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61.
Shufang Wang Yuanhui Ma Yanji Wang Wei Xue Xinqiang Zhao 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(11):1466-1471
BACKGROUND: A single‐step conversion of nitrobenzene (NB) to p‐aminophenol (PAP) through catalytic hydrogenation is a widely used synthesis route for PAP. The main shortcoming of this route is the use of sulfuric acid for rearrangement of the phenylhydroxylamine (PHA) intermediate. In this paper, S2O82?/ZrO2 (PSZ) solid acid and Pt‐S2O82?/ZrO2 (Pt‐PSZ) bifunctional catalysts were prepared for the synthesis of PAP in non‐acid medium. RESULTS: Calcination temperature has a substantial effect on the acidity, structure and activity for PHA rearrangement of PSZ. The highest PAP yield was 33.8% over PSZ calcined at 823 K when the reaction was carried out in water at 423 K. A high PAP yield of 23.9% was achieved by a single‐step reaction of nitrobenzene over Pt‐PSZ bifunctional catalysts. CONCLUSION: PSZ solid acid exhibits high activity for PHA rearrangement. Perfect tetragonal ZrO2 and much stronger acid sites play important roles in catalytic activity. Inhibiting the hydrogenation activity by reducing the amount of Pt loading on Pt‐PSZ can improve the competition of PHA rearrangement on acid sites with hydrogenation of PHA on metal active sites, resulting in better selectivity to PAP. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
62.
生产电子工业用高纯氮的制氮装置 ,其要点和难点是一氧化碳和氢的清除。采用一氧化碳转换炉和特殊的冷箱内流程组织 ,可以生产纯度为 99 9999%以上的高纯氮。对制取电子工业用高纯氮制氮装置与常规制氮装置加氮终端净化器两种流程进行了比较。 相似文献
63.
64.
A non-destructive and in-situ technique for the measurement of tritium in materials, namely β-ray-induced X-ray spectrometry (BIXS), has been developed recently. In the present study a V-4Cr-4Ti alloy was pre-heated at 1000℃ for 2 h to form a recrystallization structure before the tritium absorption experiments were conducted. Firstly the hydrogen isotope gas was charazterized by means of a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) and a small-sized ionization chamber. Then hydrogen isotope absorption tests of V-4Cr-4Ti alloy were performed at 400 ℃ and the atomic concentration of hydrogen isotope in V-4Cr-4Ti alloy was estimated as 0.17% with a tritium content of approximately 2.5 ppm. Experimental results indicate that BIXS is a quite useful tool for quantitatively measuring the tritium content and tritium distribution in the surface layers of vanadium alloys and no strong trapping effects of tritium exist in the pre-heated V-4Cr-4Ti alloy. 相似文献
65.
66.
仝少宣是民国时期河东盐商的巨擘,长袖善贾,善于经营,是清末至民国27年(1938年)执河东盐商之牛耳的驭手。他的经营业绩和经营理念,深深影响了一代盐商。笔者经十年询访,搜集整理,撰写成如下论文,就教于各位盐业史研究同仁。 相似文献
67.
采用小纸层析系统1:1的氯仿/四氢呋喃展开剂分析^99mTc-HMPAO的放射化学纯度,并与两个薄层析系统和一个纸层析系统的方法作比较。配对t检验结果表明两种方法测定的放射化学纯度无显著差异;放射化学纯度在74.2%-96.4%,小纸层析法与薄层/纸层析法紧密相关,回归公式y=1.006x-0.323。 相似文献
68.
本文应用d'Alembert-Lagrange原理,对由基座、(n-1)个柔性连杆及端部负载组成,相互用柱铰连接的柔性链式多体系统进行建模;对在空间技术中,具有一刚杆,两柔杆加上刚性负载所组成的三维机械臂系统,采用Gear算法进行数值仿真。仿真结果比较符合实际,从而在柔性多体系统的数学模型为刚性常微分方程的情况下,为解决其数值仿真问题,特别是三维问题的数值仿真取得了进展。 相似文献
69.
Y Xue P Bj?rquist T Inghardt M Linschoten D Musil L Sj?lin J Deinum 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,6(5):627-636
BACKGROUND: Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is an important endogenous regulator of the fibrinolytic system. Reduction of PAI-1 activity has been shown to enhance dissolution of blood clots. Like other serpins, PAI-1 binds covalently to a target serine protease, thereby irreversibly inactivating the enzyme. During this process the exposed reactive-centre loop of PAI-1 is believed to undergo a conformational change becoming inserted into beta sheet A of the serpin. Incubation with peptides from the reactive-centre loop transform serpins into a substrate for their target protease. It has been hypothesised that these peptides bind to beta sheet A, thereby hindering the conformational rearrangement leading to loop insertion and formation of the stable serpin-protease complex. RESULTS: We report here the 1.95 A X-ray crystal structure of a complex of a glycosylated mutant of PAI-1, PAI-1-ala335Glu, with two molecules of the inhibitory reactive-centre loop peptide N-Ac-TVASS-NH2. Both bound peptide molecules are located between beta strands 3A and 5A of the serpin. The binding kinetics of the peptide inhibitor to immobilised PAI-1-Ala335Glu, as monitored by surface plasmon resonance, is consistent with there being two different binding sites. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first reported crystal structure of a complex formed between a serpin and a serpin inhibitor. The localisation of the inhibitory peptide in the complex strongly supports the theory that molecules binding in the space between beta strands 3A and 5A of a serpin are able to prevent insertion of the reactive-centre loop into beta sheet A, thereby abolishing the ability of the serpin to irreversibly inactivate its target enzyme. The characterisation of the two binding sites for the peptide inhibitor provides a solid foundation for computer-aided design of novel, low molecular weight PAI-1 inhibitors. 相似文献
70.
颗粒表面改性法制备PTC粉体的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文介绍了一种通过液相颗粒表面改性技术添加二次掺杂物来制备PTC粉体的新方法。即将烧结助熔剂Al2O3,SiO2以及受主杂质MnO采用溶液形式,包裹在BaTiO3基粉体颗粒表面进行改性,由此可以得到二次掺杂物Al2O3、SiO2和MnO分布均匀的PTC粉体。 相似文献