Properties of gasars-metallic materials with pores formed by released hydrogen

We developed a new type of porous materials with anisotropic structure based on a large number of metals. It is shown that these material, called gasars, have properties different from the properties of the other porous materials. Thus, the strength of gasars is much higher than the strength of powder materials with the same porosity and their impact toughness is readily regulated by the sizes of the pores. The internal structures of gasars and possible versions of the types of pores in these materials are strongly diversified, which makes the spectrum of their possible applications very wide. We discuss some specific directions of the potential applications of gasars. The results of measurements of the thermal conductivity of gasars and monolithic specimens are presented. It is shown that, for a certain level of porosity, the specific thermal conductivity of gasars is higher than for monolithic materials. We also make some basic conclusions concerning the characteristics of new porous materials. __________ Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 125–127, September–October, 2007.     

Vibratory drier for the chemical industry

Modern designs are examined, and technical data presented for vibratory electric and convection driers, driers with infra-red sources, and steam driers.     

浅析清水河的水电开发模式

随着国家对多家办电、混合式经济模式的鼓励和政策优惠,中小水电开发已掀起一股热潮,究其开发模式主要有国有全资、民营独资、股份制等几种。本文主要结合贵州乌江清水河水电开发有限公司对清水河中型水电开发的实际,探究股份制混合经济的投资控制及管理模式。     

月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硝酸酯助燃降污性能的研究

通过柴油发动机台架试验证明 ,月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硝酸酯用作柴油添加剂 ,既可提高柴油的燃烧性能 ,又可降低排放尾气中的一氧化碳 (CO)、未燃碳氢化合物 (HC)、氮氧化物 (NOx)含量及烟度等多种功能 ,是一种良好的多功能柴油助燃消烟添加剂。     

Filled Fibrous Sorbents Modified with Transition Metal Ferro- and Ferricyanides for Recovery of Americium and Rare-Earth Metals

Filled fibrous sorbents modified with transition metal ferro- and ferricyanides capable to recover americium(III) and rare-earth metals(III) from nitric acid solutions were prepared. The most complete and rapid recovery is attained on complex-forming and cation-exchange sorbents (as filled fibrous materials) saturated with nickel ions. The sorbents are characterized by good kinetic properties and can be used for recovery of the above metals.     

Factors of large graphite crucible life

Production methods used to prepare graphite crucibles with high operating properties are considered: use as a filler of good graphitizing acicular coke, vibration molding of the original coke mix, use of production cycles for impregnation with medium temperature coal-tar pitch — firing, firing of compacted billets in metal containers, graphitization of fired billets in graphite cylinders. The last two production methods make it possible to reduce the temperature drop throughout the volume of a billet during heat treatment, and as a consequence to reduce crack development to a minimum as a result of reducing thermal stresses. All of the production methods recommended may be entirely accomplished in existing electrode plants and may be used to increase markedly the quality crucible graphite. It is possible to achieve a quality for these materials at the best world level. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 28–33, August 2008.     

Highly resistant dispensing nozzles based on zirconium dioxide for profiled CBCM. Part 1. Structure and physicomechanical properties of materials based on zirconium dioxide for producing CBCM dispensing nozzles

Technology is developed for preparing refractory components made of partially stabilized zirconium dioxide using an isostatic compaction press. Technology is provided for manufacturing dispensing nozzles using combined and separately stabilized zirconium dioxide, and also indices of the refractories obtained and imported materials are compared. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 127–131, March 2008.     

Total and Fractional Performance of Granular Dust Traps in Refractory Production

Methods are proposed for designing interpolation models for the preliminary determination and subsequent forecasting of general and fractional breakthrough coefficients for dust used with granular filters, as employed in energy-saving and high-performance dust trapping from technological gases and ventilation discharges in refractory production. The models are supplied with nomograms, which makes them widely suitable for experts working in environmental protection at refractory-producing organizations. The main factors are identified that influence the performance. The results are of interest to experts in related areas of industry such as building materials and engineering ceramics and so on. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 4, pp. 64–67, April, 2008.     

Generalized model of the formulation of the required composition of pitch-coke mixtures

Known methods of calculating the required compositions of pitch-coke mixtures in producing large graphitized electrodes are not widely used [1, 2]. This may be attributed to the multivariance of the problem, the probabilistic character of the technological operations, the lack of well-founded optimization criteria, and the sensitivity of the characteristics of the product to variation in the parameters of the initial materials and their ratios in the mixture. The only means of solving the problem is physical modeling, taking account of current computer capabilities.