Tri-Gate Bulk MOSFET Design for CMOS Scaling to the End of the Roadmap

A tri-gate bulk MOSFET design utilizing a low-aspect-ratio channel is proposed to provide an evolutionary pathway for CMOS scaling to the end of the roadmap. 3-D device simulations indicate that this design offers the advantages of a multi-gate FET (reduced variability in performance and improved scalability) together with the advantages of a conventional planar MOSFET (low substrate cost and capability for dynamic threshold-voltage control).     

Automating application software generation

Many approaches have been proposed to enhance software productivity and reliability. These approaches typically fall into three categories: the engineering approach, the formal approach and the knowledge-based approach. But the optimal gain in software productivity cannot be obtained if one relies on only one of these approaches. This paper describes the work in knowledge-based software engineering conducted by the authors for the past 10 years. The final goal of the research is to develop a paradigm for software engineering which integrates the three approaches mentioned above. A knowledge-based tool which can support the whole process of software development is provided in this paper.     

Evolving artificial neural network ensembles

Using a coordinated group of simple solvers to tackle a complex problem is not an entirely new idea. Its root could be traced back hundreds of years ago when ancient Chinese suggested a team approach to problem solving. For a long time, engineers have used the divide-and-conquer strategy to decompose a complex problem into simpler sub-problems and then solve them by a group of solvers. However, knowing the best way to divide a complex problem into simpler ones relies heavily on the available domain knowledge. It is often a manual process by an experienced engineer. There have been few automatic divide-and-conquer methods reported in the literature. Fortunately, evolutionary computation provides some of the interesting avenues to automatic divide-and-conquer methods. An in-depth study of such methods reveals that there is a deep underlying connection between evolutionary computation and ANN ensembles. Ideas in one area can be usefully transferred into another in producing effective algorithms. For example, using speciation to create and maintain diversity had inspired the development of negative correlation learning for ANN ensembles, and an in-depth study of diversity in ensembles. This paper will review some of the recent work in evolutionary approaches to designing ANN ensembles.     

Structured optimal and robust control with multiple criteria: a convex solution

In this paper, the design of controllers that incorporate structural and multiobjective performance requirements is considered. The control structures under study cover nested, chained, hierarchical, delayed interaction and communications, and symmetric systems. Such structures are strongly related to several modern-day and future applications including integrated flight propulsion systems, platoons of vehicles, micro-electro-mechanical systems, networked control, control of networks, production lines and chemical processes. It is shown that the system classes presented have the common feature that all stabilizing controllers can be characterized by convex constraints on the Youla-Kucera parameter. Using this feature, a solution to a general optimal performance problem that incorporates time domain and frequency domain constraints is obtained. A synthesis procedure is provided which at every step yields a feasible controller together with a measure of its performance with respect to the optimal. Convergence to the optimal performance is established. An example of a multinode network congestion control problem is provided that illustrates the effectiveness of the developed methodology.     

一种前馈型全摆幅恒跨导准恒增益CMOS运放设计

设计了一种适合在低电源电压下工作的前馈型输入级放大结构，在全摆幅的动态工作范围内，输入级跨导保持不变，采用负载电流补偿以保证增益近似恒定，输出采用前馈型AB类输结构，实现全摆幅输出。     

Evaluation of image similarity by histogram intersection

Colour is the most widely used attribute in image retrieval and object recognition. A technique known as histogram intersection has been widely studied and is considered to be effective for color‐image indexing. The key issue of this algorithm is the selection of an appropriate color space and optimal quantization of the selected color space. The goal of this article is to measure the model performance in predicting human judgment in similarity measurement for various images, to explore the capability of the model with a wide set of color spaces, and to find the optimal quantization of the selected color spaces. Six color spaces and twelve quantization levels are involved in evaluating the performance of histogram intersection. The categorical judgment and rank order experiments were conducted to measure image similarity. The CIELAB color space was found to perform at least as good as or better than the other color spaces tested, and the ability to predict image similarity increased with the number of bins used in the histograms, for up to 512 bins (8 per channel). With more than 512 bins, further improvement was negligible for the image datasets used in this study. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 30, 265–274, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20122     

A two-dimensional time-domain finite element formulation for periodic structures

A formulation is presented for a two-dimensional time-domain finite-element method (FEM-TD) that incorporates periodic boundaries. The specifics of the method are shown for scattering problems, but it should be straightforward to extend it to radiation problems. The method solves for a transformed field variable (instead of solving directly for the electric field) in order to easily enable periodic boundary conditions in the time domain. The accuracy and stability of the method is demonstrated by a series of examples where the new formulation is compared with reference solutions. Very accurate results are obtained when the excitation (frequency range) and the geometry are such that no higher order Floquet modes are present. The accuracy is degraded in the presence of higher order modes due to the rather simple absorbing boundary condition that is used with the present formulation. The method is found to be stable even for angles of incidence close to grazing.     

An experiment for showing some kind of artificial understanding

In this paper we design an experiment which can be depicted as a simple scenario, a very limited 'world'. In this world, there are an actor that can pursue a project and an observer that is keeping its eyes on the actor. We try to show in the experiment that the observer can to some degree understand the actor based on its knowledge and some metaphors, i.e. understand what the actor is doing and why. As the conclusion of this experiment, we try to show some features of 'understanding'. These are (1) that 'understanding' has to be based on some preliminary knowledge; (2) that 'understanding' is a process of incremental learning; (3) that, as for symbolic systems, some metaphors are necessary for mapping real entities into concepts in mind.     

曲靖二期工程电气、热控工艺质量策划的运用

介绍了曲靖电厂二期工程电气、热控安装工艺质量策划工艺质量的方法 ,及策划过程和划重点