Microstructure and coloring mechanism of iron spots on bluish white porcelain from Jingdezhen of the Song Dynasty

Jingdezhen is famous for its bluish white (Qingbai) porcelains of the Song Dynasty, and those decorated with iron spots are distinctive among them. Herein, iron spots on a bluish white porcelain were investigated using a series of microscopic and spectroscopic characterizations. We found the decreasing iron content from more than 8 wt% to about 2 wt% during the glaze color transition from rusty to brown and finally into green, which built a connection on the coloring mechanism of iron-rich crystallized glaze and celadon glaze. We identified the rare ε-Fe₂O₃, a promising magnetic material, in both the dark brown crystals and the triangular crystals in the rusty area, which is its first discovery among bluish white porcelains. Based on these findings, we discussed the coloring mechanism of iron-spot decoration along with the physical form of the iron oxide crystals, indicating the partially reducing atmosphere during firing process.     

土壤中有机污染物的检测技术研究进展

土壤污染防治法的实施促进了国内土壤监测业务的发展.对比分析了目前土壤中有机污染物的采样、前处理技术.挥发性有机污染物(VOCs)对采样环节的要求较高,需使用采样器和保存剂来减少挥发损失,进样前提取过程宜选用吹扫捕集等具有封闭系统的高效自动化方式.半挥发性有机污染物(SVOCs)的回收率主要受萃取、净化方式的影响,二氯甲烷和加速溶剂萃取的组合方式既快速又节约溶剂;净化材料宜选择弗罗里硅土、氧化铝类物质.选择合适的采样、前处理方法才能保证回收率、质量控制的要求.     

流域水情自动测报系统建设和运行管理新思路探析

以金沙江中游梯级水电站水情自动测报系统的建设和运行管理实践经验为基础,总结和探索流域梯级水电站水情自动测报系统建设和运行管理的新思路,以期对今后流域水情测报系统的建设和运行管理起到借鉴作用。     

基于COM组件技术的VISA-COM函数库的研究与设计

针对虚拟仪器软件体系结构(VISA)仅支持少数几种语言的局限性,以及VISA函数库的版本升级时的难度,提出采用COM组件模型设计VISA函数库的方法;所设计的VISA-COM函数库可以支持Visual C/C++、VB、Java、Delphi、C++Builder等多种语言;同时利用组件复用的特性,极大地降低了软件版本升级的难度和复杂度;实验表明,VISA-COM函数库支持多语言下的使用,版本升级简单,对VISA函数库的开发具有一定的指导意义。     

蛋白质与淀粉的相互作用对陈化大米质构特性的影响

以１０种大米为材料研究了在４０℃条件下储藏６个月后蒸煮大米粘度和硬度的变化以及蛋白质的溶解性、蛋白与淀粉相互作用的变化。结果表明,陈化以后蒸煮大米的硬度上升,粘度下降。蛋白质总量基本不变,但是,总蛋白以及清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白的提取率都降低。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳图谱显示清蛋白、球蛋白和谷蛋白的高分子量亚基含量增多,低分子量亚基含量减少,非淀粉粒蛋白与淀粉的相互作用在大米陈化过程中增加。通过对６０ＫＤ淀粉粒蛋白含量高的４种大米的研究表明,大米陈化过程中淀粉粒蛋白与淀粉的相互作用增加,这种变化与蒸煮大米粘度变化的相关性显著（ｐ＝００５）,因此,淀粉粒蛋白与淀粉相互作用增加可能是导致陈化大米蒸煮后粘度降低的一个重要原因。     

Optimized design of sandwich panels for integral thermal protection systems

This paper proposes a new ITPS panel with special corrugated-core webs which are designed with cutouts for weight saving. The structural design problem was formulated with mass per unit area of the ITPS as the objective function and some functional requirements as constraints. We developed the optimizer fulfilling both thermal and structural functions for minimal areal density. The optimization problem was solved by interpolating the residual error of response surface approximation (RSA) with Radial Basis Function (RBF) to establish the improved RSA (IRSA). The 400 preliminary design points were obtained using Latin Hypercube Sampling method. The quadratic polynomial RSA of the ITPS sandwich panel performance was generated by the least squares method (LSM) based on finite element results and IRSA was used to optimize the constraints. Transient heat transfer, stress and buckling analyses were conducted using finite element method (FEM). Finally, a new ITPS panel with optimal dimensions was obtained. The optimization results show that the areal density of the new ITPS panel decreases by 26.27 % compared with the previous research, which proves the potential of this new design optimization method for the future spacecraft vehicles.     

辛硫磷合成的工艺改进

本文介绍了辛硫磷的中间体α－氰基苯甲肟钠及其原油合成的工艺改进，总收率达到８４％，该方法操作简单，成本低，适合于工业化生产。     

潮流能自由变偏角水轮机限位角优化方法

针对潮流能水轮机中的水动力问题,采用基于粘性CFD理论的多体耦合数值模拟方法对影响潮流能自由变偏角水轮机水动力性能的重要参数限位角进行研究.通过对比不同限位角下叶片偏角和水轮机转矩变化规律,阐明了限位角对水轮机运动特性和动力特性的影响规律.以水轮机功率最大化为优化目标,提出了限位角参数优化选取方法,并进行了实例验证.研究表明:当叶片摆动到限位角时,偏角由限位角的大小决定,限位角上限和下限对偏角的控制区域不同,这样可以通过单独调节限位角的上限或者下限分别改善叶片在不同方位角处的水动力特性.     

双酚F合成工艺探究

以苯酚、甲醛溶液（质量分数为37%～40%）为原料,磷酸为催化剂,经缩合反应合成了双酚F。通过正交实验探讨了原料配比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对反应的影响,并对纯化后的产品进行了电镜扫描、红外光谱和熔点测试等分析表征。实验结果表明,最优工艺条件为n（苯酚）∶n（甲醛）=2.2∶1.0,n（苯酚）∶n（磷酸）=2.2∶0.8,在温度为42℃时反应2h,再升温至65℃反应0.5h,最优条件下扩大实验所得的收率可稳定在90%左右。     

Sybase数据库的体系结构及在工商管理系统中的应用

文章分析了Sybase数据库的适应性组件体系结构,其结构分为三层或多层,在每一层中都体现了组件的思想及其适应性,按照应用需求对数据库系统每一层进行配置,以适应未来发展要求。根据Sybase数据库的结构特点,开发了工商管理信息系统的应用数据库。