then used to analyze the heterogeneity of the microstructure. This is done by comparison of the statistical models of each microstructural property evaluated in several thin sections of the same rock. It is found that with respect to grain size and grain shape, the rock is homogeneous, while the size distribution of the microcracks shows a clear trend toward less homogeneity. The microstructural modeling approach is important for modeling, characterizing, and analyzing the microstructure of rock material. Among other applications, it can be used to explain differences in the mechanical behavior obtained in testing several specimens.     

钨丝／Zr基金属玻璃复合材料的界面反应与扩散

采用渗流铸造工艺制备了钨丝增强不同Nb含量的Zr基金属玻璃复合材料，利用X-Ray衍射、扫描电镜以及电子探针考察了复合材料界面反应和界面扩散情况，研究了基体合金中的Nb含量对复合材料界面反应和界面扩散的影响。结果表明：对Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30基复合材料，渗流时，钨丝与液相中的Zr发生界面包晶反应，生成W5Zr3界面相，并使界面位置向液相方向移动。在Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30合金的基础上添加Nb，发现Nb优先在钨丝界面偏聚，降低了Zr在钨丝界面的偏聚和活度，抑制钨丝与液相中的Zr包晶反应的发生，没有生成W5Zr3界面相，界面处只存在简单的扩散层。同时发现Zr元素在钨丝中的扩散系数降低，此时界面位置向钨丝方向移动。     

定向凝固水平连铸多晶铜的动态本构方程

以带有同步组装技术的分离式Hopkinson压杆装置作为热模拟装置，采用基于MTS（Mechanical Threshold Stress）模型建立的FCC晶体结构的动态本构方程，确定了定向凝固水平连铸多晶铜动态本构方程参数，研究了其动态冲击特性，获得高温段（685K-1085K）的理论应力-应变曲线与实验曲线相当吻合，而在低温段（低于685K）的理论曲线与实验曲线出入较大。结果也表明定向凝固水平连铸多晶铜在485K和685K之间有一温度能使其回复能达到阀值。     

用DSPCF分光光度法测定钯

在室温下以硝酸为介质,钯与DSPCF形成有色络合物,其表观摩尔吸光系数ε_(520)=1.2×10~4,络合物组成为Pd(Ⅱ):DSPCF=1:2。其特点是在室温下发生显色反应,当加入HNO_3使介质达1.75N时,只有Pd(Ⅱ)—DSPCF红色络合物不褪色,可用于铂钯二次精矿等的测定。