CPAM的制备及其对环境激素DMP的去除

引言混凝沉降法作为提高水质处理效率的一种经济、简便的方法备受关注,而混凝处理过程中,混凝剂的种类、性质是混凝处理效果好坏的关键因素。其中有机高分子混凝剂更是成为近年来的研究热点[1-4]。聚丙烯酰胺作为一种高效的有机高分子混凝剂,具有正电荷密度高、相对分子质     

绿色有机蒙脱石的制备、表征及其抗菌活性

为了提高天然粘土矿物的除藻能力,并降低其对环境的毒性,本研究使用环境友好型季铵盐[1,5-(戊撑)双(N,N’-乙酸十二酯溴化铵)对粘土矿物进行了改性,制备了新型的有机粘土矿物O-MMT2。对O-MMT2进行了结构表征和抗菌特性的研究。结果表明,相对于天然粘土矿物有机粘土矿物O-MMT2的表面疏水性有了明显的提高。O-MMT2的抗菌活性不但优于天然的粘土矿物,而且也优于单季铵盐十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性的粘土矿物O-MMT1。在使用量分别为0.6 g/L和1.0 g/L时,O-MMT2就可以完全杀死藻类和细菌,而对于O-MMT1要达到同样的效果,则分别需要1.0 g/L和1.2 g/L。     

无水氟化氢泄露环境风险评价

无水氟化氢是化工生产的重要原料和产品,其生产、储存、运输和使用过程中都有发生事故的案例。因此,做好无水氟化氢的环境风险评价对于如何有效防范风险事故发生、确定安全范围以及风险事故发生后如何采取风险应急措施等都是非常必要的。以某氟化工企业的无水氟化氢生产为例,按照《建设项目环境风险评价技术导则》要求,通过重大危险源辨识、风险识别,确定无水氟化氢储罐泄露为最大可信事故。又通过源项分析、后果计算,对无水氟化氢储罐的泄露事故进行环境风险预测和评价,并提出了相关的风险防范措施,以期为同类型项目的环境风险评价提供可借鉴的经验。     

六苯氧基环三磷腈的合成及其在PP中的应用研究

以六氯环三膦腈和苯酚钠为原料制备了六苯氧基环三磷腈（PCPZ）,产物收率高于97％,纯度达99％以上,利用高效液相色谱（HPLC）、傅立叶红外光谱（FT—IR）31P核磁共振（叫PNMR）和‘H核磁共振（’HNMR）表征产物并确定其分子结构。将合成的PCPZ和焦磷酸蜜胺盐（MPP）、三聚氰胺（MA）、助剂（AA）复配成膨胀型阻燃剂（IFR）,并添加到聚丙烯（PP）中制备成阻燃聚丙烯（PP）。利用MINITAB软件的混料设计功能研究了复配IFR对阻燃PP体系的阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,阻燃效果较好的IFR配方：PCPZA8．6％、MPP25．0％、MA12．5％和AA13．9％,IFF添加量为30％时,IFR—PP的LOI为33％,通过UL94V-0级测试,拉伸强度为25．98MPa,断裂伸长率为230％,缺1：7冲击强度为4．72kJ／m。。     

(2S,4R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-4-甲烷磺酰氧基吡咯烷-2-羧酸的合成研究

以反式-4-羟基-L-脯氨酸为原料,先经Boc保护,再与甲烷磺酰氯反应,2步合成了药物中间体(2S,4R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-4-甲烷磺酰氧基吡咯烷-2-羧酸,总收率为80.4%。考察了温度、溶剂等反应条件对收率的影响,产物结构经MS,1H-NMR确证。     

木糖还原酶基因的克隆及其在酿酒酵母中的定向整合

酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)是重要的乙醇生产菌株,但因缺少戊糖代谢途径而不能利用木糖,为了改良工业酿酒酵母利用半纤维素发酵生产乙醇的性能,利用分子生物学技术构建能够利用木糖的基因工程酵母。选取酿酒酵母染色体的rDNA重复序列作为外源基因整合位点,依此构建多拷贝染色体整合型载体pUG-LR。采用融合表达策略扩增得到含有酿酒酵母乙醇脱氢酶启动子PADH和树干毕赤酵母木糖还原酶基因xyl1的融合序列,并将其插入pUG-LR载体中,构建成含遗传霉素G418抗性标记的同源重组质粒pUG-LR-XYL1。以工业酿酒酵母ZU-01为宿主,通过优化后的电穿孔法将重组质粒导入经缓冲液处理的酵母细胞,30℃培养。通过提高YEPX复筛培养基G418浓度,得到10株生长较快的优良性状转化子。在不含G418的YEPX培养基上传代8次以上,以转化子基因组DNA为模板,进行PCR检测,均可获得目的基因片段。研究结果表明:木糖还原酶基因xyl1已定向整合于ZU-01染色体DNA上并稳定遗传,为后续构建工业酿酒酵母的木糖代谢通路、利用木糖产酒精的重组菌株奠定了基础。     

The electrorheological properties of polyaniline nanofiber/kaolinite hybrid nanocomposite

A novel polyaniline nanofiber/kaolinite nanoplatelet hybrid nanocomposite was synthesized by means of rapidly mixed in situ polymerization. The resultant polyaniline/kaolinite hybrid nanocomposite was characterized via different techniques, such as X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that 2D clay nanoplatelets are coated by the 1D polyaniline nanofibers. The nanoclay platelets can improve the thermal stability of polyaniline nanofibers. An electrorheological effect is found with the suspension of polyaniline nanofiber/kaolinite nanoplatelet hybrid nanocomposite dispersed in silicone oil. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1104‐1113, 2013     

Effect of the crosslinking density and programming temperature on the shape fixity and shape recovery in epoxy–anhydride shape‐memory polymers

In addition to the fabrication of thermoset epoxy–anhydride shape‐memory polymers (SMPs), a systematic experimental investigation was conducted to characterize the crosslinking density, micromorphology, thermal properties, mechanical properties, and shape‐memory effects in the epoxy SMP system, with a focus on the influence of the crosslinking density and programming temperature on the shape‐fixity and shape‐recovery behaviors of the polymers. On the basis of the crosslinking density information determined by NMR technology, we concluded that the effect of the crosslinking density on the shape‐fixity behaviors was dependent on the programming temperature. The advantage of a nice combination of crosslinking density and programming temperature provided an effective approach to tailor the actual shape recovery within a wide range. The increasing crosslinking density significantly improved the shape‐recovery ratio, which could be further improved through a decrease in the programming, whereas the crosslinking density was more fundamental. This exploration should play an important role in the fabrication and applications of SMP materials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40559.     

Effect of Ba Content on the Stress Sensitivity of the Antiferroelectric to Ferroelectric Phase Transition in (Pb,La,Ba,)(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3 Ceramics

The effect of Ba content on the stress sensitivity of the antiferroelectric to ferroelectric phase transition in (Pb_0.94?xLa_0.04Ba_x)[(Zr_0.60Sn_0.40)_0.84Ti_0.16]O₃ ceramics is investigated through monitoring electric field‐induced polarization and longitudinal strain under compressive prestresses. It is found that incorporation of Ba significantly suppresses the stress sensitivity of the phase transition, as manifested by slight decreases under prestresses up to 100 MPa in the maximum polarization (P_m) and longitudinal strain (x_m). The energy storage density is even increased under the mechanical confinement in compositions x = 0.02 and 0.04. X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and dielectric measurements indicate that the suppressed stress sensitivity is associated with the disruption of micrometersized antiferroelectric domains into nanodomains and the transition from antiferroelectric to relaxor behavior.     

提高乳聚丁苯橡胶SBR1502转化率工业化试验

吉林石化公司于2005年开展了提高乳聚丁苯橡胶SBR1502聚合转化率的研究,通过系统的实验研究,完成了小试技术开发,形成了70%转化率乳聚丁苯橡胶SBR1502小试新技术。2006年11月,根据70%转化率乳聚丁苯橡胶SBR1502小试技术成果,吉林石化公司对有机合成厂丁苯橡胶B、C线进行了技术改造,并在C线上进行了提高乳聚丁苯橡胶SBR1502聚合转化率工业化试验。工业化试验表明,70%转化率SBR1502生产运行平稳,聚合转化率达到预定的（70±2）%,聚合时间在10～11h,产品质量经有机合成厂分析车间检测全部达到了优等品标准,取得了大生产试验的成功,形成了70%转化率丁苯橡胶SBR1502生产新技术。